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CUL-DAR75.127-135
Abstract:
[1809--1882.04.00]
[index to references concerning] `[Ch] 7 Variation under Nature'
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31/52 38/135 good on Sparrows Schlegel 206 Corvus cornix corone breeding. Thompson Birds 1/307 309 207 Sardinia has many vars but not species. Thompson 2/272 crested snipe vars ([illeg] in nesting tree of primordial Birds very [illeg]) Bechstein (Song Birds) p 221 vars of gold-finch (Brent told me something) p 293 Migratory common Thrushes can be distinguished Davy Angler 242 vars. of Charr. Charles insects May 1/305 vars important in plumage of young birds 1/480 variation in Beaks of Birds 2
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CUL-DAR205.11.51
Abstract:
[Undated]
Montagu `Ornithological dictionary of British birds': 71
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [51] Ch X Montagu Dict. p 71. Rennie on canary upwards of 30 varieties. Number constantly increasing. Syme says wild birds from Canary more resemble siskin of Germany than the tame canary. 2 chief divisions in Canary's the plain variegated the pinks. The first property consists of the whole body being of a fine orange. The 2nd property is feathers of wing tail being of a dark black. Dispositions of canary varies as much as colour some cocks assists
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(Poultry Chronicle) 354— 5 toed Spanish, breed true in toes — in crosses one foot will have more toes than other (Q) 412 X Wild Turkeys very hereditary in plumage — keep distinct from tame O 416 P Classification of Pigeons Brent (NQ) 418 on Serai-tookai Fowls p 467 Nothing particular in either case F. X 446 Crosses between Cochin Bantams O Guinea Pigs 489 on incubation of crossed Ducks D — (Guinea-pig gestation very long varying. Brent knows nothing particular) NQ 499 Ears of Rabbit Birmingham
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online (1 (Poultry Chronicle) O X 43. Few people exhibit for long with success, because do not cross 89 Cross-bred Fowls the hardiest. [Variation 1: 125: An experienced writer29 remarks that the same amateur, as is well known, seldom long maintains the superiority of his birds; and this, he adds, undoubtedly is due to all his stock being of the same blood; hence it is indispensable that he should occasionally procure a bird of another strain. But this is not
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CUL-DAR74.161-162
Abstract:
[[1834--1837]]
25 / Brewer; Peabody; Gould A; Cabot S `Boston Journal of Natural History' 1: 431; 3: 67; 492; 4: 246
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Vol IV. p. 246 Dr. S. Cabot states that habits of Meleagris ocellata has very different habits from common Turkey, (hence cannot be general stock of ours: Temminck mention a hooped variety of Turkey p. 249 builds in trees - quotes Audubon that the gulls on one of the small isld near coast of Labrador, in consequence of the persecution which they have met with now build in trees - see to this. (Q) (a) mem. Mr Brent says custom-house officer kept carrier to tell when suspected smugglers, set out
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F1574f
Pamphlet:
de Beer, Gavin, Rowlands, M. J. and Skramovsky, [Mrs] B. M. eds. 1967. Darwin's notebooks on transmutation of species. Part VI. Pages excised by Darwin. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Historical Series 3 (5) (21 March): 129-176.
