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Gosse Canadian naturalist in Entomolog. Soc. [Gosse 1840] Duchesne's Works (on avatism in Linn Soc) Hort. Soc. [Duchesne 1766] Count Dandalo on silk worm Eng. Translat 1825 — Murray [Dandolo 1825] /good/ In Library of Entomological Society many allied Books Mrs Whitby [Whitby 1848] Gleanings in Nat. Hist in Knowsly. Ld Derby (Royal. Soc) many facts on breeding c c [J. E. Gray 1846-50] Grabas. Ornith. Voyage to Feroe in German (read) [Graba 1830] Gardner's Brazil in Geolog Soc. [Gardner 1846
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Gowen, Royle, Horsfield Sykes p. 12 Maer p. 13 Questions c. July. 1842. — Shrewsbury p. 14 Henslow (2d time) p. 14 — Father. And. Smith Dr Holland p. 16 Babington — Gould 10. (a) J. Gray 17 Yarrell 18 Blyth 19 — Mr Tollett Zool Soc Gardens 20 Breeders Dr Boott Horticulturists p. 21 - 23 Eyton p. 22 Schomburgk — 1 Jordan Smith. p. 1 Sowerby Cuming — p.1 Owen p. 17 III Hooker p. 17 Mrs Whitby. Newlands Lymington Hants. Habits of different caterpillar races. — Name of Italian who sold eggs.— (
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F3414
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1972. [Letters to Mary Anne Theresa Whitby, 1847 and 1849]. In Colp, Ralph, Jr., Charles Darwin and Mrs. Whitby. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 2d ser. 48: 870-76.
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [page] 872 […] It is not known how Charles Darwin learned about Mrs. Whitby: whether from his close friend Charles Lyell, from other friends, or from the Farmer's Journal (he was an omnivorous reader of periodicals), or when he and she were first in contact. Evidences of their contacts, arranged in chronological sequence, are the Lehigh letter, some passages in Darwin's book The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, and the Academy
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F877.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 1.
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sometimes formed, as is well known, entirely destitute of silk, which yet produce moths; unfortunately Mrs. Whitby was prevented by an accident from ascertaining whether this character would prove hereditary. Adult stage.—I can find no account of any constant difference in the moths of the most distinct races. Mrs. Whitby assured me that there was none in the several kinds bred by her; and I have received a similar statement from the eminent naturalist M. de Quatrefages. Captain Hutton also
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F878.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 1.
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sometimes formed, as is well known, entirely destitute of silk, which yet produce moths; unfortunately Mrs. Whitby was prevented by an accident from ascertaining whether this character would prove hereditary. Adult stage. I can find no account of any constant difference in the moths of the most distinct races. Mrs. Whitby assured me that there was none in the several kinds bred by her; and I have received a similar statement from the eminent naturalist M. de Quatrefages. Captain Hutton also says74
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F914.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen im Zustande der Domestication. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. vol. 1.
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Cocons sich bei einer Rasse in Frankreich von hundert bis auf fünfunddreissig unter Tausend vermindert hat. Nach Robinet ist die weisse, Sina genannte, Rasse durch sorgfältige Zuchtwahl während der letzten 75 Jahre arrivee ä un tel etat de purete, qu'on ne voit pas un seul cocon jaune dans des millions des cocons blaues 73 . Zuweilen werden, wie bekanut ist, Cocons gebildet vollständig ohne Seide, welche dennoch Schmetterlinge erzeugen. Unglücklicherweise wurde Mrs. Whitby durch einen Zufall
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F879.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. [1868]. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. With a preface by Asa Gray. New York: Orange Judd and Co. vol. 1.
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been reduced in France from one hundred to thirty-five in the thousand. According to Robinet, the white race, called Sina, by careful selection during the last seventy-five years, est arriv e un tel tat de puret , quon ne voit pas un seul cocon jaune dans des millions de cocons blancs. 73 Cocoons are sometimes formed, as is well known, entirely destitute of silk, which yet produce moths; unfortunately Mrs. Whitby was prevented by an accident from ascertaining whether this character would prove
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F879.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. [1868]. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. With a preface by Asa Gray. New York: Orange Judd and Co. vol. 1.
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succeeding spring, (pp. 149, 298) nearly all the caterpillars reared from them were dark-brindled, and the tints became still darker in the third generation. The moths reared from these caterpillars71 also became darker, and resembled in colouring the wild B. Huttoni. On this view of the tiger-like marks being due to reversion, the persistency with which they are transmitted is intelligible. Several years ago Mrs. Whitby took great pains in breeding silk-worms on a large scale, and she informed me
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F914.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen im Zustande der Domestication. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. vol. 1.
