F1938    Periodical contribution:     [Darwin, C. R.] 1862. Notice on the Habits of the "Agricultural Ant" of Texas ["Stinging Ant" or "Mound-making Ant," Myrmica (Atta) malefaciens, Buckley]. By Gideon Lincecum, Esq., M.D. Communicated by Charles Darwin, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S. [Read 18 April 1861] Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 6: 29-31.   Text   Image   PDF

same agricultural attention as was bestowed upon the previous crop,—and so on year after year, as I know to be the case, in all situations where the ants' settlements are protected from graminivorous animals. In a second letter, Dr. Lincecum in reply to an inquiry from Mr. Darwin, whether he supposed that the ants plant seeds for the ensuing crop, says, I have not the slightest doubt of it. And my conclusions have not been arrived at from hasty or careless observation, nor from seeing the ants

F655    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1862. De l'origine des espèces ou des lois du progrès chez les êtres organisés. Translated and with preface and notes by Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Paris: Guillaumin et Cie.   Text   Image   PDF

qu'elles soient pour nous, sont cependant tr s-suffisantes pour causer d'abord la raret d'une esp ce et finalement son extinction. On comprend si peu cette loi, que j'ai vu souvent des gens ne pouvoir revenir de l' tonnement que leur causait l'extinction de g ants de l'organisation tels que le Mastodonte, ou le Dinosaure plus ancien encore, comme si la seule force physique suffisait donner la victoire dans la bataille de la vie. La grande taille d'une esp ce, au contraire, peut quelquefois en

F655    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1862. De l'origine des espèces ou des lois du progrès chez les êtres organisés. Translated and with preface and notes by Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Paris: Guillaumin et Cie.   Text   Image   PDF

nombreuses migrations r ciproques, les types les plus faibles c deront la place des formes dominantes, de sorte qu'il ne peut y avoir rien d'immuable dans les lois de la distribution pass e ou actuelle des formes de la vie. On demandera peut tre, par mani re de raillerie, si je suppose que le M gatherium et d'autres g ants semblables ont laiss derri re eux dans l'Am rique du Sud, comme [page] 47

CUL-DAR27.2.A1-A54    Draft:    [1864]   On the sexual relations of the three forms of Lythrum salicaria   Text   Image

have called complemental males; we have, as Mr. Wallace has lately shown, the females of certain Lepidoptera existing under three distinct forms; but in none of these cases is there any reason to suppose suspect that there is more than one female or one male sexual element. With certain insects, as low as with ants in which there exist besides males females, two or three castes of workers, we have a slightly nearer approach to our case, for the workers are so far sexually affected, as to have been

A564.1    Review:     [DuBois Henry A.] 1865. The origin and antiquity of man: Darwin, Huxley and Lyell [part I]. American Quarterly Church Review, and Ecclesiastical Register 17 (2) (July): 169-197.   Text   Image   PDF

expression, is offered as a full and logical solution of the whole difficulty. We will give but two instances, out of a host. The constant re-production, in every community of bees and ants, of working neuters, presenting a fixed structure different from their parents, is a mystery which is fatal to his hypothesis; for this peremptorily demands that the acquisition and perpetuation of any given form, shall be the effect of direct inheritance. His hypothesis, therefore, will not apply to those forms the

F385    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1866. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 4th ed. 8th thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

yielding, as was first observed by Huber, their sweet excretion to ants: that they do so voluntarily, the following facts show. I removed all the ants from a group of about a dozen aphides on a dock-plant, and prevented their attendance during several hours. After this interval, I felt sure that the aphides would want to excrete. I watched them for some time through a lens, but not one excreted; I then tickled and stroked them with a hair in the same manner, as well as I could, as the ants do

F385    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1866. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 4th ed. 8th thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

Existence embraced by the theory of Natural Selection.. .. .. .. .. .. .. Page 199-247 CHAPTER VII. INSTINCT. Instincts comparable with habits, but different in their origin Instincts graduated Aphides and ants Instincts variable Domestic instincts, their origin Natural instincts of the cuckoo, ostrich, and parasitic bees Slave-making ants Hive-bee, its cell-making instinct Changes of instinct and structure not necessarily simultaneous Difficulties on the theory of the Natural Selection of instincts

F385    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1866. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 4th ed. 8th thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

. fusca); sometimes as many as three of these ants clinging to the legs of the slave-making F. sanguinea. The latter ruthlessly killed their small opponents, and carried their dead bodies as food to their nest, twenty-nine yards distant; but they were prevented from getting any pup to rear as slaves. I then dug up a small parcel of the pup of F. fusca from another nest, and put them down on a bare spot near the place of combat; they were eagerly seized and carried off by the tyrants, who perhaps

F385    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1866. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 4th ed. 8th thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

tendency to produce sterile members having the same modification. And I believe that this process has been repeated, until that prodigious amount of difference between the fertile and sterile females of the same species has been produced, which we see in so many social insects. But we have not as yet touched on the climax of the difficulty; namely, the fact that the neuters of several ants differ, not only from the fertile females and males, but from each other, sometimes to an almost incredible

F385    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1866. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 4th ed. 8th thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

can see how useful their production may have been to a social community of ants, on the same principle that the division of labour is useful to civilised man. Ants, however, work by inherited instincts and by inherited organs or tools, whilst man works by acquired knowledge and manufactured instruments. But I must confess, that, with all my faith in natural selection, I should never have anticipated that this principle could have been efficient in so high a degree, had not the case of these