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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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into my finger 1832 Feb. 29th March 17th Bahia 354 I Geotrupes 355 I Acarus from do 356 I Louse from Vespertilio [see Insect Notes, p. 48] 357 I X 358. Specimens from an enormous migration of ants [note opposite] (V Page 28) 359 I 360. 361. 362. 363. 364. a very common species of ant: the winged ones were flying in numbers from the nest 365 I 366 Feb Hymenopterous insects 367 I Nest of do. When large complete is globular 368 I X Curious habitation of some insect on a root in a sand bank. [note
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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PDF
for disagreement with the account given in the Dic. Class. Next it was a migration of driver ants that attracted his attention, then the movements of some pulmonates, and a few weeks later (see p. 48) he came across 'the only butterfly I ever saw make use of its legs in running, this one will avoid being caught by shuffling to one side'. Many further examples could be quoted, among which one of the highlights would be his classical description (see p. 104) of the coating of the Beagle's rigging
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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behavioural differences between the mainland species of mocking bird that had led him to distinguish Mimus orpheus in Monte Video from M. patagonicus on the Rio Santa Cruz. There are many vivid descriptions of the behaviour of animals at all levels, from the ants in Bahia (see p. 29), through spiders spinning their webs and wasps preying on them (see p. 38), the 'monstrous' coconut crabs in the Cocos Keeling Islands (see p. 311), penguins and [page] xxiv Introductio
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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abundant a Bombylius. The orders Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, produced scarcely anything. In Hymenoptera, a large Pompilus8 was common, as was its prey Mygalus4: also a large humble bee feeding on the wild pea. I saw three species of Lepidop: diurni : the Nocturn were more abundant. [note (a)] Ants are very common: on Sept 22d Swarms were on the wing. [note ends] [CD P. 115 continues] Entomostraces9(Lophyropes) (b) This animal does not come in any of Latreilles families. In general appearance
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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flight habits resembling our field-fares. [notes (b)] Hops, not walks: in stomach seeds ants: iris rich brown: (b) I have seen this bird at Bahia Blanca; pursuing catching on wing large Coleoptera. [notes end] [listed as Xolmis variegata G.R.Gray in Zoology 3:55] (f) (1221) Himantopus. legs rose pink. [note (f)] This bird is very numerous in the swamps Fens between Sierra Ventana B. Ayres: its appearance is by no means inelegant when walking about in shallow water, which is their proper
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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wings legs of most minute Diptera, probably Tripulid . It is evident the humming bird[s] search these insects out, in their winter-quarters, amongst the thick foliage of the Bromelias. [note (a)] I opened stomach of this species killed near Valparaiso, there were as much debris of insects as in a Certhia. besides Diptera I pretty clearly recognized remains not so very small of ants. [note ends] [CD P. 266 continues] Besides the birds I have collected I know of the following birds: the Condor
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Cup orbicular, regular most elegant, margin folded down 247 P Fungi on rotten wood, in forest [Laschia infundibuliformis, see Plant Notes, p. 220] 248 C Julus; Polydemus; Ants from the forest; fresh water Malaco Entomostraces: fresh W crab: Cloporta: fresh water leeches c c. V No. 1486 249 Hemiptera. (water). covered with ova 250 S Ampullaria, same as (244) [page] 329 Specimens in Spirits of Win
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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common here 672 I Acarus from Cavia Capybara (Linn:) 673 I Ricinus from Rhynchops 674 I Moth common on the Mount 675 I Beetle. found in the middle of an ants nest. 676 I Carabidous beetle. common under the drift of the tide. 677 I X [entries 677 and 678 later crossed through] Heterom: 4: Poecilus. Dermestes. Necrobia. Haltica. Galeruca. Coccinella. Forficula. Harpales. Omarus. Pterostichus. Trechus. Peryphus. 2 Curculio. Forficula. Corixa. 2 Harpalus. Noloptes. Capsida. Colymbetes. Formia
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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opposite] Abdomen possessed the bones articulated to Pelvis: [listed as Didelphis crassicaudata in Zoology 2:94-5] 1283 A X Didelphis. [note opposite] Intestine full of remains of insects chiefly ants some Hemipterous; caught by digging. [listed as Didelphis brachyura in Zoology 2:97] 1284 A X Gerbillus (?) Eyes ears very large. looked like a small rabbit. [note opp.] Caught in open camp by trap bated with cheese. V 188 (a) account of Toco Toco [further note] Having seen small specimen at B. Blanca
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A827
Beagle Library:
Seoane, Mateo. 1831. Neuman and Baretti's dictionary of the Spanish and English Languages. 5th ed. 2 vols. London: n.p. Volume 1: Spanish and English.
