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CUL-DAR88.15
Note:
1872.10.12
Descent of Man / I consider remorse as only a stronger form of repentance
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [15] Oct 12 /72/ Descent of Man I consider remorse as only a stronger form of repentance; though this latter term often or generally bears relation to the belief in a God who hates crime but I apprehend that neither repentance nor remorse need have any such relation.= The objection which seems to have struck some people most, is that the view which I advocate does not explain the feelings of repentance remorse. I presume that — But this seems to me
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paramount importance, as they lead the child to obey its parents or guardian teacher this I presume depends on the love of their approbation dislike of disapprobation, often combined with fear of punishment. Hence (This is the foundation of the sense of obligation) Analogous feelings appl to the chief of tribe to God or the Gods or Spirits. But I do not believe that the strong tendency to rescue a fellow-creature, to be faithful to the tribe, to be depends on what is taught in childhood, or by no
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dog has done something which he knew he ought not to have done.— Her moaning showed she was ashamed of herself even more plainly a wish for reconcilement unction forgiveness for the unknown crime There may probably was a mixture of fear in her feelings, but as I have said ashamed was the proper term. When patted or caressed told all was right again, she wd recover her natural manners. In as much as fear of God of parents or guardians comes partly into play with the feelings of a child who has
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F3384
Book contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1902-3. [Letter to Max Müller, 1873]. In Georgina Max Müller, Life and letters of Friedrich Max Müller. 2 vols. London, vol. 1, p. 478.
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[Interview given to a 'religious paper' (Christian World?) in 1896][…]If God wished us to know what is to be, He would tell us. Darwin; has shown us that there is continuity from beginning to end
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CUL-DAR133.3.1
Printed:
1873--1882
[Letter to F. W. Hutton, 20 April 1861]. In Hutton, Darwinism a lecture by F. W. Hutton
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. There is another evil dream from which we have been relieved by Darwinism. I allude to the idea so well expressed in In Memoriam that Nature, red in tooth and claw with rapine, shrieked against the creed of the goodness of God as displayed in Nature. Are God and Nature then at strife, That Nature lends such evil dreams? So careful of the type she seems, So careless of the single life; So careful of the type? but no. From scarped cliff and quarried stone She cries, A thousand types are gone: I care
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F2565
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1897. [Letter to Karl Marx and recollection of Darwin by Aveling]. In E. B. Aveling, Charles Darwin and Karl Marx: a comparison. Twenteith Century Press.
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the controversies going on in the world outside, just as he was out of touch with the great conflict between Capital and Labour raging without his door. We explained to him that we were Atheists, but did not say there was no God. Only being unable to realise and believe in the idea of Deity, we were without God; neither asserting, however, nor denying His existence. We found that Darwin held the same opinion, only, as he put it, he called himself an Agnostic. Personally, I have always held that
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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as regards science, of the general introduction of monotheism among European nations. 'Were men,' says Hume, 'led into the apprehension of invisible intelligent power by contemplation of the works of Nature, they could never possibly entertain any conception but of one single being, who bestowed existence and order on this vast machine, and adjusted all its parts to one regular system.' Referring to the condition of the heathen, who sees a god behind every natural event, thus peopling the
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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smukt Land-skab eller god Musik; men Smagen for saadanne Ting, der ere afh ngige af Dannelse og sammensatte Tankeforbindelser, findes heller ikke hos de Vilde eller hos Folk, hvis Opdragelse har v ret meget mangelfuld. Mange af de Evner, som have v ret til uskatterlig Nytte for Menneskets stadige Fremadskriden, f. Ex. Indbildningskraft, Beundring, Nysgjerrighed, en vis Skj nheds-sands, Efterlignelsesdrift og Lyst til Ophidselse eller Forandring, kunne ikke have undladt at hidf re de mest
