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Esq 11 Lyndhurst Villas Lyndhurst Rd Peckham. Harrison William Weir (1824-1906), painter, illustrator and pigeon breeder, his 1857 address. His surviving letters to Darwin (1868-1871) give 9 Lyndhurst Road. Westwood J. O. St. Peters Hannover St. John Obadiah periodical=" target="_blank">Westwood (1805-1893), entomologist and palaeographer. See The Complete Library of Charles Darwin. W. Closet Regulators from Bolton Son. Cranford st. Clerkenwell W. closet = water closet. It is not known that Down
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78. Blue Swallow Mr Baker. Skeleton: June 13. 1856. 79. Red Spot, bred by myself 3-4 month old. June 13th 56/ Skeleton Barb from Mr Orens. I think youngish one year old from Mr. H. Weir. Skeleton 80. Silver Turbit. Mr Wicking skeleton. 81. Chicken of Polish Fowl. Mr Tegetmeier: just chirping in egg. Jun 22/56/ 82. Fantail. Mr Baker. Skeleton. June 23r (2 Turbit sent at time) 83. Seraitahook or Sultan Hen skeleton Mr Brent. 1 year old. June 27th /56/ 84. Silver Pencilled Bottom Grey or Hamburgh
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1856 97. Old fashioned Canary (Skeleton) Mr Brent. Aug 22 98. Victoria Runt. Mr Tegetmeier. Aug. 26th (Skeleton) 99. Hen Silver Runt Baily (own) Aug 29th 100 do. Tongue of. 101.Tailless. White Cock. (Tenby) Skeleton, 3d 102. Buck Rabbit Fancy (no relation of N.r. 91) lop-eared hare-coloured Brest. Sept 12. Mr Brent 103 Canary Bird Turn-crowned v. Bechstein p. 399. vol 3. do do. like wild but yellow beneath 104. Black Bald-head Mr Orens. Wicking Skin. Sept 13th 56 104 Bis tongue of do. [18v
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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entrance, 503 White, Variability: Horns, thorax and head of male Chalcosoma, 313; Muzzle of lantern fly and thoracic projections of Umbonia, 314 White, Walter Snail frees itself from crevice, 471 Wicking, Breeds of pigeon prefer to mate with own kind when offered choice, 258 Wiegmann, Arend Friedrich Contabescence in Dianthus and Verbascum, 85 Confidence in Sprengel, 47 n 1 Hybrids: Dog x Wolf resembles pointer, 453 Mongrels: Varieties of cabbage cross easily, 48 n* a; retain blended nature, 448
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F1583
Book:
Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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The following facts show that this is possible. After matching for experiment the most distinct breeds of Pigeons, the birds, though paired for life, seemed to me to show plainly a liking each for its own kind, so that I was led to ask Mr. Wicking, who has kept a larger stock of various breeds together than any man probably in Britain, whether he thought the different breeds, supposing that there were plenty of males females of the same kind together, would prefer to match together; he without
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own kind, so that I was led to ask Mr. Wicking, who has kept a larger stock of various breeds together than any man probably in Britain, whether he thought the different breeds, supposing that there were plenty of males females of the same kind together, preferred to each other would prefer to match together; he without having any theory whether unhesitatingly answered that he was convinced that they did so would. (a) It has been asserted*(1) that sheep of different breeds turned out together
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F879.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. [1868]. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. With a preface by Asa Gray. New York: Orange Judd and Co. vol. 1.
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C.rupestris of Asia. Now we turn to the domestic races, it is highly remarkable, as an eminent fancier, Mr.Wicking, observed to me, that, whenever a blue bird appears in any race, the wings almost invariably show the double black bars.23 The primary wing-feathers may be white or black, and the whole body may be of any colour, but if the wing-coverts alone are blue, the two black bars surely appear. I have myself seen, or acquired trust-worthy evidence, as give below 24, of blue birds with
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F877.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 1.
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outer tail-feathers is not rare; but that the white croup is extremely rare, and the two black bars on the wings occur in no other pigeon, excepting the alpine C. leuconota and C. rupestris of Asia. Now if we turn to the domestic races, it is highly remarkable, as an eminent fancier, Mr. Wicking, observed to me, that, whenever a blue bird appears in any race, the wings almost invariably show the double black bars.23 The primary wing-feathers may be white or black, and the whole body may be 23 There
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F878.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 1.