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June 18th . Eyton57 tells me that Yarrell58 knows of a Gull which has laid in domestication eggs of two shapes colour Eyton has observed same thing in 169 Brent Goose Eyton says some of the pidgeons in common Dovecot are very like a Himalaya species leuconotes. Magazine of Nat. History 1839 p. 106. Waterhouse59 refers to fossil remains of the Hamster. is not this Siberian animal? Eyton60 says that the young of two hatches all alike between the male Chinese female common goose took after the
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[excised, located in CUL-DAR208] Owen1 Linn. Soc. April 2d 1839. The Lepidosiren. — Amblyrhyncus Toxodon, all equally aberrant — the two former connecting classes like Toxodon in orders. — Fish reptiles in former case — Reptiles Birds Mamm. in Amblyrhynchus — is not this right? — June 18th . Eyton2 tells me that Yarrell3 knows of a Gull which has laid in domestication eggs of two shapes colour — Eyton has observed same thing in Brent Goose 1 Richard Owen, Description of the Lepidosiren
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CUL-DAR208.53
Note:
[1838--1839]
Notebook E: 139, 140, 165, 166, 167, 168 (excised pages)
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Owen1 Linn. Soc. April 2d 1839. The Lepidosiren. — Amblyrhyncus Toxodon, all equally aberrant — the two former connecting classes like Toxodon in orders. — Fish reptiles in former case — Reptiles Birds Mamm. in Amblyrhynchus — is not this right? — June 18th . Eyton2 tells me that Yarrell3 knows of a Gull which has laid in domestication eggs of two shapes colour — Eyton has observed same thing in Brent Goose 1 Richard Owen, Description of the Lepidosiren annectens , Trans. Linn. Soc. London
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Brent B.P. Bessel's Green Riverhead. per Fendell carrier.— Bernard Peirce Brent (1822-1867), pigeon-breeder, bird-fancier and author. Also listed on p. 5. Fendell the carrier has not been found. Benson W.H. 28 Grt. George St. Portman Sq William Henry Benson (1803-1870), zoologist, conchologist. Bentham G. 91 Victoria St. latest minutes 25 Wilton Place S.W. George Bentham (1800-1884), botanist. Moved from Victoria Street in 1861. Darwin might refer to minutes of the Horticultural Society of
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recollections here and the feud here. Also listed below. Buckland F. 37 Albany St. Regents Park N.W. Francis Trevelyan 'Frank' Buckland. Listed above. Bornet Dr. E. Ville Thuret Antibes, Alpes Maritimes France. Jean-Baptiste-Édouard Bornet (1828-1911), French botanist. Brent B. P. Parkhurst, Buxted Uckfield. Bernard Peirce Brent. Listed twice above. Bates H. W. 40 Bartholomew Rd. Kentish Town. Henry Walter Bates. Also on p. 4. Blyth E. 7 Princess Terrace, Regent's Park N. W. 21 Chalcot Crescent 12
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Patterson R. 6 College Sq. N. Belfast Guardian of W. Thompson's collections} Robert Patterson (1802-1872), naturalist and merchant. One of the executors of William Thompson (listed below) who died in 1852. See Darwin to Patterson 6 April [1854] Correspondence vol. 5 and Praeger 1935. Paste for drying on paper, made of equal part of flour gum} A recipe for making adhesive for scientific labels for bottles of specimens etc. as recommended, for example, by Michael Faraday in Chemical manipulation
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birds. 2 vols. Halifax. Cuvier, Georges. 1830. Éloge historique de Louis-François-Elisabeth Baron Ramond. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France. Histoire de l'Académie. Analyse des travaux de l'Académie royale des sciences, pendant l'année 1826, pp. clxix-cc. Ferguson, George. 1854. Ferguson's illustrated series of rare and prize poultry. London. [Darwin Library-CUL] Memoirs of the Board of Agriculture of New York. New York. 1823-6. Naudin, Charles. 1852. Considérations
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171. Malay Hen Mr Brent. Nov. 11. 1858. 172. Silver laced Poland Cock. Mr Tegetmeier. Jan 5 /59/ 173 White-silk Hen with Black skin comb. [26v
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Hen 4 years old skeleton Mr Brent. do 85. White Dorking Bred. Hen 5 years old. Mr Brent. Skeleton .do. 86 Game Hen. (dusky) 1 year old. Skeleton. Mr Brent. June 27th. 56 87. Red Swallow Mr Wicking per Mr Orens July 11. Skeleton do. do. do. 88 Blue Swallow. white bars [16v
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43. Almond Tumbler, bred by self alone 6 months old: skeleton: (March. 6th 1856.) perhaps wd. have grown larger. 44. tongue of do. 45 Barb 1 day old March 6 /56/ 46. Wing. left of (32) Pencilled Bolton Bay of (37) Golden Spangled do 47. Hamburgh Poland 48. Cochin Cock. from Mr Brent. excellent bird 49. Wing of do 50 Hen Dragon. (my Bird) bought from Mr Brent. Skeleton 51. Tongue of do. [12v
