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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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known to all the country people near, and an old man, apparently about eighty years of age, told me that he had known it ever since he was a boy. The ants carrying the cocoons did not appear to be emigrating; following the line, I saw many ascending a tall fir-tree still carrying their cocoons. But when I looked closely I found that all the cocoons were empty cases. This astonished me, and next day I got a man to observe with me, and we again saw ants bringing empty cocoons out of the nest
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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superinduced variation like those of which a cattle-breeder avails himself. Pages would be required thus to state an objection and remove it. It would be better, as you wish to persuade, to say nothing. Leave out several sentences, and in a future edition bring it out more fully. Between the throwing down of such a stumbling-block in the way of the reader, and the passage to the working ants, in p. 460, there are pages required; and these ants are a bathos to him before he has recovered from the
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INDEX. A. Ainsworth, Mr. W. F., on Darwin at Edinburgh, 22 Allen, Mr. Grant, on Darwin, 23, 31, 95, 112 Ancestry of the Darwins, 11, 12, 14 Andes, 43, 45 Antiquity of man, 113 Ants, Observations on, 88, 89 Arch ology and earthworms, 151, 152 Athen um, The, 22, 94, 124 B. Bahia, 32 Bahia Blanca, 38 Beagle, H.M.S., 27, 29, 34, 36, 40, 41, 44, 45, 48, 52-60, 65 Bees, Observations on, 88, 89 Bell, Sir C., Anatomy of Expression, 126 Bentley, T., and Darwin's mother, 17 Blushing, 133 Bladderwort
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made during his stay at Rio, when tropical nature was still a fresh and unexplored page to the young observer, are wonderful. Cabbage palms, liana creepers, luxuriant fern leaves roads, bridges, and soil planarian worms, frogs which climbed perpendicular sheets of glass, the light of fireflies, brilliant butterflies, fights between spiders and wasps, the victories of ants over difficulties, the habits of monkeys, the little Brazilian boys practising knife-throwing all these came in turn under his
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, sometimes recurring to a shape which they had at first rejected. Here surely he was watching evolution in that slow, gradual process which appears to be the rule. The castes of neuter ants, constituting as they did by far the most serious special difficulty Darwin had encountered, were similarly studied; but, as expected, gradations were found connecting them, although the extremes differ markedly in shape and size. The case is 1The full text of a large part of Darwin's original chapter on
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to make mistakes; and that no instinct has been produced for the exclusive good of other animals, but that each animal takes advantage of the instincts of others. It is to him far more satisfactory to look at such instincts as the young cuckoo ejecting its foster-brothers, ants making slaves, the larv of ichneumonid feeding within the live bodies of caterpillars, not as specially endowed or created instincts, but as small consequences of one general law, leading to the advancement of all
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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varieties. I happened to speak of the eye before he had read that part, and it took away his breath utterly impossible structure function, c., c., c., but when he had read it he hummed and hawed, and perhaps it was partly conceivable, and then he fell back on the bones of the ear, which were beyond all probability or conceivability. He mentioned a slight blot, which I also observed, that in speaking of the slave-ants carrying one another, you change the species without giving notice first, and
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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Inherited Instinct. 'Nature,' Feb. 13, 1873, vol. vii. p. 281. Perception in the Lower Animals. 'Nature,' March 13, 1873, vol. vii. p. 360. Origin of certain instincts. 'Nature,' April 3, 873, vol. vii. p. 417. Habits of Ants. 'Nature,' July 24, 1873, vol. viii. p. 244. On the Males and Complemental Males of Certain Cirripedes, and on Rudimentary Structures. 'Nature,' Sept. 25, 1873, vol. viii. p. 431. Recent researches on Termites and Honey-bees. 'Nature,' Feb. 19, 1874, vol. ix. p. 308
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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lots of wood-cuts give some by all means of ants. The public appreciate monkeys our poor cousins. What sexual differences are there in monkeys? Have you kept them tame? if so, about their expression. I fear that you will hardly read my vile hand-writing, but I cannot without killing trouble write better. You shall have my candid opinion on your MS., but remember it is hard to judge from MS., one reads slowly, and heavy parts seem much heavier. A first-rate judge thought my Journal very poor
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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thinking that natural selection would come in, and likewise with the Esquimaux, with whom the art of fishing and managing canoes is said to be hereditary. I rather differ on the rank, under a classificatory point of view, which you assign to man; I do not think any character simply in excess ought ever to be used for the higher divisions. Ants would not be separated from other hymenopterous insects, however high the instinct of the one, and however low the instincts of the other. With respect to the
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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serve as evidence. With many thanks, my dear sir, Yours sincerely, CH. DARWIN. * The late Mr. Moggridge, author of 'Harvesting Ants and Trap-door Spiders,' 'Flora of Mentone,' c. He once remarked to Dr. Norman Moore that one of the things that made him wish to live a few thousand years, was his desire to see the extinction of the Bee-orchis, an end to which he believed its self-fertilising habit was leading. [page] 27
