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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
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Humboldt (Travels, iii. p. 253, note *, Miss William'S translation), that the insects called by this name in S. America are White Ants. Page 421, note a line 1, for 405 read 407. [page 1
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A793.2
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 2.
Text
rales sur les insectes vivant en Societ . (Mem. du Mus. iii. 407.) At the same time he informed me that there was a nest of the rufescent ants in the Bois de Boulogne, to which place he afterwards was so good as to accompany me. We went on the 25th of June. The day was excessively hot and sultry. A little before five in the afternoon we began our search. At first we could not discern a single ant in motion. In a minute or two, however, my friend directed my attention to one individual two or three
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A793.2
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 2.
Text
LETTER XVIII. SOCIETIES OF INSECTS. PERFECT SOCIETIES CONTINUED. (Wasps and Humble-Bees.) I SHALL now call your attention to such parts of the history of two other descriptions of social insects, wasps, namely, and humble-bees, as have not been related to you in my letters on the affection of insects for their young, and on their habitations. What I have to communicate, though not devoid of interest, is not to be compared with the preceding account of the ants, nor with that which will follow
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A793.4
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 4.
Text
a pivot. Ex. Head of Hymenoptera and Diptera. 5. VIBRATILE (Vibratilis). When there is a constant oscillation of any part. Ex. Antenn of Ichneumones minuti L. Legs of Tipula when reposing. 6. ROTATORY (Rotatoria). When a body or a part of it turns wholly round, or describes a circle. Ex. Ants and Moths in a certain diseasea. xxi. SCENT. 1. ACID (Acidus). A pungent acid scent. Ex. Many Formic 2. MOSCHATE (Moschatus). A scent of musk. 3. ALLIACEOUS (Alliaceus). A scent of garlic. Ex. Some Andren
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A793.4
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 4.
Text
world, the former, when we consider the filthy and disgusting habits of their grubs, and the anoyance, both from their numbers and incessant assaults, of them, in their fly-state, may very properly be considered as its canaille. Almost all the tribes of Hymenoptera, from the saw-flies to the ants, have their represen a VOL. III. p. 539. PLATE IX. FIG. 4. b Ibid. FIG. 5. c VOL. I. p. 65 d VOL. III. p. 469. e From , twice, or double. f Hist. Animal. 1. iv. c. 1, 27. [page] 38
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A793.4
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 4.
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having any thing of system, gave an admirable account of English ants, which I formerly noticeda. One of our first poets, the celebrated Gray, was also much devoted to Entomology. From his interleaved copy of the Systema Natur , that venerable and able naturalist, Sir T. G. Cullum, Bart. copied the following characters of the genera of insects of Linn , drawn up in Latin Hexameters, which he kindly communicated to me. COLEOPTERA. Alas lorica tectas Coleoptcra jactant. * Serra pedum prodit
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A793.4
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 4.
Text
, classifications of, iii. 2. annulose, iii. 13; iv. 426. Ant, black, i. 483; ii. 48: fire, i. 122: green, 122: hill or horse, 231; ii. 48, 97: jet, 48, 98: mason, 96: miner, 80: parasol, i. 207, 479: red, ii. 48, 69: rufescent, 76: sanguine, 81: sugar, i. 182: turf, ii. 93: visitation, i. 123, 270: yellow, ii. 48, 90. Anteater, i. 280. Antenn , whether analogous to ears, iv. 240. Antlion, i. 428. Ants, love of their young, i. 362: nests, 479: swarms, ii. 51: language, 62: wars, 69: slaves, 75
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
has instructed these despised insects to anticipate him in many of them. The builders of Babel doubtless thought their invention of turning earth into artificial stone, a very happy discoverya; yet a little beeb had practiced this art, using indeed a different process, on a small scale, and the white ants on a larger one, ever since the world began, Man thinks that he stands unrivalled as an architect, and that his buildings are without a parallel among the works of the inferior orders of animals
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
can be equal to the construction of a a The white ants. b Megachile Papaveris, Latr. c The common wasp. d Polistes nidulans, Latr. [page] 1
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