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, with reversed feather. Madras. W. Elliot. 162. Burmese Hen, from Miss Watts from Mr Brent. Skeleton Sept. 20th See letter from Bernard Peirce Brent 15 June 1861. CCD. Elizabeth Watts. She is listed in Darwin's Address Book. [24v
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89. Hook-billed Drake. Skeleton. July 19./56 90. Tongue of do. 91. Rabbit, good lop-eared Doe; 11 months old from Mr Brent. 92. Pencilled Bolton Bay or Golden Pencilled (ie Hamburgh) cock. 2 years old. Mr Briggs property, from Mr Brent skeleton, July 30th 93. Fan-tail 18 hours old. 94. Game Cock. excellent Mr Edwards, cross of Red Black Brest. Aug 10th 95. Almond Tumbler 1 day old or less. Aug. 12th. (I do not feel sure not tainted by former Cross with Barb) 96. Common Pouter 1 day old. Aug
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1856 97. Old fashioned Canary (Skeleton) Mr Brent. Aug 22 98. Victoria Runt. Mr Tegetmeier. Aug. 26th (Skeleton) 99. Hen Silver Runt Baily (own) Aug 29th 100 do. Tongue of. 101.Tailless. White Cock. (Tenby) Skeleton, 3d 102. Buck Rabbit Fancy (no relation of N.r. 91) lop-eared hare-coloured Brest. Sept 12. Mr Brent 103 Canary Bird Turn-crowned v. Bechstein p. 399. vol 3. do do. like wild but yellow beneath 104. Black Bald-head Mr Orens. Wicking Skin. Sept 13th 56 104 Bis tongue of do. [18v
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32. Pencilled Bolton Bay Hen. from Mr Brent. Feb. 15. /56/ Skeleton 33. Archangel Pigeon. from Mr Tegetmeier. neither history, or age or sex known. Canary caught by Mr Wollaston in Madeira in open air. for skeleton 35. Rabbit from Madeira Porto Santo from Mr. W. Skeleton 36. do do P. Santo. skin. 37. Golden spangled, black bearded Poland Cock bought for me by Mr. Tegetmeier at Stevens sale: a very good Bird. Topknot, however too white [10v
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1856 122. White Call Drake (from Baker) Skeleton Nov 7th. 123. African Cockerel. Dr. Daniell. Sierra Leone 124. Spanish or Minorca Cock. H. Hennings. 125. Roller Skin 126 Dun Dragon My own breeding full grown skeleton my old pair. Nov 7th 127 Frill-Back skeleton 128 Frill Back skin 129. Col. King Dovecot, from Hebrides. Skeleton. Nov. 17th. 130 Spot. Hen My own. do Dec. 5th 131 Trumpeter Cock. My own. Mr Cotton do do 132 Laugher. from Mr Brent do do [21v
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163. 4, 5. African Dovecots skins 166. Wild Antrom Rabbit, sent me by Mr Patterson Skeleton 167. Black B. Ayres Drake. Mr Brent. Dec. 29. 57 Skeleton 168 White Call Drake (W. D. Fox) Feb. 24. (58) Skeleton 169 170.} Young Rock Pigeons about 20 hours old from Col. King The white little crested Rumpless Fowls are pure Turkish The black crested rumpless Fowls are cross from black do Poland Cock Mr Tegetmeier. [25v
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No 20 Almond Tumbler 10 days old. My own Bird Dec. 15' 1855 No 21. Columba Œnas. Stock Dove from skeleton. Mr Brent 3 years old. 22 Dragon, believed to be 12 hours old at most, in spirits Jan 20th 1856 23. Black beard cock.– very highly bred. Harrison Weir: only 9 primaries 10 tail feathers. Hind toe seem long. 1 primary very little longer than 3d shorter than 2d. certainly 11 secondaries I nearly certain Mr Bults Pouter has 13 secondaries much longer under wing coverts. 24. Jacobin Red
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25. Pouter. Mr Bult Skin (nearly 1 year old) body to be skeletonised. 26 see Back 27 Mr Christy Hen. Carrier, said to be from Antwerp with cross of Dragon. skin 28 Tongue, Trachea bronchi of a Runtish Pigeon, I shd guess 2/3 Runt, bought from fish man. Feb 12/56. 29. Rock Dovecot Pigeon (I think chequered) which had been shot, from Mr Baker, probably leadenhall market Skin. Feb.13/56/ 30 Tongue of do in spirits 31. White collared Turtle Mr Brent. skeleton old cock. [9v
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38. Lop-eared Hare coloured Rabbit, from Mr. Turnbull for skeletons. (Feb 27 56) see notes on. 39. Canary Bird. 3/4 Belgian. Mr Brent. (Feb 28 56) rather larger than wild no other difference. On one side 1st primary longer than all others. 9 primaries 12 caudals. Upper mandible a trace more flattened along the ridge Skeleton. 40. Wood Pigeons 1 3d Primary equal. 1st very little shorter than 2d. 10 Primaries 12 caudals tail longer in proportion. Skeleton. 41. Scanderooon Mr Baker skeleton 42
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67. Fan-tail one day old (?) May 25th /56/ 68. oil-gland in ray of Barb, believed 1 day old. 69. Wild Rock-Pigeon. (Skin) from Shetland Isd. Dr. L. Edmonston. May 31. 56 70 Left leg of do tongue of do. 71. Skeleton of body of do. 72. Angora Rabbit, from Mr Stephens sale. skeleton. June 3d 73. Speckled Grey Dorking Cock. skeleton: W. Fox. June 3d 74. Wild Rabbit, Down. Mr Salomon small (not young?) June 4th) 75. Cock Belgian Canary about 9. month old. Mr Brent. Jun 10 76. Turbit. from Mr Baker
