Search Results - The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online

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A237.2 Book: Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 2. Text Image PDF

, i. 414; A. R. Wallace stays at, 1i. 214 West, Mr. Thomas, mining engineer, ii. 181 183. Westminster Abbey, verses on Byron and, i. 112; funeral of Darwin at, ii. 102 Westminster Review, The, Mimicry and Other Protective Resemblances among Animals, by A. R. Wallace, in, i. 407; ii. 3 Weston-super-Mare, residence of Mr. and Mrs. Sims at, i. 263 Westwood, Professor, illustrations by, i. 400 Wheatstone, Sir Charles, i. 435 Whence comes Man, from 'Nature' or from 'God'? by Arthur J. Bell, ii. 37

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A445 Periodical contribution: Lützhoeft, Holten. 1905. Udviklingslaeren og Folkeskolen - Repliker. Vor Ungdom: 195-200. Text Image

Ungdom 1903 S. 416). Men naar Hr. R. med sine naturvidenskabelige Argumenter angriber selve Kristendommen, anser jeg det for tilstrækkelig godtgjort i det foregaaende, at hans Skyts ikke en Gang naar til Udenværkerne. Hr. R. tillægger uden nærmere Begrundelse vore Præsier et dulgt Fjend- skab til sund og god Oplysning; men han synes at glemme, i hvor stor Gæld vort Skolevæsen staar til Mænd som Biskop Boisen, Grundtvig og Monrad. Naturligvis er Præsterne Modstandere af, at Børnene opdrages til en

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A445 Periodical contribution: Lützhoeft, Holten. 1905. Udviklingslaeren og Folkeskolen - Repliker. Vor Ungdom: 195-200. Text Image

, der styrer Verden mod det af ham satte Maal. Naturligvis maa man forudsætte, at Verdensudviklingen foregaar efter en sammenhængende Plan, og at der er Kontinuitet i den guddommelige Stræben, og derfor er Udviklingshypotesen i god Overensstemmelse med denne Verdens- opfattelse. Ligesaa anerkender man selvfølgelig, at Naturkræfterne virker efter Love, som er Udtryk for Guds Vilje, og som Regel forudsætter man derfor en fast Aarsagssammenhæng inden for Naturfænomenerne. Derfor er Videnskaben ikke

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A439 Periodical contribution: Breitung, Amand. 1905. Skabelseslaeren og Forandringerne. Ufuldkommenhederne, 'Fejlene' i Naturen. Folkelaesninger: 153-155 Text Image

Breitung, Amand. 1905. Skabelseslaeren og Forandringerne. Ufuldkommenhederne, ’Fejlene’ i Naturen. Folkelaesninger: 153-155 [page] 153 Skabelseslæren og Forandringerne, Ufuldkommenhederne, „Fejlene i Naturen. Af A. Breitung. Vi maa, som vi har set, klart skelne mel- lem det absolut fuldkomne, som er selve Gud og ham alene, og det relativt fuldkomne, som foreligger i Guds Skaberværker. En Skab- ning kan aldrig være saa god og fuldkom- men, at den ikke kunde tænkes bedre og derfor ogsaa gøres

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A4 Book: Rutherford, H. W., 1908. Catalogue of the library of Charles Darwin now in the Botany School, Cambridge. Compiled by H. W. Rutherford, of the University Library; with an Introduction by Francis Darwin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

of the Rock Specimens in the Museum of Practical Geology. By A. C. R., H. W. Bristow, and H. Bauerman. 8vo. London, 1858. 107 The Physical Geology and Geography of Great Britain. 8vo. London, 1863. 3rd ed. 8vo. London, 1872. 5th ed. 8vo. London, 1878. 107 Rang (Sander). Manuel de l'histoire naturelle des Mollusques et leurs coquilles. 12mo. Paris, 1829. 118 Ranke (Johannes). Grundz ge der Physiologie des Menschen. 3te Aufl. 8vo. Leipzig, 1875. 125 Ray (John). The Wisdom of God manifested in the

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

and he answered; they cut him and blood flowed from his wounds2. The Kumis of South-Eastern India related to Captain Lewin, the Deputy Commissioner of Hill Tracts, the following tradition of the creation of man. God made the world and the trees and the creeping things first, and after that he set to work to make one man and one woman, forming their bodies of clay; but each night, on the completion of his work, there came a great snake, which, while God was sleeping, devoured the two images. This

