A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

their masters, and it cannot benefit those who pursue it. The operatives are clearly entitled to combine and to collect a general fund for the protection of their own just rights, but they are not absolved from the obligations of the laws of God, nor from the consequences of infringing them. The moment they [page] INFRINGEMENT OF THE MORAL LAW. 28

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

of faculties that do not produce the perfect Christian character. The true practical Christian possesses a vigorous and enlightened intellect, and moral affections glowing with gratitude to God and love to man; but how can the people at large be enabled to realize this condition of mind, if stimulus for the intellect and the nobler sentiments be excluded by the daily routine of their occupations ? In some districts of England, the operatives lately demanded an abridgement of labour without

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

lations, not always in accordance with natural morality, and then inflicting ruinous penalties for transgression. Men have hitherto expected the punishment of their offences in the thunderbolt or the yawning earthquake, and have believed that because the sea did not swallow them up, or the mountains fall upon them and crush them to atoms, Heaven was taking no cognizance of their sins; while, in point of fact, an omnipotent, an all-just, and an all-wise GOD had arranged, before they erred, an

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

maintained in this treatise be sound, perhaps a less violent remedy may exist, which will also be effective. Free labour, because it is moral, should be found to be more advantageous than slave labour, not only to the labourer, but to the employer. If a just God governs the world, he cannot have left inconsistent elements in his scheme of administration; and in reliance on his attributes, we may venture to predicate that free labour will vindicate its own superiority as an instrument of gain, and

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

unite the whole system of events together. And shall we suppose that God, who has ordered the separate trains of causes and effects, has not contemplated and designed their nexuses, except in those few cases where human wisdom has foreseen? Impossible. History abounds with instances of the great importance of those nexuses, and common life affords many more. * These remarks apply chiefly to the combined action of the physical laws; and I proceed to adduce instances of the combined action of the

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

suspended as to it also. Nearly frantic with terror at such unexpected novelties, he endeavoured to descend in order to seek relief; but the law of gravitation was suspended as to his body, and he hung poised at the level of the ridge, like a balloon in the air. He tried to fling himself down, to get rid of the uneasy sensation, but his body floated erect, and would not move downwards. In an agony of consternation, he called once more upon Jupiter. The god, ever kind and compassionate, heard

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

in limb, and gay in mind, upon her deck. Joyous and grateful, he addressed thanksgiving to the god, and called to his crew to weigh anchor, set the sails, and turn the helm for Rome. But no sailor heard him speak, and no movement followed his words. Astonished at their indolence and sloth he cried in a yet louder voice, and inquired why none obeyed his call. But still no answer was given. He saw the crew move and speak, act and converse; but seemed not to heed him. He entreated, remonstrated

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

the conditions under which God has placed various motive powers of nature under our control. Phrenology unfolds to us the course of providence by which the health and vigour of the mind is regulated in connection with the body. In every cerebral organ which it accurately describes, it presents an instructive lesson for the guidance of human conduct regarding the sphere of activity, the uses and abuses, of the concomitant mental power. The science of moral philosophy includes among its objects

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

the atmosphere in that state in which God has prepared it and adapted it to lungs and blood. A combination of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonic acid gases, in certain definite proportions, exists in the air, and is exquisitely adapted to our frame. A great increase or diminution of the proportions of any one of these, or the introduction of certain other gases, is fatal to health, and eventually to life itself. Regardless, however, of this Divine arrangement, the inhabitants of Exeter, Liverpool

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

Professor ceased to attend, it was entirely abandoned. I select the next example from Scripture, in the sacred volume we are told to do justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with our God, (that is, to obey His commandments). We are desired also to love our neighbours as ourselves, and to do unto them as we should wish that they should do unto us. Are these precepts practical in this world, or are they not? and what is implied in their being practical? Before they can become practical, it must be

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

permanent happiness and prosperity for either, that legislature will first redress her wrongs which shall first bow before the power of God, and enforce His laws as superior in wisdom and efficacy to any which their own selfishness and prejudices can substitute in their place. The history of Ireland presents additional instruc- 2 O [page] 434 ON THE RELATION BETWEE

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

mankind cannot be disputed: but I ask, In what age, and in what nation, have the religious instructors of the people been believers in an actual practical moral government of the world by God? Where and when have they expounded the natural arrangements by means of which this government is accomplished? And when and where have they directed the religious sentiments of the people to reverence and obey the natural laws as the roads that lead to secular virtue and prosperity? Ever since the

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

They are all commanded to love God with their whole heart and soul, and to resist the world and the flesh, or, in philosophical language, to support their moral affections and intellectual powers in habitual activity to direct them to noble, elevating, and beneficial objects and to resist the subjugation of these higher attributes of their minds to animal pleasure, sordid selfishness, and worldly ambition. The moral and intellectual powers assent to the reasonableness of these precepts, and

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

for that labour arises, must, philosophically speaking, be pernicious to the interests of the state as a political body, and to the temporal welfare of the individuals who compose it; and whenever we shall be in possession of a correct knowledge of the elements of human nature, and the principles on which God has constituted and governs the world, the evidence that these practices are detrimental to our temporal welfare will be as clear as that of their inconsistency with our religious duties