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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lower animals are, as we shall hereafter see, likewise capricious in their affections, aversions, and sense of beauty. There is also reason to suspect that they love novelty, for it own sake. Belief in God Religion. There is no evidence that man was aboriginally endowed with the ennobling belief in the existence of an Omnipotent God. On the contrary there is ample evidence, derived not from hasty travellers, but from men who have long resided with savages, that numerous races have existed, and
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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appear to be somewhat less, and the sense of equality is shewn in every action. Professor Braubach goes so far as to maintain that a dog looks on his master as on a god.78 The same high mental faculties which first led man to believe in unseen spiritual agencies, then in fetishism, polytheism, and ultimately in monotheism, would infallibly lead him, as long as his reasoning powers remained poorly developed, to various strange superstitions and customs. Many of these are terrible to think of such as
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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quite beyond his scope. Still less, as he would admit, could he follow out a train of metaphysical reasoning, or solve a mathematical problem, or reflect on God, or admire a grand natural scene. Some apes, however, would probably declare that they could and did admire the beauty of the coloured skin and fur of their partners in marriage. They would admit, that though they could make other apes understand by cries some of their perceptions and simpler wants, the notion of expressing definite
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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praise or blame of his fellows as his sole guide, though few escape this influence, but his habitual convictions, controlled by reason, afford him the safest rule. His conscience then becomes the supreme judge and monitor. Nevertheless the first foundation or origin of the moral sense lies in the social instincts, including sympathy; and these instincts no doubt were primarily gained, as in the case of the lower animals, through natural selection. The belief in God has often been advanced as not
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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to man, 7; madness in animals, 79; the dog considers his master his God, 96. Linn us, views of, as to the position of man, 149. Linnet, numerical proportion of the sexes in the, 248; crimson forehead and breast of the, 394; courtship of the, 401. Lion, polygamous, 218; mane of the, defensive, 521; roaring of the, 526. Lions, stripes of young, 464. Lips, piercing of the, by savages, 575. Lithobius, prehensile appendages of the female, 274. Lithosia, coloration in, 314. Littorina littorea, 262
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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triumph over the diabolical tortures to which they were subjected,10 must have left traces not easily effaced. They scorned the earth, in view of that 'building of God, that 8. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, p. 295. 9. History of the Inductive Sciences, vol. i. 10. Depicted with terrible vividness in Renan's Antichrist. [page] 1
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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, learning, and refinement took the place of their opposites. When smitten with disease, the Christian peasant resorted to a shrine, the Moorish one to an instructed physician. The Arabs encouraged translations from the Greek philosophers, but not from the Greek poets. They turned in disgust 'from the lewdness of our classical mythology, and denounced as an unpardonable blasphemy all connexion between the impure Olympian Jove and the Most High God.' Draper traces still further than Whewell the Arab
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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that no inference from the postulate could by any possibility be stronger than the postulate itself. But Descartes deviated strangely from the idealism implied in his fundamental principle. He was the first to reduce, in a manner eminently capable of bearing the test of mental presentation, vital phenomena to purely mechanical principles. Through fear or love, Descartes was a good churchman; he accordingly rejects the notion of an atom, because it was absurd to suppose that God, if he so pleased
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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Creator, working more or less after the manner of men, was often assumed by the other. Gassendi is hardly to be ranked with either. Having formally acknowledged God as the great first cause, he immediately dropped the idea, applied the known laws of mechanics to the atoms, deducing thence all vital phenomena. He defended Epicurus, and dwelt upon his purity, both of doctrine and of life. True he was a heathen, but so was Aristotle. He assailed superstition and religion, and rightly, because he did
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A12
Book:
Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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punished, and adored them purely in consequence of their completeness; here we see, says Gassendi, the reverence of the child instead of the fear of the slave. The errors of Epicurus shall be corrected, the body of his truth retained; and then Gassendi proceeds, as any heathen might do, to build up the world, and all that therein is, of atoms and molecules. God, who created earth and water, plants and animals, produced in the first place a definite number of atoms, which constituted the seed
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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anset for en Synd, hvad det moderne Diplomatis Historie mer end tilfulde udviser. Saasnart som en Stamme har en anerkjendt F rer, bliver Ulydighed en Forbrydelse og selv krybende Underdanighed ansees for en hellig Dyd. Da ingen Mand i Ufreds-Tider kan v re sin Stamme nyttig eller tro, uden at han har Mod, saa er denne Egenskab overalt blevet regnet for en af de st rste; og omendskj ndt en god, men frygtsom Mand i et civiliseret Land kan v re Samfundet til langt mere Nytte end den Tappre, saa knnne
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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. G. Staunton bem rker 3) ganske udelukkende tilh rer den civiliserede Levevis. Dette vises ved forskjellige Nationers 1) Hr. M'Lennan har i saa Henseende meddelt (»Primitive Marriage,« 1865, S. 176) en god Samling af Exempler. 2) Lecky: »History of European Morals,« Vol. I, 1869, S. 109. 3) »Embassy to China,« Vol. Il, S. 348. [page] 9
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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gamle religi se Ritus, ved Tegningerne paa Murene i Pompeji og ved mange Vildes S der. Vi have nu seet, at Handlingerne af de Vilde betragtes og rimeligvis ogsaa af Fortidens Mennesker betragtedes som gode eller slette, ene og alene eftersom de paavirke Stammens Velf rd paa en i jnefaldende Maade, — ikke Artens Velf rd, heller ikke Menneskets som enkelt Medlem af Stammen. Denne Slutning er i god Overensstemmelse med den Antagelse, at den saakaldte moralske F lelse er oprindelig afledt fra de
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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Live i saadanne Lande, hvor der herskede feberforvoldende Miasmer. Omendskj ndt vi ikke paa vor Videns nuv rende Standpunkt kunne forklare de udpr gede Farveforskjellig-heder, Menneskeracerne frembyde, hverken ved Korrelation til Ejendommeligheder ved Konstitutionen eller ved Klimaets direkte Indvirkning, saa maa vi dog ikke ganske overse det sidste, da der er god Grund til at tro, at der herved frembringes nogen arvelig Virkning.2) Vi have i det tredie Kapitel seet, at Livsbetingelserne, f. Ex
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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used by animals Abstraction, Self-consciousness Language Sense of beauty Belief in God, spiritual agencies, superstitions . . . . . . . . . . 65 CHAPTER IV. COMPARISON OF THE MENTAL POWERS OF MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS continued. The moral sense Fundamental proposition The qualities of social animals Origin of sociability Struggle between opposed instincts Man a social animal The more enduring social instincts conquer other less persistent instincts The social virtues alone regarded by savages
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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the humblest living creature, with his god-like intellect which has penetrated into the movements and constitution of the solar system with all these exalted powers Man still bears in his bodily frame the indelible stamp of his lowly origin. [page] 62
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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muligt, at han saa snart kunde blive klog paa, at en bestemt Abe vilde blive en god Kunstner, saa svarede han, at det Hele kom an paa hvor st rk deres Opm rksomhed var. Dersom en Abes Opm rksomhed, naar han talte til den og forklarede den Noget, let blev distraheret, f. Ex. ved en Flue paa V ggen eller andre Smaating, saa var Sagen haabl s. Dersom han pr vede paa ved Prygl at faa en Abe til at gj re Kunster, saa blev den trodsig. Men en Abe, som h rte opm rksomt efter, den kunde der altid blive
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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sandsynligvis alle de h jere Dyr, selv Fugle, saaledes som det er sagt af en god Autoritet2), have livlige Dr mme, hvad der viser sig ved deres Bev gelser og R st under S vnen, maa vi indr mme, at de have nogen Indbildningskraft. Jeg antager man vil indr mme, at af alle menneskelige Evner sta'aer Forstanden verst. Der er Faa der nu ville ben gte, at Dyrene have nogen Forstand. Man kan tidtnok se Dyr standse, overveje og beslutte. Det er en betegnende Omst ndighed, at jo mere et enkelt Dyrs Livsvaner
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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Generationer eller Racen, saa er der ingen Tvivl om, at Fugle eller andre Dyr lidt efter lidt baade vinde og tabe i Forsigtighed i deres Forhold til Mennesket og andre Fjender1), og denne Forsigtighed er ganske vist hovedsagelig nedarvet Vane eller Instinkt, men tildels jo dog Resultatet af individuel Erfaring. En god Iagttager Leroy 2) siger, at i Distrikter, hvor R ven efterstr bes meget, ere de Unge, ligesom de forlade deres Kule, uomtvistelig langt forsigtigere end de Gamle i de Distrikter