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outer tail-feathers is not rare; but that the white croup is extremely rare, and the two black bars on the wings occur in no other pigeon, excepting the alpine C. leuconota and C. rupestris of Asia. Now if we turn to the domestic races, it is highly remarkable, as an eminent fancier, Mr. Wicking, observed to me, that, whenever a blue bird appears in any race, the wings almost invariably show the double black bars.23 The primary wing-feathers may be white or black, and the whole body may be 23 There
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F877.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 1.
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add a remark made to me by Mr. Wicking, who has had more experience than any other person in England in breeding pigeons of various colours: namely, that when a blue, or a blue and chequered bird, having black wing-bars, once appears in any race and is allowed to breed, these characters are so strongly transmitted that it is extremely difficult to eradicate them. What, then, are we to conclude from this tendency in all the chief domestic races, both when purely bred and more especially when
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F877.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 2.
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to their marriage vow, retained some desire after their own kind. Accordingly I asked Mr. Wicking, who had kept a larger stock of various breeds together than any man in England, whether he thought that they would prefer pairing with their own kind, supposing that there were males and females enough of each; and he without hesitation answered that he was convinced that this was the case. It has often been noticed that the dovecot pigeon seems to have an actual aversion towards the several fancy
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F877.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 2.
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fowls, turkeys, ducks, and geese is notorious; six-pound ducks are now common, whereas four pounds was formerly the average. As the actual time required to make a change has not often been recorded, it may be worth mentioning that it took Mr. Wicking thirteen years to put a clean white head on an almond tumbler's body, a triumph, says another fancier, of which he may be justly proud. 20 Mr. Tollet, of Betley Hall, selected cows, and especially bulls, descended from good milkers, for the sole
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F878.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 1.
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by Mr. Wicking, who has had more experience than any other person in England in breeding pigeons of various colours: namely, that when a blue, or a blue and chequered bird, having black wing-bars, once appears in any race and is allowed to breed, these characters are so strongly transmitted that it is extremely difficult to eradicate them. What, then, are we to conclude from this tendency in all the chief domestic races, both when purely bred and more especially when intercrossed, to produce
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F878.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 2.
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to their marriage vow, retained some desire after their own kind. Accordingly I asked Mr. Wicking, who has kept a larger stock of various breeds together than any man in England, whether he thought that they would prefer pairing with their own kind, supposing that there were males and females enough of each; and he without hesitation answered that he was convinced that this was the case. It has often been noticed that the dovecot pigeon seems to have an actual aversion towards the several fancy
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F878.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 2.
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fowls, turkeys, ducks, and geese is notorious; six-pound ducks are now common, whereas four pounds was formerly the average. As the actual time required to make a change has not often been recorded, it may be worth mentioning that it took Mr. Wicking thirteen years to put a clean white head on an almond tumbler's body, a triumph, says another fancier, of which he may be justly proud. 20 Mr. Tollet, of Betley Hall, selected cows, and especially bulls, descended from good milkers, for the sole
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F914.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen im Zustande der Domestication. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. vol. 1.
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Rasse ein blauer Vogel auftritt, die Flügel fast unveränderlich die doppelten schwarzen Binden darbieten 23 . Die Schwungfedern erster Reihe mögen weiss oder schwarz, der ganze Körper mag von irgend einer Farbe sein, sind aber die Flügeldeckfedern allein blau, so treten sicher die 23 Von dieser Regel gibt es eine Ausnahme, nämlich eine Subvarietät der Schwalbentaube deutschen Ursprungs, welche Neumeister abbildete und die mir Mr. Wicking gezeigt hat. Der Vogel ist blau, hat aber nicht die
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F879.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. [1868]. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. With a preface by Asa Gray. New York: Orange Judd and Co. vol. 1.
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trumpeter, a white fantail, a white red-spot, a red runt, and a blue pouter, was slaty-blue and chequered exactly like a dovecot-pigeon. I may here add a remark made to me by Mr. Wicking, who has had more experience than any other person in England in breeding pigeons of various colours: namely, that when a blue, or a blue and chequered bird, having black wing-bars, once appears in any race and is allowed to breed, these characters are so strongly transmitted that it is extremely difficult to
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F914.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen im Zustande der Domestication. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. vol. 2.
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verse iedenen Theilen von lndien II, 222; bestandige Ab 19; zur Verschmelzuung gekreuzter Rassen nothige Zeit II, 115. W hit e, Gilbert, vegetabilische Kost bei Hunden II, 402. Wich ura, Max, iiber Bastard-Wei den II, 65, 175, 352; Analogie zwi schen dem Pollen a;ltcultivirter Pflan- . zen und dem der Bastarde II, 354. Wicking, Mr., Vererbung der pri. maren Charactere der Columbia livia bei kreuzgez'il.chteten Tauben 248 ; Production eines weissen .liopfes bei Mandelburzlern II, 266
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F877.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 1.