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ants suck. 2. Seed resembling the berry of laurel. 3. (Na t.) Sort of small vessel. 4. (Gal.) Figure of a large serpent borne at festivals. 5. (Na t.) Turn or twist of a cable. 6. Kind of a red gum. 7. (Ant.) Head. COC R, va. 1. To make grimaces or wry faces. 2. (Met.) To coax, to gain by wheedling and flattering. COCAR R, va. To gather or collect the leaves of cocoa. COCC NEO, NEA, a. Of a purple colour. COCCI N, sf. Coction, the boiling of any thing. C CE, sf. (Ant.) A kick. V. Coz. COCEAD R
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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exilis 52, 140 Amphiroa exilis var. crassiuscula 52 Amphiroa orbigniana 188, 396, 408 Ampullaria 57, 328, 377, 382, 389 Anaspidea 12, 18, 39, 49 Angel-fish 75 Anisodoris fontaini 256 Anisodoris punctuolata 130 Ant-mimicking spider 46 Anthoathecata 218, 220, 265 Anthus 151, 157, 214, 298, 393, 398, 417 Anthus correndera 157, 214, 398 Anthus furcatus 151 Ants 28, 29, 104, 154, 156, 236, 328, 339, 373, 374, 378, 387 Anumbius rubber 157 Anysomyaria 110 Aperea xx, 164, 209, 340, 387, 396 Aphodius 175
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shades in proportion so much darker Scale in nature amongst spiders kept up by hymenop1 in absence of Carabid supplied by the Ants. 2 may after been less of insects caterpillars June 10th [1832] gneiss dipping SW! silence well exemplified 1 Hymenoptera: social insects (wasps, ants, bees etc). 2 This observation was published in Journal of researches, p. 39. [page 85b
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rock like modern breccia dipping to N by W Gen: obser: 15th [March 1832] Small black ant putting everything to flight,1 spiders blattae2 in great agitation 1 See specimens 357-8 in Zoology notes, p. 29. Darwin's insects, p. 48, reports that the specimens have not been found but the ants were ''driver ants' (subfamily Dorylinae), probably of the genus Eciton.' 2 Cockroaches. [page 73b
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ants nest 3 feet high 2 thick with a tube at bottom Lichen,1 mosses Terns noddy on trees alight beautiful pink flowers on the top of mountain on trees 1 Specimen not in spirits 309 in Zoology notes, p. 372 'from the highest peak of Fernando Noronha'. [page 46b
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a very long day almost without rest to Rio Comboata: miserable venda. passed through an interesting cultivated country: this is the interior road, branching off at Paratra; Many of the fields from numbers of ants nest looked like Humboldt mud volcanoes [page 34b
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A832
Beagle Library:
Turner, Sharon. 1832. The sacred history of the world, as displayed in the Creation and subsequent events to the Deluge, attempted to be philosophically considered in a series of letters to a son. Volume 1. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman.
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pitched battles and to deny them a similarity of mind with those of their superiors, who have soldiers, tacties, and wars.76 That Ants have slaves; and make expeditions to capture other Ants, to reduce them to servitude;77 that they should keep smaller Insects, the Aphides, in order that they may milk them, or extract from their bodies a saccharine fluid for their own nourishment, as we take the milk from cows;78 and that they should keep assemblages of these, as their separate and private
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A832
Beagle Library:
Turner, Sharon. 1832. The sacred history of the world, as displayed in the Creation and subsequent events to the Deluge, attempted to be philosophically considered in a series of letters to a son. Volume 1. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman.
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fact instrumental to their own amusement.64 One species displays a spirit of cannibalism toward each other, which evi 62 He found the Ants feasting on some treacle in his closet. He shook them out, and suspended the pot by a string from the ceiling. One Ant had happened to remain, and, after eating its fill, found its way up the string with some difficulty, crawled on it to the ceiling, and thence along the wall to its nest. In less than half an hour a great company of Ants sallied out of their
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A832
Beagle Library:
Turner, Sharon. 1832. The sacred history of the world, as displayed in the Creation and subsequent events to the Deluge, attempted to be philosophically considered in a series of letters to a son. Volume 1. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman.
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laws and polities. What seemed poetry in Virgil as to the Bees, has been found to be only a part of the truth, as to their associations. The diminutive Ants are still most extraordinary. The Wasps display kindred minds and habits.75 It is not possible to read of the wars and duels of the Ants, or of the Bees to find them assemble in armies, make evolutions, and fight 74 N. Dict. d'Hist. Nat. Kirby, v. 4, p. 21. Mr. Rennie also says, 'Social Insects, as soon as they arrive at maturity, are
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A832
Beagle Library:
Turner, Sharon. 1832. The sacred history of the world, as displayed in the Creation and subsequent events to the Deluge, attempted to be philosophically considered in a series of letters to a son. Volume 1. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman.
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The actions and habits of the Insect World display the same kind of animal mind and feeling which the Birds and Quadrupeds exhibit. If there be a difference, it is not to the disadvantage of the Insects; for the Ants, and Bees, and Wasps, and especially the smallest of these, the Ants, do things, and exercise sensibilities, and combine for purposes, and achieve ends, that bring them nearer to mankind than any other class of animated nature. As much maternal care in depositing their eggs as
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A832
Beagle Library:
Turner, Sharon. 1832. The sacred history of the world, as displayed in the Creation and subsequent events to the Deluge, attempted to be philosophically considered in a series of letters to a son. Volume 1. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman.
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ply memory also, which many facts satisfactorily indicate.59 There seem to be reasonable grounds to infer that Insects communicate their ideas and wishes to each other;60 and that Ants perceive what another needs, and voluntarily assist him to attain his end.61 Dr. Franklin inferred such a communication between this class of Insects, from a fact of his own observa 59 A swarm of Bees lodged in an opening beneath some tiles. They were drawn from this place, and hived; but every year, for eight
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