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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. Det er indlysende, at Enhver kan med en god Samvittighed tilfredsstille sine egne Drifter, dersom de ikke komme i Strid med hans selskabelige Instinkter, det vil sige, stride mod Andres Vel; men for at v re ganske fri for Selvbebrejdelse eller i det Mindste Uro er det n sten n dvendigt for ham at undgaa sine Medmenneskers Mishag, hvad enten Mishaget er begrundet eller ikke. Han maa heller ikke bryde med de v senligste af sine Livsvaner, s rlig da, naar disse have en fornuftig Grundj thi gj r
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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ophobet og nedarvet; thi Rengger 6) forsikkrer, at han gjentagne Gange 1) »Intermarriage.« By Alex. Walker, 1838, S. 377. 2) »The Variation of Animals under Domestication,« Vol. I, S. 173. 3).Principles of Biology,« Vol. I, S. 455. 4) Paget: »Lectures on Surgical Pathology,« Vol. II, 1853, S. 209. 5) »The Variation of Animals under Domestication,« Vol. I, S. 8. 6) »S ugethiere von Paraguay,« S. 8, 10. Jeg har havt s rdeles god Lejlighed til at overbevise mig om Udl ndernes udm rkede Syn. [page
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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principet), men forkaste Kvalitetsvalget, synes, naar de bed mme min Bog, at forglemme, at jeg havde de to ovenfor n vnte Ting for je. Dersom jeg derfor har taget fejl i at tilskrive Kvalitetsvalget stor Magt, hvilket jeg langtfra indr mmer, eller at jeg har overvurderet dets Magt, hvilket »ok er sandsynligt, saa er det dog mit Haab, at jeg i det Mindste har gjort god Nytte ved at hj lpe til at omstyrte Dogmet om s rskilte Skabelsesakter. At alle organiske V sner, Mennesket medindbefattet
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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have v ret udsatte for meget streng Rivalisering; og dette er os ofte til Hj lp, naar vi skulle bygge vore genealogiske R kker, derved, at det giver os en god Forestilling om tidligere og forsvundne Befolkninger. Men vi maa nu heller ikke gaa hen og begaa den Fejltagelse, at betragte de nulevende Medlemmer af en eller anden lavt organiseret Gruppe som fuldst ndige Repr sentanter for deres gamle Forf dre. De ldste Stamformer i Hvirveldyrr kken, som vi saa nogenlunde kunne komme til at faa Kig paa
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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Reproduktionssystemet, og vi have god Grund til at tro (som tidligere omtalt), at den Omst ndighed, at Livsbetingelserne ere saa omskiftelige hos Husdyr og dyrkede Planter, gj r sit til at bringe den Goldhed til at forsvinde, der er saa almindelig hos de vilde Arter i Krydsningstilf lde. Jeg har andetsteds viist (ibid. Vol. II, S. 185 og »Arternes Oprindelse«, S. 327), at Arternes Goldhed i Krydsningstilf lde ikke er bleven erhvervet ved Kvalitetsvalg — man vil jo nemlig let indse, at, naar to Arter
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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faa sig en Mage, saa vilde dog de st rkere og mere tiltr kkende Hanner, der vare blevne f dte f rst, stadig have i det Mindste ligesaa god Udsigt til at efterlade sig Afkom som de mindre St rke eller mindre Tiltr kkende. Polygami. — Polygami frembringer de samme Resultater, som vilde fremkomme ved en virkelig Ulighed i Kj nnenes Antal; thi dersom enhver Han sikkrer sig to eller flere Hunner, saa er der mange Hanner, der ikke kunne komme til at blive parrede, og det vil da ganske vist blive de
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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Hannen end hos Hunnen. Men Udviklingen af saa-danne Karakterer vilde have en god St tte, ifald den Slutning, hvortil jeg er kommen ved at studere Husdyrene, kan ansees for paalidelig, den' nemlig, at Hannen er mere tilb jelig til at variere end Hunnen. Jeg veed vel, hvor vanskeligt det er at komme til Klarhed om, hvorvidt en saadan Slutning er sand. Lidt Bevis derfor kan man imidlertid nok faa, naar man sammenligner Menneskets to Kj n, thi Mennesket er blevet omhyggeligere unders gt end nogetsomhelst
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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t r er imellem Kj nnenes Individantal; thi de ere blevne samlede med s rlig Omhyggelighed af mangen en god Iagttager og ere efter en st rre Maalestok blevne udrugede af j£,a eller opkl kkede som Larver. Jeg havde haabet, at nogle Silkeorms-Avlere havde gjort n jagtige Optegnelser, men jeg har skrevet baade til Frankrig og Italien og spurgt forskjellige Afhandlinger til Eaads, og det har vist sig, at mit Haab var falsk. Den almindelige Mening synes at v re den, at der er ligemange af hvert Kj n
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F1050.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 1.