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

natural laws of God, of the latter, 333 The object of punishment for disobedience to the divine laws is to arrest the offender, and save him from greater miseries, 334 Beneficial effects of this arrangement Laws of combustion; advantages attending them, and mode in which man is enabled to enjoy these and escape from the danger to which he is subjected by fire, 335 Utility of pain, 335 Suffering under the natural laws have for their object to bring the sufferers back to obedience for their own

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

which stood before me, I did not see one muscle quiver, nor the slightest sign of alarm; The officers each secured some useful instrument about them, for the purpose of observation, although it was acknowledged by all that not the slightest hope remained. And now that everything in our power had been done, I called all hands aft, and to a merciful God offered prayers for our preservation. I thanked every one for his excellent conduct, and cautioned them, as we should in all probability soon appear

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

drinks. He lives a wretched life and mark this, he must for ever continue poor. No DRINKER EVER RISES ABOVE THE LOWEST POVERTY. Mark this, too, TYPHUS FEVER FINDS OUT THE DRUNKARD AND FASTENS ON HIM. We earnestly entreat you to comply to the utmost of your power with these simple rules. Use the means God gives you. Make no excuses about want of time and opportunity Shew that you will do all you can for yourselves, and depend upon it others will aid you. But while you obstinately refuse to keep

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

the perpetrators themselves. Conscientiousness is pained by the perception of such deeds, because its very nature revolts at every infringement of right, and because justice is essential to the welfare of all intelligent beings. Veneration is offended at reckless insult and indignity, because its desire is to respect the intelligent creatures of the God whom it adores, believing that they are all the objects of his love. Hence, when crime is presented to the moral sentiments, they all ardently and

A33    Book:     Combe, George. 1847. The Constitution of Man and Its Relation to External Objects. Edinburgh: Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Longman & Co.; Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., W. S. Orr & Co., London, James M'Glashan, Dublin.   Text

God is said to have given his law to the seas, that they should not pass his commandment. -Erskine's Institutes of the Law of Scotland, book i., tit. i., sect. 1. Cowper, in his Table Talk, after stating that vice disposes the mind to submit to the usurped command of tyranny, exclaims- A dire effect, by one of Nature's laws. Unchangeably connected with, its cause. Discussions about the Laws of Nature, rather than inquiries into them, were common in France at the time of the Revolution; and

F2552    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1899. [Letters with J. D. Dana]. The Life of James Dwight Dana, pp. 209-10, 287, 302-15.   Text   PDF

great change to you; but for me during many years three hours has been a most unusually hard day's work. I hope to God that your health will steadily, though slowly must be expected, improve. I have received the printed Corrigenda, but am sorry to say that your Manual has not arrived. I wrote to the Geological Society, and it has not there arrived for the Society, as I heard this morning. I enclose a photograph as you request. It was made by my eldest son, and is the only one which I have. One

CUL-DAR71.1-5    Abstract:    [[1850--1870]]   'Catalogue of Books (not Journals)'.   Text   Image

distribution of Plants. Salt-marshes. odd distrib. of [illeg] . Change of seeds of agriculturists. Var. of [Binus] in certain crosses. naturalized plants at Tal Juvenal. 12. Macculloch, J. 1837. Proofs and Illustrations of the Attributes of God, 3 vols. London. 13. Knox, Robert. 1852. Great artists and great anatomists; a biographical and philosophical study. London. 14. Knox, Robert. 1850. The races of men: a fragment. London. 15. Tschudi, Johann Jakob von. 1849. Travels in Peru: during the

CUL-DAR210.13.40    Note:    1851.04.30   'Our poor child, Annie' [Darwin's reminiscence of Anne Elizabeth Darwin]   Text   Image

spirits radiated from her whole countenance rendered every movement elastic full of life vigour. It was delightful cheerful to behold her. Her dear face now rises before me, as she used sometimes to come running down stairs with a stolen pinch of snuff for me, her whole form radiant with the pleasure of giving pleasure. Even when playing with her cousins when her joyousness almost passed into boisterousness, a single glance of my eye, not of displeasure (for I thank God I hardly ever cast one

CUL-DAR245.476    Note:    1852.02.00   [concerning Litchfield H.E née Darwin]   Text   Image

is not quite dead, but will come back again sometime. Some time ago she cried in great distress said Mamma I used to be a very naughty girl when Annie was alive do you think God will forgive me. I used to be very unkind to Annie. Last night Mamma I want you to put something in my prayer about not being proud, as well as not being selfish

F1583    Book:     Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.   Text   Image   PDF

according to similar laws, as do varieties, it strengthens our view, that species are only strongly marked varieties with the intermediate gradations lost. The old cosmogonists believed that fossil shells, resembling but not identical with living shells, had been created within the solid rock; they asked why God should not have thus formed them? The paleontologist would probably now reply, that we see in the fossil living shell plain evidence of similar structure, therefore he would affirm that

F1583    Book:     Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.   Text   Image   PDF

judge by external characters alone, not from the perfect action correlation of the whole organisation during the whole course of life. See how differently Nature acts! By nature, I mean the laws ordained by God to govern the Universe.' She cares not for mere external appearance; she may be said to scrutinise with a severe eye, every nerve, vessel muscle; every habit, instinct, shade of constitution, the whole machinery of the organisation. There will be here no/22/caprice, no favouring: the good