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

processes through which new species were still being made, evolutionism came into collision with a statement, traditionally religious, that species were formed and fixed once for all and long ago. What is the theological import of such a statement when it is regarded as essential to belief in God? Simply that God's activity, with respect to the formation of living creatures, ceased at some point in past time. God rested is made the touchstone of orthodoxy. And when, under the pressure of the

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

various and divergent views which primitive man has taken of his own origin. I have confined myself to collecting examples of two radically different views, which may be distinguished as the theory of creation and the theory of evolution. According to the one, man was fashioned in his existing shape by a god or other powerful being; according to the other he was evolved by a natural process out of lower forms of animal life. Roughly speaking, these two theories still divide the civilised world

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A36 Periodical contribution: Darwin Centenary Number. Christ's College Magazine. vol. XXIII, Easter Term, 1909. Text Image PDF

not much. Remember it is only an abstract and very much condensed, God knows what the public will think. No one has read it, except Lyell, with whom I have had much correspondence. Hooker thinks him a complete convert, but he does not seem so in his letters to me; but he is evidently deeply interested in subject. I do not think your share in the theory will be overlooked by the real judges as Hooker, Lyell, Asa Gray c. I have heard from Mr Sclater that your paper on Malay Archipelago has been read

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

their quest in the leading scientific Journals of the Darwinian epoch. In those thirty years the original stock of evidence current and in circulation even underwent a process of attrition. As in the story of the Eastern sage who first wrote the collected learning of the universe for his sons in a thousand volumes, and by successive compression and burning reduced them to one, and from this by further burning distilled the single ejaculation of the Faith, There is no god but God and Mohamed is

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

other and began to laugh, whereupon God sent them into the world1. The Innuit or Esquimaux of Point Barrow, in Alaska, tell of a time when there was no man in the land, till a spirit named a se lu, who resided at Point Barrow, made a clay man, set him up on the shore to dry, breathed into him and gave him life2. Other Esquimaux of Alaska relate how the Raven made the first woman out of clay to be a companion to the first man; he fastened water-grass to the back of the head to be hair, flapped

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

of theology. Man, we imagine, believes in a god or gods and then worships. The real order seems to be that, in a sense presently to be explained, he worships, he feels and acts, and out of his feeling and action, projected into his confused thinking, he develops a god. We pass therefore to our second factor in religion:—ritual. The word ritual brings to our modern minds the notion of a church with a priesthood and organised services. Instinctively we think of a congregation meeting to confess

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

human will, and we have therefore renounced the practice of magic. Yet we are bidden by those in high places to pray Sanctify this water to the mystical washing away of sin. Mystical in this connection spells magical, and we have no place for a god-magician: the prayer is to us unmeaning, irreverent. Or again, after much toil we have ceased, or hope we have ceased, to think anthropomorphically. Yet we are invited to offer formal thanks to God for a meal of flesh whose sanctity is the last survival

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Farve og Ejendommeligheder i Konstitutionen følges ad, paa hvilket der kunde gives mange mærkelige Eksempler baade fra Dyre- og Planteriget. Efter Heusingers Erfaringer synes det, som om hvide Faar og Svin skades af Planter, der ikke har nogen saadan Ind- flydelse paa de mørkfarvede Individer. Professor Wyman har nylig meddelt mig en god Illustration hertil: da han spurgte nogle For- pagtere i Florida om, hvoraf det kom, at alle deres Svin var sorte, gav de ham den Oplysning, at Svinene aad

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Kamelen, de forskellige Faareracer, den ene Slags skikket til dyrket Land, den anden til Bjerg-Græsgange, den enes Uld god til dette Brug, den andens til hint; naar vi sammenligner de forskellige Hunderacer, hver nyttig for Mennesket paa sin forskellige Maade, naar vi sammenligner Kamphanen, der er saa haardnakket udhol- dende i Kamp, med andre saa lidt stridbare Racer, med „everlasting- layers (stadige Æglæggere), der aldrig har Lyst til at ruge, og med den lille og elegante Bantamhane, naar

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

begge vilde, man kunde næsten sige afgjort, have arvet forskellige Karakterer fra deres bestemt adskilte Forfædre, og Organismer, der er forskellige, varierer paa forskellig Maade. Det er f. Eks. nok muligt at Due- elskerne, dersom alle Hugstjerter uddøde, kunde danne en ny Race, som næppe var til at skelne fra den nu eksisterende; men dersom Stamfaderen, Klippeduen, ligeledes var gaaet til Grunde — og vi har god Grund til at tro, at Stamformerne i Naturen almindeligt afløses og udryddes af deres