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133. Blue Carrier. Mr Corker. Skeleton 1' Rat Bird. Dec 8'/56/ 134 Tongue of do 135. Silk Hen black skinned from Mr Brent. Dec. 16th Skeleton 136. Tumbler old Black Cock (my own) Skeleton Dec. 30. 137. Runt, died in hatching, from Mr Tegetmeier. Gullivers Bird Jan 18. 57 138 Black Buenos Ayres Drake. (Carstang) Skeleton Feb. 13th. 57/ 139. Chick of Negro Silk Fowl. about 12 hour before Hatching; for comparison of plumage 140 Young carrier Pigeon Mr Hayne, in act of Hatching Feb. 23d 57. 141
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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great facility, are raised in large numbers in the U. States for the table, as I was informed by Dr. Bachman; so that, as I infer, most of the eggs must be fertile/ 81 v/but even in this case Mr. Garnett of Clitheroe who has raised many of these hybrids from reciprocal crosses, informs me that the proportion of good eggs is not so great as with the Common Duck. /81/Mr. Brent, tells me that in his crosses between the canary-bird, gold-finch, Linnet green-linnet (Loxia chloris) he has often had the
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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-bee), cohabitation within same nests of varieties, 372, and with allied species, 509 n 2 Bombycilla (wax-wing), variable wax-like appendages, 310 Bombyx mori (silkworm moth), egg production, 176 n 2 Bonaparte, Prince Charles Lucien Mouflon, known as roe in Sardinia, 426 n 1 Varieties of birds, 115 n 2 Bonnet, C. Alternating brood types of the Angoumois moth, 517 n 4 Ants cease to move eggs if proper temperature prevails, 501 Boreau, Alexandre Common, vigorous, and wide-ranging plants vary most
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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locales, 518 n 3 Thornton, Colonel Long stance of pointers, 484 Thouin, A. Rodina does not seed after grafting, 420 Thuret, Gustave Crosses of Fucus, 413, 422 Thwaites, Acclimatisation of plants to different altitudes, 286 First generation hybrids of Fuchsia differ markedly, 446 n 5 Thymus drucei (thyme), fertilised by insects, 57 Thysanoptera (thrips), fertilise plants, 49, 55, 68 Tierra del Fuego: see Darwin, Charles and Hooker Timalia, bill important for identification, yet variable, 327 Todd
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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other insects on them certain birds ad infinitum. To attempt to follow the mutual action reaction in any one case, would be as hopeless ensued, which terminated in the ultimate discomfiture of the invaders, but not until they had killed one man and wounded several others.'] 1 Gosse's Sojourn p. 447. 2 Wrangell's Travels p. 48. [i.e. Wrangel, Eocpedition to Polar Sea]. 3 [Darwin left a space between brackets here in his manuscript for a reference to be supplied later.] 4 [Darwin left blank spaces
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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spermatozoa in Mammals Birds are in the same state as in pure species in the intervals of rut.5 Gartener6 advances some evidence, but hardly sufficient in my opinion, showing that in hybrid animals; as with hybrid plants, the male sex fails easier than the female: I shall presently give a very striking case of this 1 Bechstein, Stubenvogel 1840 4 Edit. s. 247. Mr. Brent has made the same remark to me. 2 Lucas on authority of Bomare. H r d: Nat. Tom 2. p. 185. 3 Communication to Board of Agriculture vol I
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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the case of the hybrids themselves from the Canary other finches, in the few instances in which they have bred the 1 Flourens de la Longevite Humaine 1855. p. 156. [Darwin added in pencil (one wonders when): 'See my paper on Species of Primula for additional facts.' See Darwin, 'On the Character and Hybrid-like Nature of the Offspring from the Illegitimate Unions of Dimorphic and Trimorphic Plants.' Linn. Soc. London. J. Rot., 10 (1869), 433-4.] 2 Dict. Class. de Hist. Nat. Tom 3. p. 448
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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wish to doubt the common opinion that the Gallinaceae are eminently capable of hybridisation;4 I believe this to be case; but how much of this capacity to attribute to several species having been domesticated, to most of the species breeding readily under confinement, to the social habits of many, I know not. I strongly suspect that the great Pigeon Family, though several 1 Bechstein Stubenvogel 4 Edit. s. 248. Mr. Brent informs me that he has had these small eggs from a hybrid canary-goldfinch
