Search Results - The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online

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F174 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Rejse om Jorden. Populære Skildringer. Translated by Emil Chr. Hansen and Alfred Jørgensen. Copenhagen: Salmonsen. Text Image PDF

Maade at staa i Forbindelse med dem, og da de ere for-skjellige i Henseende til St rrelsen af de ydre og indre Celler kker, saa er jeg n sten overbevist om, at de i deres Virksomhed snarere ere knyttede til Grenenes hornede Axe end til Polyperne i Cellerne. Det kj dede Vedh ng ved den nedre Ende af S fjeren (beskreven ved Bahia Bianca) danner ogsaa en Del af Polypen paa samme Maade som et Tr s R dder udgj r en Del af hele Tr et og ikke af hvert enkelt Blad eller af hver s rskilt Blomsterknop

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F174 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Rejse om Jorden. Populære Skildringer. Translated by Emil Chr. Hansen and Alfred Jørgensen. Copenhagen: Salmonsen. Text Image PDF

brier suge Honning af Blomsterne, og Papeg jer de Frugterne, paa „Winter's Bark -under 55° sydlig Brede. Jeg har allerede bem rket, i hvilken Grad Havet vrimler af levende Skabninger; Sneglene og Smaakrebsene (saasom PateM , Fissurell , Chiton, Lepadin ) opnaa efter Sowerby' en langt betydeligere St rrelse og kraftigere Udvikling end de tilsvarende Arter paa den nordlige Halvkugle. En stor Voluta er. meget almindelig ved den sydlige Del af Ildlandet og Falklands erne. Ved Bahia Bianca (39° s

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F174 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Rejse om Jorden. Populære Skildringer. Translated by Emil Chr. Hansen and Alfred Jørgensen. Copenhagen: Salmonsen. Text Image PDF

men ere almindelige i N rheden af Bahia Bianca. Landskabet fra Magelhaens-Str det langs med Patagoniens hele stlige Kyst til Rio Colorado har en ensformig Karakter. Og det synes, at Landet dybere inde lige fra denne Flod i en bueformet Linie til San Luis og maaske endogsaa nordligere har samme Beskaffenhed. sten for denne Buelinie ligger det Basin, som dannes af Buenos Ayres's forholdsvis fugtige og gr nne Sletter. Mendozas og Patagoniens ufrugtbare Sletter bestaa af et Lag Rullestene, som ere

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F174 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Rejse om Jorden. Populære Skildringer. Translated by Emil Chr. Hansen and Alfred Jørgensen. Copenhagen: Salmonsen. Text Image PDF

kun var tempor r. I hvordan det end forholder sig, kunne vi v re sikre paa, at en Ascensions Klima og Naturfrembringelser i en tidligere Periode vare aldeles forskjellige fra, hvad de nu ere. Og hvor finde vi vel overhovedet paa vor Jords Overflade en Plet, hvor en n jagtig Unders gelse ikke opdager Tegn paa dette endel se Kredsl b af Forandringer, som Kloden har v ret, er og viL blive underkastet? Efter at vi havde forladt Ascension sejlede vi til Bahia paa Brasiliens Kyst for at fuldst ndiggj

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

within then becomes silted up with mud. The repetition of this process, without any elevation of the land, would form a level plain traversed by parallel lines of sand-hillocks; during a slow elevation of the land, the hillocks would rest on a gently inclined surface, like that on the northern shore of Bahia Blanca. I did not observe any shells in this neighbourhood at a greater [page] 19

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

as the level Pampas ranges many hundred miles northward of the point, where M. d'Orbigny found at the height of 100 feet beds of the Azara, the space in a north and south line, which has been uplifted within the recent period, must have been much above the 1,180 miles. By the term 'recent,' I refer only to that period within which the now living mollusca were called into existence; for it will be seen in the eleventh Chapter, that both at Bahia Blanca and P. S. Julian, the mammiferous