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, with all these same characters. Fantails, with the same; but the croup in some was bluish or pure blue: Mr. Wicking bred blue fantails from two black birds. Carriers (including the Bagadotten of Neumeister), with all the marks: two birds which I examined had white, and two had blue croups; the white edging to the outer tail-feathers was not present in all. Mr. Corker, a great breeder, assures me that, if black carriers are matched for many successive generations, the offspring become first ash
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F878.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 1.
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, with all these same characters. Fantails with the same; but the croup in some was bluish or pure blue. Mr. Wicking bred blue fantails from two black birds. Carriers (including the Bagadotten of Neumeister) with all the marks: two birds which I examined had white, and two had blue croups; the white edging to the outer tail-feathers was not present in all. Mr. Corker, a great breeder, assures me that, if black carriers are matched for many successive generations, the offspring become first ash
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F877.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 2.
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amputation, ii. 14; time occupied in the blending of crossed races, ii. 87. WHITE, Gilbert, vegetable diet of dogs, ii. 303. WHITE and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, ii. 336-337. WHITE flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, ii. 20. WICHURA, Max, on hybrid willows, ii. 50, 131, 267; analogy between the pollen of old-cultivated plants, and of hybrids, ii. 268. WICKING, Mr., inheritance of the primary characters of Columba livia in crossbred pigeons, i. 201; production of a white head in
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F878.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 2.
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crossed races, ii. 87. WHITE, Gilbert, vegetable diet of dogs, ii. 303. WHITE and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, ii. 336-337. WHITE flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, ii. 20. WICHURA, Max, on hybrid willows, ii. 50, 131, 267; analogy between the pollen of old-cultivated plants, and of hybrids, ii. 268. WICKING, Mr., inheritance of the primary characters of Columba livia in crossbred pigeons, i. 201; production of a white head in almond tumblers, ii. 199. WICKSTED, Mr., on
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F912.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. De la variation des animaux et des plantes sous l'action de la domestication. Translated by J. J. Moulinié. Preface by Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald. vol. 1.
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extérieures n'est pas rare ; mais le croupion blanc l'est extrêmement, et les deux barres noires des ailes ne se rencontrent dans aucun autre Pigeon que les espèces alpines C. leuconota et rupestris d'Asie. Pour en revenir aux races domestiques, il est très-remarquable, comme me l'a signalé un éleveur distingué, M. Wicking, que toutes les fois que, dans une race quelconque, il naît un oiseau bleu, les ailes portent presque invariablement les doubles barres noires. Les rémiges primaires peuvent être
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F912.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. De la variation des animaux et des plantes sous l'action de la domestication. Translated by J. J. Moulinié. Preface by Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald. vol. 2.
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. Wicking, qui a élevé un plus grand nombre de races variées que qui que ce soit en Angleterre, s'il croyait que les pigeons préférassent s'apparier avec leurs semblables, en supposant qu'il y eût assez de mâles et de femelles de chaque sorte, et il m'a répondu qu'il était convaincu qu'il en était ainsi. On a souvent remarqué que le pigeon de colombier paraît avoir de l'aversion pour les races de fantaisie[8], et cependant les uns et les autres descendent d'un ancêtre commun. Le Rév. W. D. Fox
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F912.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. De la variation des animaux et des plantes sous l'action de la domestication. Translated by J. J. Moulinié. Preface by Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald. vol. 2.
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actuellement communs, la moyenne était autrefois de quatre livres. Comme on n'a pas souvent indiqué le temps nécessaire pour opérer un changement, je citerai qu'il a fallu à M. Wicking, treize ans pour donner au Culbutant amande une tête blanche, « un triomphe dont, » dit un autre éleveur, « il peut être fier à juste titre[20]. » M. Tollet, de Betley Hall, a choisi des vaches et surtout des taureaux descendant de bonnes laitières, dans l'unique but d'améliorer chez son bétail la production du
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F880.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 1.
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remarkable, as an eminent fancier, Mr. Wicking, observed to me, that, whenever a blue bird appears in any race, the wings almost invariably show the double black bars.23 The primary wing-feathers may be white or black, and the whole body may be of any colour, but if the wing-coverts are blue, the two black bars are sure to appear. I have myself seen, or acquired trustworthy evidence, as given below,24 of 23 There is one exception to the rule, namely, in a sub-variety of the Swallow of German origin
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F880.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 1.
