F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

my great surprise, find on the boundless surface of the calcareous plain even a single pebble. Quartz-pebbles, however, of considerable size have at some period been transported to a distance of between forty and fifty miles to the shores of Bahia Blanca.* The highest peak of the S. Ventana is, by Captain Fitzroy's measurement, 3340 feet, and the calcareous plain at its foot (from observations taken by some Spanish officers†) 840 feet above the sea-level. On the flanks of the mountains, at a

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

being deposited, and before being wholly covered up by the gravel. Besides the remains in the condition here described, I found one single fragment of bone very much rolled, and as black as jet, so as perfectly to resemble some of the remains from Monte Hermoso. Very many of the bones had been broken, abraded, and rolled, before being embedded. Others, even some of those included in the coarsest parts of the now hard conglomerate, still retain all their * After having packed up my specimens at Bahia

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

from the Southern United States of North America to Bahia Blanca, in lat. 39° S., on the coast of Patagonia. The fact of these animals having inhabited tropical and temperate regions, does not appear to me any great difficulty, seeing that at the Cape of Good Hope several quadrupeds, such as the elephant and hippopotamus, range from the equator to lat. 35° south. The case of the Mastodon Andium is one of more difficulty, for it is found from lat. 36° S., over, as I have reason to believe, nearly

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

aided the deceptive appearance. At Bahia, in Brazil, we have seen that a true injected hornblendic dike, not only has suffered metamorphosis, but has been dislocated and even diffused in the surrounding gneiss, under the form of separate crystals and of fragments. Falkland Islands. — I have described these islands in a paper published in the third volume of the Geological Journal. The mountain-ridges consist of quartz, and the lower country of clay-slate and sandstone, the latter containing

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

the silver mines of Coquimbo, 211 on the fossils of Coquimbo, 215 D'Orbigny, M. A., on upraised shells of Monte Video, 2 on elevated shells at S. Pedro, 2 near. B. Ayres, 3 on elevation of S. Blas, 5 on the sudden elevation of La Plata, 17 on elevated shells near Cobija, 46 near Arica, 47 on the climate of Peru, 48 on salt deposits of Cobija, 70 on crystals of gypsum in salt-lakes, 74 on absence of gypsum in the Pampean formation, 78 on fossil remains from Bahia Blanca, 84, 86 on fossil remains

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

formation of, 90 crystalline rocks of, 144 Mammalia, fossil, of Bahia Blanca, 81, 84 near St. Fé, 89 of Banda Oriental, 92 at S. Julian, 95 at Port Gallegos, 117 [page] 27

CUL-DAR39.128-129    Note:    [1846.01.31]   [List of Darwin's Bahia Blanca shells identified]   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [128] [in Darwin's handwriting:] Compare this with 8 Orby Mollucs vivants Toutes les …….. de la Bahia Blanca tout id ….. aun u….. follilis … Baie de San-Blas, et …. toutes vivants douis la mer vo…. par les meuin cotes. [passage mostly untranscribed] + 1. Volutella angulata, d'Orb. (viv. a la Bahia de San Blas) + 2 Voluta Braziliana, Soland. BB? — ug (d'Orb. moll. di l'am. Mer. et dans un Saliont del'amer. mer. + 3 Olivancilla brasilivum, d'Orb — ug

A149    Periodical contribution:     Hooker, J. D. 1847. An enumeration of the plants of the Galapagos Archipelago; with descriptions of those which are new. [Read 4 March, 6 May, and 16 December 1845]. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 20: 163-233.   Text   Image   PDF

of this genus it is impossible to determine a solitary species. The present is also a plant of Bahia, and possibly not distinct from P. peploides. EUPHORBIACE . 69. EUPHORBIA PILULIFERA, Spr. (E. globulifera, H. B. K.) Kunth Synops. i. p. 386. Hab. James Island, Charles Darwin, Esq. I have the same state from South Brazil. Apparently a variety, with the stems naked, ascending below, and hairy above. 70. E. MACULATA, L. Hab. Charles Island, Charles Darwin, Esq. A very common plant in the warm