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

of the Plata, being greater than at Bahia Blanca or at San Blas, may be owing to the upheaval of these latter places having been connected with the distant line of the Cordillera, whilst that of the provinces of La Plata was in connection with the adjoining tertiary volcanic axis. 2 See Sir W. Parish's work on 'La Plata,' p. 242. For a notice of an earthquake which drained a lake near Cordova, see also Temple's 'Travels in Peru.' Sir W. Parish informs me, that a town between Salta and Tucuman

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

had been gradual, these shells would all have been rolled on successive beach-lines. But in protected bays, such as in that of Bahia Blanca, wherever the sea is accumulating extensive mud-banks, or where the winds quietly heap up sand-dunes, beds of shells might assuredly be preserved buried in the positions in which they had lived, even whilst the land retained the same level; any, the smallest, amount of elevation would directly aid in [page] 21

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

transsported to a distance of between forty and fifty miles to the shores of Bahia Blanca.1 The highest peak of the S. Ventana is, by Captain Fitz Roy's measurement, 3,340 feet, and the calcareous plain at its foot (from observations taken by some 1 Schmidtmeyer ('Travels in Chile,' p. 150) states that he first noticed on the Pampas, very small bits of red granite, when fifty miles distant from the southern extremity of the mountains of Cordova, which project on the plain, like a reef into the sea. [page

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

that the whole skeleton was held together by its ligaments, when deposited in the gravel in which I found it. Some cervical vertebr and a humerus of corresponding size lay so close to- 1 After having packed up my specimens at Bahia Blanca, this point occurred to me, and I noted it; but forgot it on my return, until the remains had been cleaned and oiled: my attention was afterwards recalled to the subject by some remarks by M. d Orbigny. [page] 32

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

carbonate of lime: similar compact varieties are met with on the Salidillo and Seco. The absolute identity (I speak after a comparison of my specimens) between some of these varieties, and those from Tapalguen, and from the ridge south of Bahia Blanca, a distance of 400 miles of latitude, is very striking. At Resario there is but little tosca-rock: near this place I first noticed at the edge of the river traces of an underlying formation, which, twenty-five miles higher up in the estancia of Gorodona

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

Corrientes, which, as already remarked, is said not to be covered by the Pampean formation, and may therefore, at the period of its deposition, have existed as dry land. I have already given my reasons for believing that the animals embedded at M. Hermoso and at P. Alta in Bahia Blanca, lived on adjoining land, formed of parts of the already elevated Pampean deposit. With respect to the food of these many great extinct quadrupeds, I will not repeat the facts given in my Journal (second edit. p. 85

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

their remains permits of identification), extended from the Southern United States of North America to Bahia Blanca, in lat. 39 S., on the coast of Patagonia. The fact of these animals having inhabited tropical and temperate regions, does not appear to me any great difficulty, seeing that at the Cape of Good Hope several quadrupeds, such as the elephant and hippopotamus, range from the Equator to lat. 35 south. The case of the Mastodon Andium is one of more difficulty, for it is found from lat

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

hitherto met with of the discovery of fossil mammiferous remains in the Pampas, may be hereafter useful to a geologist investigating this region, and it tends to show their extraordinary abundance. I heard of and saw many fossils, the original position of which I could not ascertain; and I received many statements too vague to be here inserted. Beginning to the south: we have the two stations in Bahia Blanca, described in tihs chapter, where, at P. Alta, the Megatherium, Megalonyx, Scelidotherium

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

southern seas at this period was not hotter than what might have been expected from the latitude of each place, appears to me highly important; for we must believe, in accordance 1 It may be worth while to mention that the shells living at the present day on this eastern side of S. America, in lat. 40 , have perhaps a more tropical character than those in corresponding latitudes on the shores of Europe: for at Bahia Blanca and S. Blas, there are two fine species of Voluta and four of Oliva

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

have a 'grain,' but they are not separated into distinct folia or lamin . There are, however, several other varieties of gneiss regularly foliated, and alternating 1 I landed at only one place north of Bahia, namely, at Pernambuco. I found there only soft, horizontally stratified matter, formed from disintegrated granitic rocks, and some yellowish impure limestone, probably of a tertiary epoch. I have described a most singular natural bar of hard sandstone, which protects the harbour, in the