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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common cow were more wild than the thorough-bred breed . I do not suppose that this increased wildness is invariable; it does not seem to be the case according to Mr. Eyton with the crossed offspring from the common Chinese geese; nor according to Mr. Brent with crossed birds from the Canary./41/In Norway, the Ponies are trained to obey the voice not the rein: Andrew Knight imported some of them he states2 that the horse-breakers complain certainly with very good reason, that it is 1 On
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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is known5 it is not there migratory; nor is our common Swift, though belonging to a group of birds, almost emblematical of migration. A Brent goose, which had been wounded, lived for nineteen years in confinement; for about the first twelve years, every spring at the migratory period, it became very uneasy, would, like other confined individuals of this species, wander as far northward 1 Mr. Gould has observed this fact in Malta in Tasmania in the southern hemisphere. Bechstein (Stubenv gel 1840
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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to mere memory. It is a true instinct which leads the pinioned Brent goose to try to escape northward; but how the bird distinguishes north south we know not. Nor do we know how a bird which starts in the night as many do, to traverse the ocean, keeps its course, as if provided with a compass. But we should be very cautious in attributing to migratory animals any capacity in this respect, which we do not ourselves possess; though certainly in them carried to a wonderful perfection. To give one
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CUL-DAR205.7.223
Note:
1856.02.00
Mr Brent / not much difference in the crosses between the mongrels of
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [223] Utility Mr Brent Feb. 56. — not much difference in the crosses between Canary the mongrels of Canary Birds goldfinches, linnets green-finches, except so far as colour of Canary birds differ themselves. Also 1 goldfinch out of 60 has white or black under throat. — His Hybrid canaries have never Does bred. — The Belgian Canary longer banded
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CUL-DAR10.1.(1-78)
Draft:
1857
'Natural selection' chapter 5 (The struggle for existence as bearing on natural selection)
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increase infinitely: I can adduce one check, namely a fly maggot of some fly, which breeds in their nostrils, which destroys thousands in Surrey, as I have seen, in parts of Kent, as I have been informed by Mr. Brent. But the Dean might have asked with still more force (2
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [241] [top left corner damaged] (241 Sect. 7. Instincts [tures] to give a single instance Le Roy describes a dog, of whose , great-grand parents, one was a wolf, this dog showed a trace of its wild parentage only in not coming in a straight line to his master when called. Domestic instincts are sometimes spoken of as actions which have become inherited simply from long continued compulsory habit; but this, I think, is incorrect. No one would ever have
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F373
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.
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tumbler-pigeon to tumble,—an action which, as I have witnessed, is performed by young birds, that have never seen a pigeon tumble. We may believe that some one pigeon showed a slight tendency to this strange habit, and that the long-continued selection of the best individuals in successive generations made tumblers what they now are; and near Glasgow there are house-tumblers, as I hear from Mr. Brent, which cannot fly eighteen inches high without going head over heels. It may be doubted whether
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PC-Virginia-Francis-F373
Printed:
1859
On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. [Francis Darwin's copy]
London
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tumbler-pigeon to tumble,—an action which, as I have witnessed, is performed by young birds, that have never seen a pigeon tumble. We may believe that some one pigeon showed a slight tendency to this strange habit, and that the long-continued selection of the best individuals in successive generations made tumblers what they now are; and near Glasgow there are house-tumblers, as I hear from Mr. Brent, which cannot fly eighteen inches high without going head over heels. It may be doubted whether
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F373
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.