A680    Review:     Anon. 1847. [Review of] Geological observations made during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. British Quarterly Review 5: 358-387.   Text   PDF

such an embrace, could long withstand the efforts of its 'ponderous assailant.' Remains of several other allied genera of animals have also been found, which we cannot now describe. Along with them, at Punta Alta, near Bahia Blanca, there was a double piece, about three feet long and two wide, of the bony armour of a large quadruped like the armadillo. Its two sides were pressed nearly close together, and from between them parts of the feet were extracted, and hence one or more of the limbs must

A586    Book:     Lindley, John. 1853. The vegetable kingdom; or, the structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system. 3d ed. London: Bradbury & Evans.   Text   Image

given to Selaginella convoluta, Spring, also called Lycopodium squamptum, a plant remarkable for its hygrometrical properties, rolling up into a ball when dry and unrolling again when damped, is asserted by Martins, who found it abundantly in the provinces of Bahia and Pernambuco, to act upon the mucous mem* brane, especially of the uropoetic system. Potentiam virilem amissam ejus decocto reduci posse perfaibent, quo jure nescio. He, however, advises a full trial to be made of these and the East

F339.2    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1854. A monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Balanidæ, (or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. etc. etc. London: The Ray Society. vol. 2.   Text   Image   PDF

, being about half as long as the sack. In a specimen from La Plata, this organ ended rather more abruptly in a point than it did in other specimens. Mouth.—The crest of the labrum is usually hairy, but in a specimen from Bahia (Brazil) there were some very fine teeth. The palpi vary somewhat in shape, and sometimes have a row of bristles along their basal exterior margins. The mandibles usually have four main teeth, the lowest one being confluent with the inferior pectinated angle: in var. depressus

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

CHAPTER IV. Rio Negro Estancias attacked by the Indians Salt Lakes Flamingoes R. Negro to R. Colorado Sacred Tree Patagonian Hare Indian Families General Rosas Proceed to Bahia Blanca Sand Dunes Negro Lieutenant Bahia Blanca Saline Incrustations Punta Alta Zorillo .. Page 63 CHAPTER V. Bahia Blanca Geology Numerous gigantic extinct Quadrupeds Recent Extinction Longevity of Species Large Animals do not require a luxuriant Vegetation Southern Africa Siberian Fossils Two species of Ostrich Habits

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

CHAPTER V. Bahia Blanca Geology Numerous gigantic extinct Quadrupeds Recent Extinction Longevity of Species Large Animals do not require a luxuriant vegetation Southern Africa Siberian Fossils Two Species of Ostrich Habits of Oven-bird Armadilloes Venomous Snake, Toad, Lizard Hybernation of Animals Habits of Sea-Pen Indians Wars and Massacres Arrow-head, antiquarian Relic. BAHIA BLANCA. THE Beagle arrived here on the 24th of August, and a week afterwards sailed for the Plata. With Captain Fitz

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Porto Praya Ribeira Grande Atmospheric Dust with Infusoria Habits of a Sea-slug and Cuttle-fish St. Paul's Rocks, non-volcanic Singular Incrustations Insects the first Colonists of Islands Fernando Noronha Bahia Burnished Rocks Habits of a Diodon Pelagic Conferv and Infusoria Causes of discoloured Sea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Page 1 CHAPTER II. Rio de Janeiro Excursion north of Cape Frio Great Evaporation Slavery Botofogo Bay Terrestrial Planari Clouds on the Corcovado

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

When we were at Bahia, an elater or beetle (Pyrophorus luminosus, Illig.) seemed the most common luminous insect. The light in this case was also rendered more brilliant by irritation. I amused myself one day by observing the springing powers of this insect, which have not, as it appears to me, been properly described.* The elater, when placed on its back and preparing to spring, moved its head and thorax backwards, so that the pectoral spine was drawn out, and rested on the edge of its sheath

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

a hundred reasons why they could not have been Indians; but all these were forgotten at the time. We then rode on in peace and quietness to a low point called Punta Alta, whence we could see nearly the whole of the great harbour of Bahia Blanca. The wide expanse of water is choked up by numerous great mud-banks, which the inhabitants call Cangrejales, or crabberies, from the number of small crabs. The mud is so soft that it is impossible to walk over them, even for the shortest distance. Many