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derfor ikke vil have saa god Udsigt til at holde sig ilive. Naar der er et meget st rre Antal Hanner end Hunner, saa kan der uden Tvivl del gges mange Hanner, uden at det gj r Arten noget, men jeg kan ikke se, at Resultaterne af almindelig Udv lgelse, der gik ud paa Beskyttelse, vilde blive paavirkede af, at Kj nnene fandtes i ulige stort Antal, thi de mere i jnefaldende Individer vilde rimeligvis blive delagte efter det samme Forhold, enten det var Hanner eller Hunner. Dersom [page] 41
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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CHAPTER III. COMPARISON OF THE MENTAL POWERS OF MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS. The difference in mental power between the highest ape and the lowest savage, immense Certain instincts in common The emotions Curiosity Imitation Attention Memory Imagination Reason Progressive improvement Tools and weapons used by animals Abstraction, self-consciousness Language Sense of beauty Belief in God, spiritual agencies, superstitions. WE have seen in the last two chapters that man bears in his bodily
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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has a sense of beauty, is liable to caprice, has the feeling of gratitude, mystery, c.; believes in God, or is endowed with a conscience. I will hazard a few remarks on the more important and interesting of these points. Archbishop Summer formerly maintained31 that man alone is capable of progressive improvement. That he is capable of incomparably greater and more rapid improvement than is any other animal, admits of no dispute; and this is mainly due to his power of speaking and handing down his
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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evidently a retributive punishment for wasting human food. So again he related how, when his brother killed a wild man, storms long raged, much rain and snow fell. Yet we could never discover that the Fuegians believed in what we should call a God, or practised any religious rites; and Jemmy Button, with justifiable pride, stoutly maintained that there was no devil in his land. This latter assertion is the more remarkable, as with savages the belief in bad spirits is far more common than that in good
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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(1869) been published by Dr. Francesco Barrago, bearing in Italian the title of Man, made in the image of God, was also made in the image of the ape. 2 Prof. H ckel was the only author who, at the time when this work first appeared, had discussed the subject of sexual selection, and had seen its full importance, since the publication of the 'Origin'; and this he did in a very able manner in his various works. B 2 [page]
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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spiritual. As the spiritual being is supposed to exist after death and to be powerful, it is propitiated by various gifts and ceremonies, and its aid invoked. He then further shews that names or nicknames given from some animal or other object, to the early progenitors or founders of a tribe, are supposed after a long interval to represent the real progenitor of the tribe; and such animal or object is then naturally believed still to exist as a spirit, is held sacred, and worshipped as a god
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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. When the question is put in either district, is it worse to kill a girl of a foreign tribe, or to marry a girl of one's own, an answer just opposite to ours would be given without hesitation. 29 We may, therefore, reject the belief, lately insisted on by some writers, that the abhorrence of incest is due to our possessing a special God-implanted conscience. On the whole it is intelligible, that a man urged by so powerful a sentiment as remorse, though arising as above explained, should be led to
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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with the good of others; but in order to be quite free from self-reproach, or at least of anxiety, it is almost necessary for him to avoid the disapprobation, whether reasonable or not, of his fellow-men. Nor must he break through the fixed habits of his life, especially if these are supported by reason; for if he does, he will assuredly feel dissatisfaction. He must likewise avoid the reprobation of the one God or gods in whom, according to his knowledge or superstition, he may believe; but in