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

, 537 Clayslate, its decomposition and junction with granite, at the Cape of Good Hope, 167 formation of, T. del Fuego, 441 of Concepcion, 457 felspathic, of Chile, 471, 475, 482 felspathic, of the Uspallata range, 517, 520 black siliceous, band of, in porphyritic formations of Chile, 477 Claystone-porphyry, formation of, in Chile, 472 origin of, 477 eruptive sources of, 575 Cleavage, of clayslate in Australia, 147 definition of, 424 at Bahia, 425 Rio de Janeiro, 245 Maldonado, 429 [page] 63

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

concretions, 395 upfilled, at Port Desire, 440 in clayslate, 521 Fitton, Dr., on calcareous breccia, 165 on the geology of T. del Fuego, 446 FitzRoy, Capt., on the elevation of the Falkland Islands, 210 on the elevation of Concepcion, 236 Flagstaff-hill, St. Helena, 86 Fleurian de Bellevue on sph rulites, 71 Fluidity of lavas, 117, 119 Foliation, definition of, 424 of rocks at Bahia, 424 Rio de Janeiro, 425 Maldonado, 429 Monte Video, 433 S. Guitru-gueyu, 434 Falkland I., 440 T. del Fuego, 446

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

GILL Gill, Mr., on brickwork transported by an earthquake-wave, 272 Gillies, Dr., on heights in the Cordillera, 482 on extension of the Portillo range, 499 Glaciers, their structure, 80 Glassiness of texture, origin of, 70 Glen Roy, parallel roads of, 260 sloping terraces of, 295 Glossopteris Brownii, 147 Gneiss, with a great embedded fragment, 149 derived from clayslate, 168 near Bahia, 422 of Rio de Janeiro, 425 decomposition of, 427 Gneiss-granite, forms of hills of, 160 Gold, distribution

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

Madeira, calcareous casts at, 163 subsidence of, 230 Magazine, Nautical, account of volcanic phenomena in the Atlantic, 105 Magellan, St., elevation near of, 208 Magnesia, sulphate of, in veins, 378 Malcolmson, Dr., on trees carried out to sea, 529 Maldonado, elevation of, 190 Pampean formation of, 337 crystalline rocks of, 429 Mammalia, fossil, of Bahia Blanca, 321, 336 near St. F , 334 of Banda Oriental, 339 of St. Julian, 344 at Port Gallegos, 385 washed down by floods, 352 number of remains

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F276 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Geological observations on the volcanic islands and parts of South America visited during the voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle'. 2d ed. London: Smith Elder and Co. Text Image PDF

, Dr. A., on junction of granite and clayslate, 167 Smith, Mr., of Jordan Hill, on upraised shells retaining their colours, 209 on Madeira, 231 on elevated seaweed, 268 on inclined gravel beds, 515 Soda, nitrate of, 305 sulphate of, near Bahia Blanca, 307, 310 carbonate of, 308 Soundings off Patagonia, 215, 225 in T. del Fuego, 227 Sowerby, Mr. G. B., his descriptions of fossil shells (in Appendix), 171 on fossil shells from St. Jago, 6 from Van Diemen's Land, 155 Spallanzani, on decomposed

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F311 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1876. Über den Bau und die Verbreitung der Corallen-Riffe. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Text Image PDF

Cap. 8. Sanm-Kitrc. 57 auszerhalb des Riffs beträgt die Tiefe ungefähr 30 Faden in einer Entfernung von nahezu einer halben Meile. Ein Theil dieses Riffs sehr symmetrisch und hat eine gleichförmige Breite von 200 rds. Die Küste von Brasilien wird an vielen Stellen von Riffen um- säumt. Von diesen bestehn einige nicht aus Corallenbildungen; z. B. diejenigen in der Nahe von Bahia und vor Peruambuco; aber einige wenige Meilen südlich von dieser letzteren Stadt folgt7 das Riff jeder Wendung des