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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hermaphrodite, not fitted for self-impregnation, iii. 260. Animism, iii. 157. 'An s-section,' iii. 202. 'Annals and Magazine of Natural History,' review of the 'Origin' in the, ii. 284; reprint of article by Asa Gray in the, ii. 353. Antarctic Continent, possible former, iii. 248; Tertiary, iii. 231. fossil plants, ignorance of, iii. 247. Anti-Jacobin, ii. 324 note, 325, 331. Anti-theism, ii. 202. Ants, habits of, ii. 365; size of the brain in the sexes of, iii. 191; battles of, iii. 191; interbreeding
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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, i. 328. BRODERIP. Boulders on the Azores, ii. 112, 113. transported by floating ice, paper on, i. 302. Bournemouth, residence at, ii. 383. Bowen, Prof. F., hostile review by, in the 'Memoirs of the American Academy of Sciences,' ii. 349, 354; Asa Gray on the opinions of, ii. 359; on heredity, ii. 372. Brace, Mr. and Mrs. C. L., visit to Down, iii. 165. Brachiopoda, evidence from, of descent with modification, ii. 366. Brain, size of the, in the sexes of ants, iii. 191. Branch-climbers, iii. 317
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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, iii. 295. , love of, i. 116. Flustra, form allied to, i. 249; paper on the larv of, i. 39. Forbes, David, on the geology of Chile, ii. 355. FRANCE. Forbes, Prof. Edward, ii. 38.; on continental extensions, ii. 72; iii. 35. Ford, G. H., illustrations to the 'Descent of Man,' iii. 121. Fordyce, J., extract from letter to, 304. Forel, Auguste, letter to, on ants, iii. 191. Forest, tropical, delight in, i. 237, 241. Forests, Brazilian, sublimity of the, iii. 54. 'Formation of Vegetable Mould
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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the British Association Meeting at Oxford, ii. 327; on the pedigree of the Mammalia, ii. 341; on Krohn's remarks on Cirripedes, ii. 345; on Bronn's objections, ii. 346; on preparations for the third edition of the 'Origin,' and on electric fishes, ii. 352; on the views of Bowen and Agassiz, ii. 359; on the 'Antiquity of Man,' and on the habits of Ants, ii. 365; on Maw's review of the 'Origin,' ii. 376; on variability, ii. 387; on Falconer's views with regard to elephants, ii. 389. Lyell, Sir C
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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, ii. 201; revival of, iii. 255. and morphology, reconciliation of, by Darwinism, iii. 189. Tenderness of disposition, i. 132 138, 166, 167. Tendrils of plants, irritability of the iii. 311, 312, 313. Teneriffe, i. 390; desire to visit, i. 55; first view of, i. 239; projected excursion to, i. 190. Terrestrial animals, difficulty as to dispersal of, ii. 85. and Aquatic plants, sexual characteristics of British, iii. 304. Tertiary Antarctic Continent, iii. 231. Texas, habits of Ants in, ii. 365
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A315
Pamphlet:
H.A.S. [1888]. Darwin and his works: a biological & metaphysical study. London: John Bale and Sons.
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c. (d) Then again they keep other insects for the purpose of furnishing them with a sweet secretion. The aphides are larger than ants and act as cows: the ants build a mud wall or stable around them with a door just large enough for the ants to go out, but not for the aphides. They go in quest of eggs in October which they find on daisies; these they store and hatch in March; directly they are born the ants take them to pasture on daisies, and then escort them home. (e) The keeping of slaves
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A315
Pamphlet:
H.A.S. [1888]. Darwin and his works: a biological & metaphysical study. London: John Bale and Sons.
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, the other is reflective; the one adaptive, antecedent to experience, and the other adaptive after this is gained. It is found that the most extraordinary examples of instinct are seen in ants. All the ants of every nest know each other personally, and this in an ant town of 2,000 nests. This is proved by taking to a nest a foreign ant, who is immediately slain. (b) Again, if you take away the crysales or eggs out of an ant nest, and hatch them at a distance, and then return them to the nest, the
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F1225
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1888. Insectivorous plants. 2d ed. Revised by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray.
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, and the fluid with which they are often partially filled is simply collected rain-water. Adventitious roots are numerous and commonly enter the cavities of the pitchers. Delpino (quoted by Treub) believes that the pitchers serve to collect ants, c., whose dead bodies may supply food to the roots. Treub on the other hand believes that the drowning of ants within the pitchers is accidental rather than wilful on the part of the plant. He points out that no arrangement for retaining the ants exists
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A336
Book:
Gray, Asa. 1888. Darwiniana: Essays and reviews pertaining to Darwinism. New York: D. Appleton.
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, leading up, as it does, to the Californian type of pitcher presently to be mentioned. But the remaining species, S. variolaris, is the most wonderful of our pitcher-plants in its adaptations for the capture of insects. The inflated and mottled lid or hood overarches the ample orifice of the tubular pitcher sufficiently to ward off the rain, but not to obstruct the free access of flying insects. Flies, ants, and most insects, glide and fall from the treacherous smooth throat into the deep well
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