CUL-DAR252.4    Note:    [1878--1908]   Catalogue of Charles Robert Darwin's pamphlet collection: (addenda)   Text

213 Maximouwicz influence du Pollen etranger sur le fruit St Peters. Bull. du Sc. Maximowicz, C. J. 1872. Einfluss fremden Pollens auf die Form der erzeugten Frucht. Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg 17: 136-140. [Darwin Pamphlet Collection 732, Quarto 213] PDF 218 Mayer K. Versteinerungen des Helvetian 165 Mayer, Synchronism Table of Tert. Formation of [illeg] 324 Meehan Sex odor in flowers 173 Miklucho-Maclay Morphologie der Spongen 352 Millardet Mimosæ 97

F1280    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1880. The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species. London: John Murray. 2s edition.   Text   Image   PDF

the same form of T. serpyllum. In some specimens sent me from Mentone by Mr. Moggridge, together with the accompanying sketches, the anthers of the female, though small, were well formed, but they contained very little pollen, and not a single sound grain could be detected. Eighteen seedlings were raised from purchased seed, sown in the same small bed; and these consisted of seven hermaphrodites and eleven females. They were left freely exposed to the visits of bees, and no doubt every female

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

Again, Mr. F. Pollock1 relates of the young of Epeira aurelia, which he observed in Madeira, that when seven weeks old they made a web the size of a penny, and that these nets have the same beautiful symmetry as those of the full-grown spider. And, speaking of trap-door spiders, Moggridge says, I cannot help thinking that these very small nests, built as they are by minute spiders probably not very long hatched from the egg, must rank among the most marvellous structures of this kind with

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

movement of depression. The most remarkable point about this species is that insects seem to suck nectar out of minute open cells in the honeycombed surface of the labellum. The flowers are visited by various hymenopterous and dipterous insects; and the author saw the pollinia attached to the forehead of a large bee, the Xylocopa violacea. Neotinea (Orchis) intacta. Mr. Moggridge sent me from North Italy living specimens of this very rare British plant, which, as he informed me, is remarkable

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

M LLER, FRITZ. 'Ueber Befruchtungserscheinungen bei Orchideen.' Botanische Zeitung, No. 39, 1868, p. 629. M LLER, HERMANN. 'Beobachtungen an westf lishen Orchideen.' Verhandlungen des nat. Vereins f r Pr. Rheinl. u. Westf. 1868 and 1869. DARWIN, CHARLES. 'Notes on the Fertilisation of Orchids.' Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Sept. 1869. DELPINO. 'Ulteriori Osservazioni sulla Dicogamia nel Regno vegetale.' Parte prima. Milan, 1868 69, pp. 175 78. MOGGRIDGE, J. TRAHERNE. 'Ueber Ophrys

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

Ophrys, and is much more rigid; the upper part is naturally curved forward; the lower part undergoes the usual movement of depression, when the pollinia are removed from their cells. The pollen-masses never fall spontaneously out of their cells. This plant, therefore, differs in every important respect from O. apifera, and seems to be much more closely allied to O. aranifera. Ophrys scolopax of Cavanilles. This form inhabits the north of Italy and the south of France. Mr. Moggridge says* that

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

constructed so as to be regularly cross-fertilised, it may be asked will it ever revert to its former state; and if it does not so revert, will it become extinct? These questions cannot be answered, any more than in the case of those plants which are now propagated exclusively by buds, stolons, c., but which produce flowers that rarely or never set any seed; and there is reason to believe that asexual propagation is closely analogous to long-continued self-fertilisation. Finally Mr. Moggridge has

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

course of time to what was undoubtedly their pristine condition, and in this case their various adaptations for cross-fertilisation would be again brought into action. We may believe that such reversion is possible, when we hear from Mr. Moggridge that Ophrys scolopax fertilises itself freely in one district of Southern France without the aid of insects, and [page] 29

F803    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insects. 2nd ed. Revised 3d thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

, 241; sepals, 274; upper petals, 276 fenestrata, 135, 136, 142 Maxillaria, movements of pollinia, 156; number of pollen-grains in anther, 278 ornithorhyncha, movement of pollinia, 157, 159 Megaclinium falcatum, labellum of, 138 M ni re M., on insects visiting Orchids, 30; secretion of nectar by Coryanthes, 173; movement of Catasetum, 187, 191; the nectar-receptacle, 269 Microstylus rhedii, 132, 135 Miltonia clowesii, pollinia of, 154, 155 Modifications in Orchids, 246 Moggridge, J. Traherne, on

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

increase of our knowledge are Messrs. Bates, Belt, M ller, Moggridge, Lincecum, MacCook, and Sir John Lubbock. From the fact that these naturalists conducted their observations in different parts of the world and on widely different species of ants, it is not surprising that their results should present many points of difference; for this only shows, as we might have expected, that different species of ants differ considerably in habits and intelligence. Therefore, in now drawing all these

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

, why the seed, when thus stored in subterranean chambers just far enough below the surface to favour germination, does not germinate. Moggridge says that out of twenty-one nests and among many thousands of seeds that he examined, he only found twenty-seven cases of incipient germination. Moreover, all these cases occurred in months from November to February, while in the nests opened in October, March, April, and May, no sprouted seeds were discovered, though these are the months highly

