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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
medullary canals, which at the periphery of the coarse dentine anastomose by loops, from the convexity of which the calcigerous tubes are given off which form the fine dentine: the layer of this substance, which immediately surrounds the coarse dentine, is about one line and a half in thickness, and the whole is invested with a very thin coating of cement. The teeth of the Scelidothere thus M [page] 82 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
teeth (ib. fig. 3, 4, and 5) of the upper jaw conjoined. M 2 [page] 84 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
, Kiöbenhavn, vol. viii. [page] 86 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
, and [page] 88 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
[page] 90 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
with its length or thick- N 2 [page] 92 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
and powerful tail, forbids my yielding assent to the speculation set forth by M. Lund, as to the prehensile character of the tail of the Megalonyx. Astragalus.—In the examination of this characteristic bone I have kept in view the question of the habits of the Megatherioid quadrupeds in general, and the especial affinities of the Scelidotherium, in illustration of which I shall notice at [page] 94 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
with that in the Megatherium. In the Armadillo the scaphoid articular surface is undivided and wholly convex: in this part of the astragalus, therefore, we find the Scelidothere deviating from the Armadillo further than does the Megathere; while the Mylodon or Megalonyx (?) most resembles the Armadillo in the configuration of this part of the astragalus. If we compare the outer surfaces of the astragalus in these quadrupeds, [page] 96 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
] 98 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
. 1, Pl. XXXII.) The loops are gene- [page] 104 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
the powerful mechanism by which they were worked, to have been employed, P [page] 106 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.13    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 no. 4 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
the depth rather exceeds, and in its recent state it must have still more exceeded, one-fourth [page] 38 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
not been overlooked by Agassiz. There are two specimens in the collection, the larger one taken at Monte Video, the smaller at Maldonado. [page] 44 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
not very obvious. First dorsal triangular, and moderately high in the point; third and fourth spines longest, about equalling the depth of the body; first spine very small: all the spines rather slender. Second dorsal about half as long again as the first, but the rays are too much broken to judge [page] 46 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
depth; only four slender spines, gradually increasing in length from the first which is very short; the fourth about three-fourths the length of the first soft ray; soft rays increasing likewise very gradually to the fourth, which with the next five or six are highest; the membrane of the fin very [page] 52 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
they appear to have been all branched. Anal also long, commencing at about the middle of the entire length, or in a line with the sixth soft ray of the dorsal, and terminating opposite to that fin, to the last half of which, or rather more than half, it exactly answers; only two spines, which are so slender and minute, especially the first, [page] 54 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
, not crescent-shaped as in the species just mentioned, and in the greater length of [page] 56 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
. I [page] 58 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
, to the last but one, the last itself slightly prolonged [page] 60 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F8.14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fish Part 4 no. 2 of The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. By Leonard Jenyns. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
exhibited in a broken molar, the last in the series on the left side of the jaw of the present cranium (See a figure of the grinding surface restored of this tooth, fig. 2, Pl. I.), and by another perfect molar, the last but one on the right side of the upper jaw, which, though not belonging to the same individual as the skull here described, undoubtedly appertains to the same species. * Mem. de l'Acad. des Sciences de Paris, 1764, p. 568. D [page] 18 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
prove correct, the four unequal incisors of the upper jaw are opposed to six equal sized ones in the lower. [page] 20 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
its relation, as a [page] 22 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
corresponding inflection of the spine. Indeed, in the form and position of the condyles, the Toxodon more nearly resembles the true Cetacea than any other existing mammalia; and it is only with these that it can be compared in regard to the aspect of the plane of the occipital foramen, and of the occipital region of the skull. This is inclined forwards from the occipital foramen at such an angle, that on viewing the skull from above, not only the [page] 24 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
impression of numerous small tortuous and anastomosing vessels. In the E [page] 26 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
intimately related to the Rodent Order. From the characters of this order, as afforded by the existing species, the Toxodon, however, differs in the relative [page] 28 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
so gradual a transition, in structure, from molar to incisive teeth, [page] 32 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
persistent pulps bear, they are also connected with the longevity of the individual. The term of life in a herbivorous animal, with grinders F [page] 34 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
arteries pierce the sixth cervical vertebra, immediately below the superior transverse processes, and pass obliquely to the anterior aperture of the cervical canal, where they emerge beneath the anterior oblique processes, and then enter the spinal canal of the fifth cervical vertebra, as described in the text. [page] 38 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
the form of the vertebræ and the nature of their joints correspond, as we have seen, to this condition. From the length of the bodies of the [page] 40 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
processes of the lumbar vertebræ of the Macrauchenia G [page] 42 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
of the antibrachial bones; a deeper and rougher depression encroaches upon the articulation from its outer side, but stops when it has reached half-way across. In the [page] 46 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
the Macrau- * See Ossem. Fossiles, Pl. XX. fig. 3. † Loc. cit. Pl. XXII. fig. 6. [page] 48 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
resembles the Camel: the interspace of the H [page] 50 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
distinguishing * See Ossem. Foss. iii. Pl. XXVI. fig. 5. [page] 52 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
internal one of the left-foot, the general curvature of these being in the same direction. With neither of these bones in the Tapir does our metatarsal agree, since it has but one articular facet on the lateral [page] 54 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
grains et les réduire, en pâte, le mouvement des mâchoires se fait encore de droite à gauche, et réciproquement, on en même temps, de devant en arrière, en un mot, dans un plan horizontal autant que dans un vertical: les uns représentent des ciseaux, les autres des meules de moulin. I [page] 58 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
, deficient at the upper part. The os tympanicum of Orycteropus, however, differs from that of [page] 60 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
in Glosso- [page] 62 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
prominent ridges in the tooth of the Megatherium, and which I have shown to be composed of minute parallel calcigerous tubes, similar to the ivory or bone of the human tooth. K [page] 66 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
- * Spix and Martius, Reise in Brazil, Band ii. p. 5. [page] 68 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
as does that of Mylodon Darwinii, it must be about two feet in length. [page] 70 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
little below and behind the last molar tooth; this foramen presents the same size and relative position on both sides of the jaw. I find no indication of a corresponding foramen, or of symphyseal processes in the figures or descriptions of the lower jaw of the Megatherium, nor in the lower jaw of the Sloths, Ant-eaters, Armadillos, or Manises, which I have had the opportunity of examining with a view to this comparison. [page] 72 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
to the malar one, but the two parts undoubtedly were not connected together by so extensive a surface as in [page] 76 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
deviations from the Scelidothere, with [page] 78 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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F9.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. ed. 1840. Fossil Mammalia Part 1 of The zoology of the voyage of HMS Beagle. by Richard Owen. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF
this respect, and in the relative position of its principal masses, the brain of the extinct Edental closely accords with the general character of this organ in the existing species of the same Order. We perceive by the obtuse [page] 80 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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