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

samlede hos nogen anden Art af hele Familien. Men i hver eneste god Husduerace forekom- mer nu og da alle de nævnte Karakterer, lige indtil den hvide Rand [page] 2

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

speculations of primitive peoples on the same subject, if only for the sake of marking the interval which divides the childhood from the maturity of science. The simple notion that the first man and woman were modelled out of clay by a god or other superhuman being is found in the traditions of many peoples. This is the Hebrew belief recorded in Genesis: The Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul2. To the Hebrews

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

(adam)1. From various allusions in Babylonian literature it would seem that the Babylonians also conceived man to have been moulded out of clay2. According to Berosus, the Babylonian priest whose account of creation has been preserved in a Greek version, the god Bel cut off his own head, and the other gods caught the flowing blood, mixed it with earth, and fashioned men out of the bloody paste; and that, they said, is why men are so wise, because their mortal clay is tempered with divine

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

and measured universe, its cold denial, its cold affirmation of the power of God, a God of ice, is the occasion of that rigidity of religious thought about the living world which Darwin by accident challenged, or rather by one of those movements of genius which, Goethe2 declares, are elevated above all earthly control. If religious thought in the eighteenth century was aimed at a fixed and nearly finite world of spirit, it followed in all these respects the secular and critical lead. La

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

claim them as God-given. In the argument from Design it spoke not of God in the sense of theology, but of a Contriver, immensely, not infinitely wise and good, working within a world, the scene, rather than the ever dependent outcome, of His Wisdom; working in such emergencies and opportunities as occurred, by forces not altogether within His control, towards an end beyond Himself. It gave us, instead of the awful reverence due to the Cause of all substance and form, all love and wisdom, a

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

magician, a god; he does not pray, he wills. Moreover he wills collectively1, reinforced by the will and action of his whole tribe. Truly of him it may be said La vie d borde l'intelligence, l'intelligence c'est un retr cissement2. The magical extension and heightening of personality come out very clearly in what are rather unfortunately known as mimetic dances. Animal dances occur very frequently among primitive peoples. The dancers dress up as birds, beasts, or fishes, and reproduce the

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

object as god (fetichism), then the plant or animal (phytomorphism, theriomorphism), and last God is incarnate in the human form divine. This way of putting things is misleading. Anthropomorphism lies at the very beginning of our consciousness. Man's first achievement in thought is to realise that there is anything at all not himself, any object to his subject. When he has achieved however dimly this distinction, still for long, for very long he can only think of those other things in terms of

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A331 Book: Poulton, Edward Bagnall. 1909. Charles Darwin and the Origin of species: addresses, etc., in America and England in the year of the two anniversaries. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. Text Image

expressed the objection felt by the Christian when he wrote that he could not 'believe that God had written on the rocks one enormous and superfluous lie'.1 About twenty years ago I was present when precisely the same conclusion was advanced by a high dignitary of the English Church. He argued that even if the history of the Universe were carried back to a single element such as hydrogen, the human mind would remain unsatisfied and would inquire whence the hydrogen came, and that any and every

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A331 Book: Poulton, Edward Bagnall. 1909. Charles Darwin and the Origin of species: addresses, etc., in America and England in the year of the two anniversaries. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. Text Image

sometimes makes me hate Science, though God 1 Life and Letters, i. 79. 2 Oct. 13. Life and Letters, ii. 139. 3 Feb. 4. Ibid., ii. 360. 4 Jan. 3. Ibid., iii. 5. [page] 65 WORK ESSENTIAL FOR DARWI

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A331 Book: Poulton, Edward Bagnall. 1909. Charles Darwin and the Origin of species: addresses, etc., in America and England in the year of the two anniversaries. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. Text Image

APPENDIX D should find my soul too dried up to appreciate it as in old days; and then. I should feel very flat, for it is a horrid bore to feel as I constantly do, that I am a withered leaf for every subject except Science. It sometimes makes me hate Science, though God knows I ought to be thankful for such a perennial interest, which makes me forget for some hours every day my accursed stomach.'1 1869. 'I have been as yet in a very poor way; it seems as soon as the stimulus of mental work