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

picked her up tenderly, and carried her away into the nest. It would have been difficult for any one who witnessed this scene to have denied to this ant the possession of humane feelings.' Moggridge is also of opinion that the habit of throwing sick and apparently dead ants [page] 48 ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

Domestic Pets. Many species of ants display the curious habit of keeping in their nests sundry kinds of other insects, which, so far as observation extends, are of no benefit to the ants, and which therefore have been regarded by observers as mere domestic pets. These 'pets' are for the most part species which occur nowhere else except in ants' nests, and each species of 'pet' is peculiar to certain species of ants. Thus Moggridge found 'a large number of a minute shining brown beetle moving

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

traced these granaries to a depth of four feet below the surface of the ground, and believes, from the statements of a native peasant, that they, or at least the formicaries, extend to a depth of fifteen feet. As regards the care that the ants take of the gathered grain, Lincecum describes the same habit as Moggridge and Sykes describe viz., the sunning of wet seeds to [page] 106 ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

Espinas also observed ('Thierischen Gesellschaften,' German translation, 1879, p. 371) that each single ant made its own plan and followed it until a comrade, which had caught the idea, joined it, and then they worked together in the execution of the same plan. Moggridge says of the harvesters of Europe, I have observed on more than one occasion that when in digging into an ants' nest I have thrown out an elater larva, the ants would cluster round it and direct it towards some small opening in

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

considerations as to the wide geographical distribution of trap-door spiders, that their instincts as, indeed, is the case with the characteristic instincts of many other species of spiders must be of immense age. Thus, again to quote Moggridge, It seems to be the rule with spiders generally that the offspring should leave the nest and construct dwellings for themselves when very young. Mr. Blackwall, speaking of British spiders, says: 'Complicated as the processes are by which these symmetrical nets are

F1416    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. [Extracts from Darwin's draft chapter 10 of Natural selection]. In Romanes, G. J., Animal intelligence. London: Kegan Paul Trench & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

instances of the division of labour might be given besides these, and those to be mentioned hereafter in other connections throughout the course of the present chapter; but enough has been said to show that the principle is unquestionably acted upon by sundry species of ants. That ants are liable to make mistakes, and, when they do, that they profit by experience, is shown by the following experiment made by Moggridge; and many other instances might be given were it desirable: It sometimes happens that

F1281    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1884. The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species. 3d thousand. Preface by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

the same form of T. serpyllum. In some specimens sent me from Mentone by Mr. Moggridge, together with the accompanying sketches, the anthers of the Fig. 15. THYMUS VULGARIS (magnified). female, though small, were well formed, but they contained very little pollen, and not a single sound grain could be detected. Eighteen seedlings were raised from purchased seed, sown in the same small bed; and these consisted of seven hermaphrodites and eleven females. They were left freely exposed to the visits

F1452.3    Book:     Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

, when you make him create the Angr cum and Moth by special creation. If we examine the literature relating to the fertilisation of flowers, we do not find that this new branch of study showed any great activity immediately after the publication of the Orchid-book. There are a few papers by Asa Gray, in 1862 and 1863, by Hildebrand in 1864, and by Moggridge in 1865, but the great mass of work by Axell, Delpino, Hildebrand, and the M llers, did not begin to appear until about 1867. The period during

F1225    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1888. Insectivorous plants. 2d ed. Revised by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

sera, 149 Manganese chloride, action on Drosera, 151 Marshall, Mr. W., on Pinguicula, 298 Means of movement in Dion a, 253 in Drosera, 206 Meat, infusion of, causing aggregation in Drosera, 44 , , action on Drosera, 67 , its digestion by Drosera, 82 Mercury perchloride, action on Dro sera, 150 Milk, inducing aggregation in Drosera, 44 , action on Drosera, 66 , its digestion by Drosera, 94 Mirabilis longiflora, glandular hairs of, 284 Moggridge, Traherne, on acids injuring seeds, 105 Moore, Dr., on

F1461    Book:     Darwin, Francis ed. 1892. Charles Darwin: his life told in an autobiographical chapter, and in a selected series of his published letters [abridged edition]. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

to his cousin Fox in September 1862: Hardly any one not a botanist, except yourself, as far as I know, has cared for it. If we examine the literature relating to the fertilisation of flowers, we do not find that this new branch of study showed any great activity immediately after the publication of the Orchid-book. There are a few papers by Asa Gray, in 1862 and 1863, by Hildebrand in 1864, and by Moggridge in 1865, but the great mass of work by Axell, Delpino, Hildebrand, and [page] 31

F3275    Book:     Gregorio, Mario A. -Di, ed. 1990. Charles Darwin's marginalia, vol. 1. Edited by Mario A. Di Gregorio, with the assistance of N.W. Gill. New York; London: Garland.   Text   Image   PDF

relations of the Economy of Nature 8-9m/4-21 w The more perfect the organism the less Evolution (external) wb Mr Traherne Moggridge remarked to me that he cd find seed of Legum. climbing plants only when dropped among thorny plants, in all other places devoured QUATREFAGES DE BRÉAU, Jean Louis Armand de Charles Darwin et ses précurseurs français Paris; Germer Baillière; 1870 [CUL, I] NB 0/ P QUATREFAGES DE BRÉAU, Jean Louis Armand de Études sur les maladies actuelles du ver à soie Paris; V. Masson