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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still retain traces of such rude habits as the forcible capture of wives. What ancient nation, as the same author asks, can be named that was originally monogamous? The primitive idea of justice, as shewn by the law of battle and other customs of which vestiges still remain, was likewise most rude. Many existing superstitions are the remnants of former false religious beliefs. The highest form of religion the grand idea of God hating sin and loving righteousness was unknown during primeval
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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influence of marriage on mortality, 139, 140. Farrar, F. W., on the origin of language, 87; on the crossing or blending of languages, 91; on the absence of the idea of God in certain races of men, 93; on early marriages of the poor, 138; on the middle ages, 141. Fashions, long prevalence of, among savages, 576, 584. Faye, Prof., on the numerical proportion of male and female births in Norway and Russia, 243; on the greater mortality of male children at and before birth, 243. Feathers, modified
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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horns of, 230; horns of, 235, 505; mode of fighting of, 508; domestic, sexual differences of, late developed, 237; beards of, 531. Goatsucker, Virginian, pairing of the, 366. Gobies, nidification of 345. God, want of the idea of, in some races of men, 93. Godron, M., on variability, 29; on difference of stature, 31; on the want of connexion between climate and the colour of the skin, 192; on the odour of the skin, 198; on the colour of infants, 558. Goldfinch, 371, 394; proportion of the sexes
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.
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reproach a man for injuring his enemy: rather it would reproach him, if he had not revenged himself. To do good in return for evil, to love your enemy, is a height of morality to which it may be doubted whether the social instincts would, by themselves, have ever ledus. It is necessary that these instincts, together with sympathy, should have been highly cultivated and extended by the aid of reason, instruction, and the love or fear of God, before any such golden rule would ever be thought of
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CUL-DAR240
Note:
1875--1908
Newton, T W Catalogue of the Library of Charles Darwin...1875
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107 Ramsay, A. C. Physical Geology. 8° 1863 1872 107 5th Edit 118 Rang, Sander. Mollusques 12° Paris, 1829. 125 Ranke J Physiologie des Menschen [8vo. Leipzig] 1875 17 Ray, John Correspondence and Memorials of. By. Dr. Derham. Edited by E. Lankester (Ray Soc. 2 vols. 8° 1846-8 7 7a Ray Society Publications. See under Darwin, Huxley, c, c. 128 Ray, John. The Wisdom of God, c. 1692 31
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F2111
Book contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1896. [Recollections of Darwin and correspondence with Romanes, 1875-1881]. In E. D. Romanes ed., The life and letters of George John Romanes. 6th impression. London: Longmans, 1908.
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position, and as he pondered on the final, ultimate mysteries, on1 'God, Immortality, Duty' he arrived very slowly, very painfully, but very surely, at the Christian position. But these years were, to him and to many, years of peculiar and of extraordinary difficulty. Roughly speaking, the time between 1860 and 1880 was a time of great perplexity to those who wished to adhere to the faith of Christendom. It is impossible to exaggerate the influence which Mr. Darwin's great work has had on every
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F2111
Book contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1896. [Recollections of Darwin and correspondence with Romanes, 1875-1881]. In E. D. Romanes ed., The life and letters of George John Romanes. 6th impression. London: Longmans, 1908.
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the spiritual life of man can affect the argument from its development and persistence. It has developed and persisted, as one of the most prominent features of human life, solely on the postulate of God. And is it not out of analogy with all that science teaches us to imagine that so important, continuous, and universal a development of human faculty could have arisen and persisted unless it were in correspondence with reality? 'In fact we may almost say that the obstacles to belief on the side
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