bodyb. If we think with wonder of the populous cities which have employed the united labours of man for many ages to bring them to their full extent, what shall we say to the white ants, which require only a few months to build a metropolis capable of containing an infinitely greater number of inhabitants than even imperial Nineveh, Babylon, Rome, or Pekin, in all their glory? That insects should thus have forestalled us in our inventions, ought to urge us to pay a closer attention to them and
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
from the ants. Bosman relates that when in Guinea, if one of his was attacked by them in the night, which often happened, it was invariably destroyed, and was so expeditiously devoured that in the morning only the skeleton would be left. [page] 16
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
their rostrum pumping out the sap, in time occasion them to curl up, and thus deform the tree and injure the produce. The fruit is attacked by various other enemies of this class, against which we find it not easy to secure it: wasps, earwigs, flies, woodlice, and ants, which last communicate to it a disagreeable flavour, all share with us these ambrosial a This Aphis is evidently the insect described in Illiger's Magazin, i. 450. under the name of A. lanigera, as having done great injury to the
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
whether he shall call it the sweat of the heavens, the saliva of the stars, or a liquid produced by the purgation of the aira!! Perhaps you may not be aware that it is a secretion of Aphides, whose excrement has the privilege of emulating sugar and honey in sweetness and purity. It however often tarnishes the lustre of those trees in which these insects are numerous, and is the lure that attracts the swarms of ants which you may often see travelling up and down the trunk of the oak and other
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
immediately desert it. What is very extraordinary, these ants are also fond of oil. Sweetmeats and preserves are very subject to be attacked by a minute oblong transparent mite with very short legs and without any hair upon its body. Our butter and lard are stated to be eaten by the caterpillar of a moth (Crambus pinguinalis, F.). Musca putris, L., the parent fly of the jumping cheese-maggot, loses no opportunity, we know, of laying its eggs in our fresh cheeses, and when they get dry and old the
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
white ants, which had almost wholly devoured the opium. Article from Chittagong, Nov. 1812, in one of the Newspapers, July 31, 1813. b Ptinus rubellus, Marsh. c Bibl. Nat. i. 125. b. 126. a. d Sir Geo. Staunton's Voy. 8vo. 189. e Kerr in Philos. Trans. 1781 [page] 23
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
suspend in every angle, and flies by their excrements, which they scatter indiscriminately upon every thing, interfere with this comfort, and add much to the business of our servants. Even ants will sometimes plant their colonies in our kitchens, (I have known the horse-ant, Formica rufa, L., do this,) and are not easily expelled. Those of Sierra Leone, as I was once informed by the learned Professor Afzelius, make their way by millions through the houses. They resolutely pursue a straight course; and
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
attention. The insects I mean are the cock-roach (Blatta orientalis, L.), the house-cricket (Acheta domestica, F.), and the various species of white ants (Termes, L.). The last of these, most fortunately for us, are not yet naturalized. The cock-roaches hate the light, at least the kind that is most abundant in Britain, (for B. germanica, which abounds in some houses, is bolder, making its appearance in the day, and running up the walls and over the tables, to the great annoyance of the inhabitants
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
attacked the exposed parts of the body when you were asleep, nibbling the ends of the fingers, particularly the skin under the nails, which was only discoverable by a slight soreness that succeeded. So great was their agility that they could seldom be caught or crushed. They were a mute insect, but probably the imago would make noise enough. But the white ants, wherever they prevail, are a still worse plague than either of these insects they are the great calamity, as Linn terms them, of both
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
perforating the surface, unless a book or any other thing that tempts them should be standing upon it. K mpfer, speaking of the white ants of Japan, gives a remarkable instance of the rapidity with [page] 24
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A793.1
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 1.
Text
mask, opens the forceps, seizes the unfortunate victim, and brings it within the action of its jaws. When they assume the imago state, their habits do not, like those of the white ants, become more mild and gentle, but on the contrary are more sanguinary and rapacious than ever; so that the name given to them in England, Dragon-flies, seems much more applicable than Demoiselles, by which the French distinguish them. Their motions it is true are light and airy: their dress is silky, brilliant and
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