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eines Rückschlags sind, wird die Persistenz, mit welcher sie übertragen werden, verständlich. Vor mehreren Jahren gab sich Mrs. Whitby grosse Mühe, Seidenwürmer in grossem Maassstabe zu erziehen und sie theilte mir mit, dass einige ihrer Raupen dunkle Augenbrauen hätten. Wahrscheinlich ist dies der erste Schritt zu einer Rückkehr zu den tigerähnlichen Zeichnungen und ich war neugierig zu erfahren, ob ein so unbedeutender Character vererbt werden würde. Auf meine Bitte trennte sie 1848 zwanzig von
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F914.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen im Zustande der Domestication. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. vol. 1.
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Y r erschiedenheit bei beiden Geschlechtern. Denn trotzdem ich bei der Vergleichung einer Anzahl von Männchen und Weibchen in der Entwickelung ihrer Flügel keine Differenz entdecken konnte, so versicherte mich doch Mrs. Whitby, dass die Männchen der von ihr gezüchteten Schmetterlinge ihre Flügel mehr gebrauchten als die Weibchen und nach abwärts flattern konnten, dagegen nie aufwärts. Sie führt auch an, dass wenn die Weibchen zuerst den Cocon verlassen, ihre Flügel weniger ausgebreitet sind, als
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F877.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., first issue. vol. 1.
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caterpillars reared from them were dark-brindled, and the tints became still darker in the third generation. The moths reared from these caterpillars71 also became darker, and resembled in colouring the wild B. Huttoni. On this view of the tiger-like marks being due to reversion, the persistency with which they are transmitted is intelligible. Several years ago Mrs. Whitby took great pains in breeding silkworms on a large scale, and she informed me that some of her caterpillars had dark eyebrows. This
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F878.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 1st ed., second issue. vol. 1.
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caterpillars reared from them were dark-brindled, and the tints became still darker in the third generation. The moths reared from these caterpillars71 also became darker, and resembled in colouring the wild B. Huttoni. On this view of the tiger-like marks being due to reversion, the persistency with which they are transmitted is intelligible. Several years ago Mrs. Whitby took great pains in breeding silkworms on a large scale, and she informed me that some of her caterpillars had dark eyebrows. This
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F879.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. [1868]. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. With a preface by Asa Gray. New York: Orange Judd and Co. vol. 1.
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ated. In the silk-moth both sexes have imperfect, crumpled wings, and are incapable of flight; but still there is a trace of the characteristic difference in the two sexes; for though, on comparing a number of males and females, I could detect no difference in the development of their wings, yet I was assured by Mrs. Whitby that the males of the moths bred by her used their wings more than the females, and could flutter downwards, though never upwards. She also states that, when the females
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F880.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 1.
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état de pureté, qu'on ne voit pas un seul cocon jaune dans des millions de cocons blancs. 75 Cocoons are sometimes formed, as is well known, entirely destitute of silk, which yet produce moths; unfortunately Mrs. Whitby was prevented by an accident from ascertaining whether this character would prove hereditary. Adult stage.—I can find no account of any constant difference in the moths of the most distinct races. Mrs. Whitby assured me that there was none in the several kinds bred by her; and I
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F880.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 1.
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wild B. huttoni. On this view of the tiger-like marks being due to reversion, the persistency with which they are transmitted is intelligible. Several years ago Mrs. Whitby took great pains in breeding silkworms on a large scale, and she informed me that some of her caterpillars had dark eyebrows. This is probably the first step in reversion towards the tiger-like marks, and I was curious to know whether so trifling a character would be inherited. At my request 71 Robinet, ibid., pp. 12, 318. I
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F880.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. 2d ed. vol. 1.
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though, on comparing a number of males and females, I could detect no difference in the development of their wings, yet I was assured by Mrs. Whitby that the males of the moths bred by her used their wings more than the females, and could flutter downwards, though never upwards. She also states that, when the females first emerge from the cocoon, their wings are less expanded than those of the male. The degree of imperfection, however, in the wings varies much in different races and under different
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F1817
Book:
Barrett, Paul H., Gautrey, Peter J., Herbert, Sandra, Kohn, David, Smith, Sydney eds. 1987. Charles Darwin's notebooks, 1836-1844: Geology, transmutation of species, metaphysical enquiries. British Museum (Natural History); Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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silkworms in 1844 (Whitby 1848, p. 62). IFC-1 Calendar. Letter 1113. 'To M. A. T. Whitby 2 Sept. [1847] Down Questions Mrs W on difference in flight capacity of male and female silkworm moths . . .' See also Variation, 1:302, 303 for further discussion of Mrs Whitby and breeding silkworms. 489 [page] QUESTIONS EXPERIMENTS 1 -1
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A622
Periodical contribution:
Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.
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bibliography of the evolutionay texts read by Samuel Butler (1835-1902). Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History, v. 7, p. 107-110. Coleman, William, 1962. Lyell and the reality of species. Isis, v. 53, p. 325-338. Colley, Ann C., 1991. Nostalgia in The Voyage of the Beagle. Centennial Review, v. 35, p. 167-183. Colp, Ralph, Jr., 1972. Charles Darwin and Mrs. Whitby. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, v. 48, p. 870-876. Colp, Ralph, Jr., 1974. The contacts
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