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A36 Periodical contribution: Darwin Centenary Number. Christ's College Magazine. vol. XXIII, Easter Term, 1909. Text Image PDF

would have proved right and I should never have completed my larger work, for I have found my abstract hard enough with my poor health, but now thank God I am in my last chapter but one. My abstract2 will make a small vol. of 400 or 500 pages. Whenever published, I will of course send you a copy, and then you will see what I mean about the part which I believe selection has played with domestic productions. It is a very different part, as you suppose, from that played by natural selection. I

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A36 Periodical contribution: Darwin Centenary Number. Christ's College Magazine. vol. XXIII, Easter Term, 1909. Text Image PDF

become almost as heterodox as you or I and I look at Hooker as by far the most capable judge in Europe. Most cordially do I wish you health and entire success in all your pursuits, and God knows if admirable zeal and energy deserve success, most amply do you deserve it. I look at my own career as nearly run out: if I can publish my abstract and perhaps my greater work on same subject, I shall look at my course as done. Believe me, my dear Sir, Yours very sincerely, C. DARWIN. DOWN, BROMLEY

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A162 Book: Seward, A. C. ed. 1909. Darwin and modern science. Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of The origin of species. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Text Image PDF

core of all religion is faith in the persistence of value in the world, and if the highest values express themselves in the cry Excelsior! then the capital point is, that this cry should always be heard and followed. We have here a corollary of the theory of evolution in its application to human life. Darwin declared himself an agnostic, not only because he could not harmonise the large amount of suffering in the world with the idea of a God as its first cause, but also because he was aware

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A318 Pamphlet: Weismann, August. 1909. Charles Darwin und sein Lebenswerk: Festrede gehalten zu Freiburg i. Br. am 12. Februar 1909. Jena: Gustav Fischer. Text Image PDF

seiner Altersgenossen. Nun erweiterten sich auch seine Interessen, er ließ sich in die bildende Kunst einführen, studierte die Gemäldegalerie von Cambridge und später die Nationalgalerie von London, trat auch in eine musikalische Gesellschaft und gewann bald viel Freude an der Musik, obgleich er sagt, er habe merkwürdigerweise gar kein „Gehör gehabt und sei nicht imstande gewesen, „God save the King richtig vor sich hin zu pfeifen. Er war also eine jener seltenen Personen, welche zwar den

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A490 Pamphlet: [Shipley, Arthur Everett and James Crawford Simpson eds.] 1909. Darwin centenary: the portraits, prints and writings of Charles Robert Darwin, exhibited at Christ's College, Cambridge 1909. [Cambridge: University Press]. Text Image PDF

locking up at night. This, I think, was in many ways advantageous to me by keeping up home affections and interests. I remember in the early part of my school life that I often had to run very quickly to be in time, and from being a fleet runner was generally successful; but when in doubt I prayed earnestly to God to help me, and I well remember that I attributed my success to the prayers and not to my quick running, and marvelled how generally I was aided. (Charles Darwin's Autobiographical

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F1512 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. Charles Darwin Selvbiografi. Translated by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

ordentligt, samtidig med at jeg ikke faldt helt igennem paa Klassikerne, opnaaede jeg en god Plads blandt hoi polloi, d. e. den Klasse Mennesker, som ikke stræber efter Udmærkelserne. Forunderligt nok kan jeg ikke huske, hvor højt jeg naaede, men min Erindring svæver mellem det femte, tiende eller tolvte Navn paa Listen.6) Ved Universitetet blev der afholdt offentlige Forelæsninger i 2* [page] 1

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F1512 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. Charles Darwin Selvbiografi. Translated by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

maa have været ret god, thi jeg beundrede de bedste Malerier og diskuterede dem med den gamle Inspektør. Jeg læste ogsaa med megen Interesse Sir Joshua Reynold's Bog. Selv om denne Sans for Kunst ikke var mig medfødt, varede den dog i adskillige Aar, og jeg havde megen Fornøjelse af Malerierne [page] 1

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F1512 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. Charles Darwin Selvbiografi. Translated by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

sions Fjælde og lod de vulkanske Klipper dundre under min geolo- giske Hammer. Alt dette viser, hvor ærgerrig jeg var, men jeg tror nok, jeg med Sandhed kan sige, at jeg senere, selv om jeg satte stor Pris paa at modtage Ros fra mine Venner, som f. Eks. Hooker og Lyell, ikke har stræbt efter det store Publikums Gunst. Jeg mener ikke dermed, at en god Kritik eller stor Afsætning paa mine Bøger ikke i høj Grad glædede mig. Men Glæden var af ringere Varighed, og jeg er vis paa, at jeg vilde ikke

