F391    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1872. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 6th ed.; with additions and corrections. Eleventh thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

is the existence in the same community of two or three defined castes of workers or sterile female ants; but I have attempted to show how these difficulties can be mastered. With respect to the almost universal sterility of species when first crossed, which forms so remarkable a contrast with the almost universal fertility of varieties when crossed, I must refer the reader to the recapitulation of the facts given at the end of the ninth chapter, which seem to me conclusively to show that this

F391    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1872. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 6th ed.; with additions and corrections. Eleventh thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

islands, 349. Hopkins, Mr., on denudation, 274. Hornbill, remarkable instinct of, 234. Horns, rudimentary, 400. Horse, fossil, in La Plata, 294. ——, proportions of, when young, 392. Horses destroyed by flies in Paraguay, 56. ——, striped, 128. Horticulturists, selection applied by, 23. Huber, on cells of bees, 224. ——, P., on reason blended with, instinct, 205. ——, on habitual nature of instincts, 206. ——, on slave-making ants, 216. ——, on Melipona domestica, 220. Hudson, Mr., on the Ground

F391    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1872. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 6th ed.; with additions and corrections. Eleventh thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

-making instinct of certain ants; and the cell-making power of the hive-bee. These two latter instincts have generally and justly been ranked by naturalists as the most wonderful of all known instincts. Instincts of the Cuckoo.—It is supposed by some naturalists that the more immediate cause of the instinct of the cuckoo is, that she lays her eggs, not daily, but at intervals of two or three days; so that, if she were to make her own nest and sit on her own eggs, those first laid would have to be left

CUL-DAR87.119-120    Printed:    1872.10.10   Review of Houzeau J.C `Etudes sur les facultés mentales des animaux comparées à celles de l'homme' `Nature' 6: 469-471   Text   Image

treated. M. Houzeau is evidently unacquainted with Mr. Galton's researches, or he would not have arrived at the conclusion that a more or less complete transmission of the physical type with independence more or less absolute of the intellectual and moral type,—such is the law of observation, the law of nature. In his last lecture on Sociability the doctrine is boldly advocated that of all animals Ants approach nearest to man in their social condition. They represent semi-civilised societies; while

F1760    Periodical contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1873. Origin of certain instincts. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 7 (3 April): 417-418.   Text   Image   PDF

sterile workers have somewhat different habits and instincts, as shown by their combs. There are also many species of ants, the fertile females of which are believed not themselves to work, but to be served by the neuters, which capture and drag them to their nests; and the instincts of the neuters in the different species of the same genus are often different. All who believe in the principle of evolution will admit that with social insects the closely allied species of the same genus are

F1810    Periodical contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1873. Instinct: Perception in ants. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 7 (10 April): 443-4.   Text   Image   PDF

On the mantelshelf of our sitting-room my wife has the habit of keeping fresh flowers. A vase stands at each end, and near the middle a small tumbler, usually filled with violets. Sometime ago I noticed a file of very small red ants on the wall above the left-hand vase, passing upward and downward between the mantelshelf and a small hole near the ceiling, at a point where a picture-nail had been driven. The ants, when first observed, were not very numerous, but gradually increased in number

F944    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

, briefly specify a few points. Ants certainly communicate information to each other, and several unite for the same work, or for games of play. They recognise their fellow-ants after months of absence, and feel sympathy for each other. They build great edifices, keep them clean, close the doors in the evening, and post sentries. They make roads as well as tunnels under rivers, and temporary bridges over them, by clinging together. They collect food for the community, and when an object, too large for

F944    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

each other after long intervals of time, and are deeply attached. For instance, Pierre Huber, whose accuracy no one doubts, separated some ants, and when, after an interval of four months, they met others which had formerly belonged to the same community, they recognised and caressed one another with their antenn . Had they been strangers they would have fought together. Again, when two communities engage in a battle, the ants on the same side sometimes attack each other in the general

F944    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

reduction of the canine teeth in the males would almost certainly affect the teeth of the females through inheritance. As the various mental faculties gradually developed themselves the brain would almost certainly become larger. No one, I presume, doubts that the large proportion which the size of man's brain bears to his body, compared to the same proportion in the gorilla or orang, is closely connected with his higher mental powers. We meet with closely analogous facts with insects, for in ants

F944    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2d ed. 10 thousand. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

to him in my old manner; he shewed no joy, but instantly followed me out walking, and obeyed me, exactly as if I had parted with him only half an hour before. A train of old associations, dormant during five years, had thus been instantaneously awakened in his mind. Even ants, as P. Huber18 has clearly shewn, recognised their fellow-ants belonging to the same community after a separation of four months. Animals can certainly by some means judge of the intervals of time between recurrent events