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me by Mr. Wicking, who has had more experience than any other person in England in breeding pigeons of various colours: namely, that when a blue, or a blue and chequered bird, having black wing-bars, once appears in any race and is allowed to breed, these characters are so strongly transmitted that it is extremely difficult to eradicate them. What, then, are we to conclude from this tendency in all the chief domestic races, both when purely bred and more especially when intercrossed, to produce
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F880.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 2.
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of pigeons, it frequently appeared to me that the birds, though faithful to their marriage vow, retained some desire after their own kind. Accordingly I asked Mr. Wicking, who has kept a larger stock of various breeds together than any man in England, whether he thought that they would prefer pairing with their own kind, supposing that there were males and females enough of each; and he without hesitation answered that he was convinced that 6 For the Norfolk sheep, see Marshall's 'Rural Economy
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F880.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 2.
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been recorded, it may be worth mentioning that it took Mr. Wicking thirteen years to put a clean white head on an almond tumbler's body, a triumph, says another fancier, of which he may be justly proud. 20 Mr. Tollet, of Betley Hall, selected cows, and especially bulls, descended from good milkers, for the sole purpose of improving his cattle for the production of cheese; he steadily tested the milk with the lactometer, and in eight years he increased, as I was informed by him, the product in
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F880.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 2.
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silk-moth, i. 319. WHITE, Mr., reproduction of supernumerary digits after amputation, i. 459; time occupied in the blending of crossed races, ii. 64. WHITE, GILBERT, vegetable diet of dogs, ii. 293. WHITE and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, ii. 330, 331. WHITE flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, i. 463. WICHURA, MAX, on hybrid willows, ii. 25, 111, 255; analogy between the pollen of old-cultivated plants and of hybrids, ii. 256. WICKING, Mr., inheritance of the primary
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F913.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1879. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 1.
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observer un éleveur distingué, M. Wicking, toutes les fois que chez une race quelconque il naît un oiseau bleu, les ailes portent presque invariablement les doubles barres noires 23. Les rémiges primaires peuvent être blanches ou noires et le corps affecter une couleur quelconque ; mais si les rectrices des ailes sont bleues, les deux barres noires apparaissent sûrement. J'ai vu par moi-même, et je sais par des documents dignes de foi indiqués dans la note ci-dessous 2t, qu'il existe des oiseaux
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F913.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1879. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 1.
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218 PIGEONS DOMESTIQUES. bleu ardoisé et tacheté exactement comme un pigeon de colombier. Je puis ajouter une assertion de M. Wicking, l'éleveur qui, en Angleterre, a le plus d'expérience dans l'élevage des pigeons de diverses couleurs : quand un oiseau bleu, ou bleu et tacheté, ayant des barres alaires noires, apparaît dans une race, et qu'on le laisse reproduire, ces caractères se transmettent avec une telle énergie, qu'il est excessivement difficile de les extirper. Que devons-nous donc
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F913.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1879. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 1.
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rivale de pigeons Grosse-gorge et m'en a donné quelques-uns. J'ai eu accès dans celle de N Wicking, qui renferme un assortiment de variétés comme on n'en saurait voir ailleurs ; le propriétaire s'est mis à ma disposition avec la plus grande obligeance. Je dois à MMi Haynes et Corker des spécimens de leurs magnifiques Messagers; de même à M. Ilarri-son Weir. Je ne dois pas omettre l'assistance que j'ai trouvée auprès de MM. J.-M. Eaton, Baker, Evans et J. Baily jeune ; ce dernier pour quelques
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F913.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1880. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 2.
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pigeons, je dus accoupler plusieurs des formes les plus distinctes, il m'a souvent semblé que les oiseaux, tout en restant fidèles à leur compagne, conservaient quelque préférence pour leur propre race. En conséquence, j'ai demandé à M. Wicking, qui a élevé en Angleterre un nombre considérable de races variées, s'il croyait que les pigeons préférassent s'apparier avec leurs semblables, en supposant qu'il y eût assez de mâles et de femelles de chaque sorte ; il m'a répondu qu'il en était
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F913.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1880. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 2.
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hybrides, il, 16, 117, 268 ; analogie entre le pollen de plantes trcs-anciennement cultivées, et celui des hybrides, n, 268. Wicking, M. Hérédité chez les pigeons croisés des caractères primitifs du Columba livia, i, 212 ; apparition d'une tôte blanche chez les Culbutants amandes, n, 192. Wicksted, M. Cas de stérilité individuelle, il, 153. Wiegmann. Croisement spontané de pois blancs et bleus, i, 442 ; croisements de variétés du chou, n, 116 ; sur la contabescence, n, 157. Wight (Dr). Stérilité
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