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F1512 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. Charles Darwin Selvbiografi. Translated by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

, begunstiger den, og efter nogen Tids Forløb husker jeg som Regel, hvor jeg skal søge Kilden dertil. I en Retning er min Hukommelse saa daarlig, at jeg f. Eks. aldrig har været i Stand til at huske en enkelt Dato eller en Vers- linie mere end nogle faa Dage. Nogle af mine Kritikere har sagt: „Ja, han er en god Iagttager, [page] 5

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

der mange Insekter, som i Hr. Wollastons beundringsværdige Værk er gjort til Varieteter, men som ganske vist vilde blive anset for bestemt adskilte Arter af mange Entomologer. Selv Irland har nogle faa Dyr, der nu i Almindelighed betragtes som Varieteter, men som tid- ligere af flere Zoologer regnedes for Arter. Flere erfarne Ornito- loger anser vor britiske røde Hjerpe for blot at være en godt ud- præget Race af en norsk Art, medens Flertallet anser den for en udmærket god Art, der er

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Forlegenhed indtræffer nødvendigvis og- saa, naar Talen er om nær beslægtede Organismer, der, bebor Fast- lande eller Øer, der ligger langt fra hverandre. Naar paa den an- den Side et Dyr eller en Plante er udbredt over et Fastland eller flere Øer i det samme Arkipelag, og viser sig i forskellige Skikkel- ser i de forskellige Strøg, er der altid god Udsigt til, at der kan findes Mellemformer, som kan forbinde de yderste Led i Form- rækken, og disse er da derved nedsat til at være Varieteter. Nogle faa

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

til den typiske Quercus robur. Endelig siger De Candolle, at af de 300 Arter, som vil blive opstillede i hans Prodromus som hørende til Egefamilien, er i det mindste de to Tredjedele foreløbige Arter, som ikke bestemt vides at fyldestgøre de Fordringer, der ovenfor er stillede til en god Art. Thi det maa jeg tilføje, at De Candolle ikke længer tror, at Arterne er uforanderlige Væsener, men mener, at den Teori, der siger, at Formerne nedstammer fra hverandre, er den mest natur- lige, „og den, der

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

For det første har jeg da samlet en stor Mængde Kendsger- ninger, der, i god Overensstemmelse med Opdrætternes næsten universelle Opfattelse, viser, at Krydsning mellem forskellige Varie- teter, eller mellem Individer af samme Varietet, men af forskellige Hold, baade hos Dyr og Planter, giver Afkommet Kraft og Frugt- barhed; og paa den anden Side, at naar Parringen eller Befrugt- ningen foregaar mellem meget nærstaaende Individer, saa formind- skes Kraften og Frugtbarheden. Alene disse Fakta

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Kvalitetsvalget i Almindelighed er meget langsomt til at fremkalde Forandringer, og at der er længe imellem, at det gør det, og at da blot hos nogle faa af en Egns Beboere. Jeg tror endvidere, at denne Kvalitetsvalgets langsomme og afbrudte Maade at virke paa er i god Overensstemmelse med Geologiens Beretninger om det For- hold, efter hvilken Verdens Beboere har skiftet. Hvor langsom Kvalitetsvalget Virkemaade nu end er, saa kan jeg dog ikke, da Mennesket med sin svage Evne kan udvirke me- get ved

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

staar modsat Bægeret, er alle uudviklede, og en sjette Støvdrager (som staar modsat det eneste Kronblad, som er udviklet) findes ikke hos denne Arts almindelige Blomster; Griffelen er uudviklet, og Frugtknuderne er reducerede fra tre til to. Hos alle de nævnte Planter gør de smaa, lukkede Blomster god Nytte; thi de giver næsten altid, og uden at bruge ret meget Blomsterstøv eller andet organiseret Stof, en stor Mængde Frø. De fuldkomne Blomster gør det muligt, at der lejlighedsvis kan finde

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

de levende og kendte Former er i Forhold til de uddøde og ukendte — bleven forbavset over, hvor sjældent man kan nævne et Organ, der slet ingen Overgangstrin frembyder. Det er ganske vist sandt, at nye Organer, der ser ud, som de særlig var skabt for dette eller hint Øjemed, sjælden eller aldrig i nogen som helst Klasse har vist sig pludseligt, hvad der jo staar i god Overensstemmelse med hint gamle, vel sagtens noget overvurderede, naturhistoriske Ordsprog: natura non facit saltum.*) Vi ser