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F3529 Pamphlet: Darwin, C. R. 1889. [Letter to Henry van der Weyde, 1876]. In 'Abstract of the discussion' to R. W. Raymond, Evolution of animal life. Brooklyn Ethical Association: Evolution essays VI. Boston: The New Ideal Publishing Company, p. 157. Text Image PDF

collected, and these might be as valuable as those of the gigantic mammals: at M. Hermora, near Bahia Blanca, I found the remains of small species. Thirdly, it would be of paramount importance to find mammalian remains in the tertiary strata, such as those at Sta. Fè Bajada beneath and older than the Pampean formation. Near the mouth of the Uruguay I found such strata with great extinct oysters, and BENEATH these a formation in character quite like the Pampean, and which therefore it is probable

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F312 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1877. Geologische Beobachtungen über die Vulcanischen Inseln mit kurzen Bemerkungen über die Geologie von Australien und dem Cap der Guten Hoffnung. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Text Image PDF

eingedrungen sind und dasz die, haupts chlich aus Hornblende bestehenden fl ssigeren Theile aus letzterer ausschwitzten und in derartigen Spalten eingesogen wurden? Bei Bahia in Brasilien habe ich in einem aus Gneisz und primitivem Gr nstein gebildeten Bezirke viele G nge eines dunklen, augitischen (denn ein Krystall war sicher dies Mineral) oder Hornblende-Gestein gesehen, welche, wie mehrere Erscheinungen deutlich ergaben, gebildet worden waren, ehe die umgebende Masse fest geworden war, oder mit

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F312 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1877. Geologische Beobachtungen über die Vulcanischen Inseln mit kurzen Bemerkungen über die Geologie von Australien und dem Cap der Guten Hoffnung. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Text Image PDF

Th tigkeit und Zustand der Lavastr me, 94. Ascidien, Aussterben von, 144, Anm. Atlantischer Ocean, neuer vulcanischer Herd in ihm, 95, Anm. Augit, geschmolzen, 114. Ausgeworfene Bruchst cke auf Ascension, 42; auf den Galapagos-Inseln, 113. Aussterben von Landschnecken auf St. Helena, 92. Austern, Aussterben von, 144, Anm. Australien, 133. Azoren, 25. B. Bahia in Brasilien, Trappg nge bei, 126. Bailly, ber die Berge von Mauritius, 31. Bald Head, 147. Bank's Cove, 106, 110. Bare, der, auf St

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F312 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1877. Geologische Beobachtungen über die Vulcanischen Inseln mit kurzen Bemerkungen über die Geologie von Australien und dem Cap der Guten Hoffnung. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Text Image PDF

der granitischen und metamorphischen Reihe ein- gedrungen sind und dasz die, hauptsächlich aus Hornblende bestehen- den flüssigeren Theile aus letzterer ausschwitzten und in derartigen Spalten eingesogen wurden? Bei Bahia in Brasilien habe ich in einem aus Gneisz und primitivem Grünstein gebildeten Bezirke viele Gänge eines dunklen, augitischen (denn ein Krystall war sicher dies Mineral) oder Hornblende-Gestein gesehen, welche, wie mehrere Erscheinungen deutlich ergaben, gebildet worden waren, ehe

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F312 Book: Darwin, C. R. 1877. Geologische Beobachtungen über die Vulcanischen Inseln mit kurzen Bemerkungen über die Geologie von Australien und dem Cap der Guten Hoffnung. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Text Image PDF

vulcanischer Thätigkeit und Zustand der Lavaströme, 9 I. Aseidien, Aussterben von, 144, Anm. Atlantischer Ocean, neuer vulcani- scher Herd in ihm, 95, Anm. Augit, geschmolzen, 114. Ausgeworfene Brachstücke auf Ascension, 42; — auf den Galapagos- Inseln, 113. Aussterben von Landsehnecken auf St. Helena, 92. Austern, Aussterben von. 144, Anm. Australien, 133. Azoren, 25. B. Bahia in Brasilien, Trappgänge bei, 126. Baillv, über die Berge von Mauritius, 31. Bald Head, 147. Banks' Cove, 106, 110. Bare, der

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