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

any low bank of firm sandy soil by the side of a road or stream. Here (at Bahia Blanca) the walls round the houses are built of hardened mud; and I noticed that one, which enclosed a courtyard where I lodged, was bored through by round holes in a score of places. On asking the owner the cause of this, he bitterly complained of the little casarita, several of which I afterwards observed at work. It is rather curious to find how incapable these birds must be of acquiring any notion of thickness

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

, as other toads are, and living in damp obscure recesses, it crawls during the heat of the day about the dry sand-hillocks and arid plains, where not a single drop of water can be found. It must necessarily depend on the dew for its moisture; and this probably is absorbed by the skin, for it is known, that these reptiles possess great powers of cutaneous absorption. At Maldonado, I found one in a situation nearly as dry as at Bahia Blanca, and thinking to give it a great treat, carried it to a

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

saved his life by betraying the intended plan of warfare, and the point of union in the Andes. It was believed that there were already six or seven hundred Indians together, and that in summer their numbers would be doubled. Ambassadors were to have been sent to the Indians at the small Salinas, near Bahia Blanca, whom I have mentioned that this same cacique had betrayed. The communication, therefore, between the Indians, extends from the Cordillera to the coast of the Atlantic. General Rosas's

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

differ in size on the outer and inner rows of cells, I have little doubt, that in their functions, they are related rather to the horny axis of the branches than to the polypi in the cells. The fleshy appendage at the lower extremity of the sea-pen (described at Bahia Blanca) also forms part of the zoophyte, as a whole, in the same manner as the roots of a tree form part of the whole tree, and not of the individual leaf or flower-buds. In another elegant little coralline (Crisia?), each cell was

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

carrion-hawks, 184 Australia, 431 Australian barrier, 474 Azara on spiders, 36, 38 on rain in La Plata, 47 Azara on range of carrion-hawks, 59 on habits of carrion-hawks, 57 on a thunder-storm, 61 on ostrich-eggs, 91 on bows and arrows, 105 on new plants springing up, 119 on great droughts, 133 on hydrophobia, 353 Bachman, Mr., on carrion-hawks, 185 Bahia Blanca, 76 to 105 Bahia, Brazil, 11 , scenery of, 495 Balbi on coral reefs, 470 Bald Head, Australia, 450 Ballenar, Chile, 349 Banda Oriental, 39

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

wholly composed of matter which has been organized: he detects in it some siliceous-shielded, fresh-water infusoria, and no less than twenty-five different kinds of the siliceous tissue of plants, chiefly of grasses. * Monats. der K nig. Akad. d. Wiss. zu Berlin. Vom April, 1845. [page] 495 BAHIA, BRAZIL. 1836

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

JOURNAL. CHAPTER I. Porto Praya Ribeira Grande Atmospheric Dust with Infusoria Habits of a Sea-slug and Cuttle-fish St. Paul's Rocks, non-volcanic Singular Incrustations Insects the first Colonists of Islands Fernando Noronha Bahia Burnished Rocks Habits of a Diodon Pelagic Conferv and Infusoria Causes of discoloured Sea. ST. JAGO CAPE DE VERD ISLANDS. AFTER having been twice driven back by heavy south-western gales, Her Majesty's ship Beagle, a ten-gun brig, under the command of Captain Fitz

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

turn round to either side. This latter movement is effected solely by the aid of the pectoral fins; the tail being collapsed, and not used. From the body being buoyed up with so much air, the branchial openings are out of water, but a stream drawn in by the mouth constantly flows through them. The fish, having remained in this distended state for a short [page] 14 BAHIA BRAZIL. [CHAP. I

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

and others returning, burdened with pieces of green leaf, often larger than their own bodies. A small dark-coloured ant sometimes migrates in countless numbers. One day, at Bahia, my attention was drawn by observing many spiders, cockroaches, and other insects, and some lizards, rushing in the greatest agitation across a bare piece of ground. A little way behind, every stalk and leaf was blackened by a small ant. The swarm having crossed the bare space, divided itself, and descended an old