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least injure, as I know by trial, the germination of seeds; now after a bird has found and devoured a large supply of food, it is positively asserted that all the grains do not pass into the gizzard for 12 or even 18 hours. A bird in this interval might easily be blown to the distance of 500 miles, and hawks are known to look out for tired birds, and the contents of their torn crops might thus readily get scattered. Mr. Brent informs me that a friend of his had to give up flying carrier
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F373
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.
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, 304. Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 363. Branchiæ, 190. Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 214. ——, on hawks killing pigeons, 362. Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 217. Britain, mammals of, 395. Bronn on duration of specific forms, 293. Brown, Robert, on classification, 414. Buckman on variation in plants, 10. Buzareingues on sterility of varieties, 270. CLIMATE. C. Cabbage, varieties of, crossed, 99. Calceolaria, 251. Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 252. Cape de Verde islands, 398. Cape of
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PC-Virginia-Francis-F373
Printed:
1859
On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. [Francis Darwin's copy]
London
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least injure, as I know by trial, the germination of seeds; now after a bird has found and devoured a large supply of food, it is positively asserted that all the grains do not pass into the gizzard for 12 or even 18 hours. A bird in this interval might easily be blown to the distance of 500 miles, and hawks are known to look out for tired birds, and the contents of their torn crops might thus readily get scattered. Mr. Brent informs me that a friend of his had to give up flying carrier
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PC-Virginia-Francis-F373
Printed:
1859
On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. [Francis Darwin's copy]
London
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, 304. Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 363. Branchiæ, 190. Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 214. ——, on hawks killing pigeons, 362. Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 217. Britain, mammals of, 395. Bronn on duration of specific forms, 293. Brown, Robert, on classification, 414. Buckman on variation in plants, 10. Buzareingues on sterility of varieties, 270. CLIMATE. C. Cabbage, varieties of, crossed, 99. Calceolaria, 251. Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 252. Cape de Verde islands, 398. Cape of
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F376
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1860. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 2d ed., second issue.
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seen a pigeon tumble. We may believe that some one pigeon showed a slight tendency to this strange habit, and that the long-continued selection of the best individuals in successive generations made tumblers what they now are; and near Glasgow there are house-tumblers, as I hear from Mr. Brent, which cannot fly eighteen inches high without going head over heels. It may be doubted whether any one would have thought of training a dog to point, had not some one dog naturally shown a tendency in this
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F376
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1860. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 2d ed., second issue.
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might thus readily get scattered. Mr. Brent informs me that a friend of his had to give up flying carrier-pigeons from France to England, as the hawks on the English coast destroyed so many on their arrival. Some hawks and owls bolt their prey whole, and after an interval of from twelve to twenty hours, disgorge pellets, which, as I know from experiments made in the Zoological Gardens, include seeds capable of germination. Some seeds of the oat, wheat, millet, canary, hemp, clover, and beet
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F376
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1860. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 2d ed., second issue.
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., on fossil Chthamalus, 305. Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 363. Branchiæ, 190. Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 214. ——, on hawks killing pigeons, 362. Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 217. Britain, mammals of, 396. Bronn on duration of specific forms, 294. Brown, Robert, on classification, 415. Buckman on variation in plants, 10. Buzareingues on sterility of varieties, 270. C. Cabbage, varieties of, crossed, 99. Calceolaria, 251. Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 252. Cape de Verde islands
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F380
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1860. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. New York: D. Appleton. New edition, revised and augmented.
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witnessed, is performed by young birds, that have never seen a pigeon tumble. We may believe that some one pigeon showed a slight tendency to this strange habit, and that the long-continued selection of the best individuals in successive generations made tumblers what they now are; and near Glasgow there are house-tumblers, as I hear from Mr. Brent, which cannot fly eighteen inches high without going head over heels. It may be doubted whether any one would have thought of training a dog to point
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F380
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1860. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. New York: D. Appleton. New edition, revised and augmented.
Text
Image
PDF
found and devoured a large supply of food, it is positively asserted that all the grains do not pass into the gizzard for 12 or even 18 hours. A bird in this interval might easily be blown to the distance of 500 miles, and hawks are known to look out for tired birds, and the contents of their torn crops might thus readily get scattered. Mr. Brent informs me that a friend of his had to give up flying carrier-pigeons from France to England, as the hawks on the English coast destroyed so many on their
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