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Husdyrracer i forskellige Lande — særlig i de mindre civiliserede Lande, hvor der kun har været liden metodisk Udvælgen. Dyr, som holdes af vilde i forskel- lige Lande, maa stride for deres Livsophold og er i en vis Grad ud- sat for Naturens Kvalitetsvalg, og Individer med lidt forskellig Kon- stitution vilde være heldigt stillede under skiftende Klimater. En god Iagttager forsikrer, at Ømfindtligheden for Fluernes Angreb hos Kvæget staar i Korrelation til Farven; det samme gør et Hang til at blive

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Bygning modificeret i Overensstemmelse med deres Snyltevaner, thi de har ikke det Apparat til at samle Støvkorn med, som vilde have været uundværligt, dersom de skulde samle Forraad af Næ- ring for deres Unger. Ligeledes er nogle Arter af Sphegidæ (hvepse- agtige Insekter) parasitiske paa den samme Maade overfor andre Arter, og Fabre har for nylig vist, at der er god Grund til at tro, at, endskønt Tachytes nigra laver sin egen Hule og fylder den med lamslaaet Bytte til Glæde for dens egne

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

Hr. C. Noble underretter mig f. Eks. om, at han har opelsket Stam- mer til Indpodning af en Hybrid mellem Rhododendron Ponticum og R. Catawbiense, og at denne Hybrid „giver saa rigeligt Frø, som man vel kan ønske sig. Dersom Hybrider under god Behand- ling altid var bleven ved med at aftage i Frugtbarhed i hver paa hinanden følgende Generation, Saaledes som Gartner troede det var Tilfældet, saa vilde dette have været Havemændene bekendt. Disse Havemænd opelsker store Bede af den samme Hybrid

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

førte til gensidig Goldhed, saa at vi har god Grund til at antagePallas's stik modsatte Lære, den nemlig at saadanne Betingelser i Almindelighed udrydder denne Tendens, hvilket altsaa vil sige, at de tæmmede eller dyrkede Efterkommere efter Arter, som i Naturtilstanden vilde have været golde, til en vis Grad, naar de blev krydsede med hinanden, blev fuldkommen frugt- bare indbyrdes. Saa langt er Dyrkning fra at give en Tendens hen- imod Goldhed, naar vel adskilte Arter krydses, at i flere sikkert

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

utroligt; men det er Resultatet af et forbavsende Antal Forsøg, der er bleven anstillede i Løbet af mange Aar med ni Arter af Verbascum (Kongelys) af en saa god Iagttager og en saa afgjort Modstander som Gartner. Først er der da det, at de gule og hvide Varieteter, naar de krydses, frembringer mindre Frø, end naar ensfarvede Varieteter af samme Art krydses. Fremdeles forsikrer han, at, naar gule og hvide Varieteter af en Art krydses med.gule og hvide Varieteter af en forskellig Art, frembringes

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

strakte og flakke Havstrækninger, indenfor Arkipelaget, kunde Aflejringer næppe samles i nogen stor Grad af Mægtighed under Hævningsperioden eller blive overlejrede og beskyttede af senere Udfældninger, saa at de fik god Udsigt til at holde sig til en meget fjærn Fremtid. Under Sænkningsperioderne vilde der sandsynligvis gaa meget levende tabt, under Hævnings- perioderne vilde der være megen Varieren, men den geologiske Viden vilde da derved blive mere utilstrækkelig. Der kan nu være Tvivl om

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

om de store Perioder, der rimelig- vis var hengaaet førend det cambriske System, næsten de samme, som Hr. W. Logan siden har brugt. Ikke desto mindre er Vanske- ligheden ved at give nogen god Grund for Manglen paa store Dyn- ger af fossilrige Lag neden under de øvre cambriske Formationer *) Det cambriske Systems Underlag. Det bestaar af Skifer og Sandsten. O. A. [page] 32

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F644 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1909. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Text Image PDF

, Murchison, Barrande o. A., hvis Synsmaade naturligt fører dem til denne Antagelse. Tværtimod, vi har, belært ved Studiet af de tertiære Formationer, god Grund til at tro, at Arter og Grupper af Arter gradvis forsvinder en for en, først et Sted fra, saa et andet Sted fra, og endelig gaar helt ud af Tilværelsen. Imid- [page] 33