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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.65]
Correspondence:
Hughes T. McKenny to Shipley Arthur Everett
1909.01.14
I have a portrait of Charles Darwin in crayon by Saml Lawrence
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In the Sedwick Museum we have the collection of rocks which he sent home during the voyage of the Beagle— A few of these might be selected and made interesting by an explanatory note— I have also several series of fossils arranged [2] to show species run into one by the intercalation of intermediate forms— Any of these are at your service— yours sincerely T McKenny Hughes Do you think there is any chance of giving a Dsc to Rothplety this time he was shamefully passed [2v
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.157]
Printed:
1909.02.00
The Bookman. Darwin centenary number, no. 209, vol. 35 (February 1909)
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geology and natural history, with the result that, in his twenty-third year, he was recommended by Professor Henslow as volunteer naturalist of the Beagle, in which ship he sailed round the world, the voyage occupying from October, 1831, to December, 1836. His narrative of this cruise is in the front rank among travel-records, but its allusions to species show that he was still feeling his way towards belief in their mutability. Two or three more years were to pass before conviction came
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A478
Periodical contribution:
Begtrup, Eline. 1909. Charles Darwin. Hoejskolebladet: 223-230.
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, der skulde føre Orlogs-briggen Sporhunden — The Beagle — paa Op-maaling langs Sydamerikas Kyster, at tage ennaturkyndig med sig, som vilde tage til Takkemed den snevre Kahylsplads, der kunde afses.Charles Darwin anbefaledes af en anset natur-videnskabelig Professor og blev antaget udenLøn. Han var den Gang 22 Aar gammel. Saa bar det da afsted ved Juletid 1831, overde kanariske Øer til Brasilien og saa sydpaa.Der havde først været Tale om to Aar — detblev fem. Al den Tid arbejdede den unge Na
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.127]
Printed:
1909.02.13
cutting, University intelligence. Oxford, Feb., .12. Professor Poulton on "Darwinism"
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on the 100th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin. When they attempted to trace the chief influences which helped to mould the mind of Charles Darwin, the following stood out as preeminent:—The intimacy with Henslow at Cambridge and its outcome, the voyage of the Beagle ; the study of Lyell's Principles of Geology ; the long friendship with Hooker and with Lyell himself. The later friendship with Asa Gray and Huxley was [1 bis
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.34]
Correspondence:
Darwin Leonard to Shipley Arthur Everett
1909.05.25
Darwin Leonard to Shipley Arthur Everett
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [1] May 25 Enclosed note from H. N. Sulivan S. Farnborough 12 EGERTON PLACE, S.W. My dear Shipley, Kindly let me know what answer I should give to the enclosed note, or answer it yourself. Sullivan the writer is I feel convinced though I don't know, a son of a shipmate of my father's on the Beagle. Whether it is a copy of the picture already in our possession neither [1v
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.68]
Correspondence:
Sulivan H. N. to Shipley Arthur Everett
1909.05.27
Lending an artwork [by Conrad Martens or Brierley] river Santa Cruz engraved in Narrative of the Beagle vol. 2, facing p. 351, but with ship's boat included.
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [1] [in Shipley's hand:] Answered Accepted AES Stirling Ho. S. Farnborough 27 May. 9 Dear Sir, Regarding the picture of the Beagle Expedition, I will send it in time. I think £30. would be sufficient for the Insurance. The subject is not a very picturesque one, only interesting. You will see a print of it on 351st. page of The Beagle's Voyages. Vol II. Santa Cruz river} with boats of the Beagle not in print
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.32]
Correspondence:
Darwin William Erasmus to Shipley Arthur Everett
1909.05.28
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [1] Southampton May 28 I forgot Monday was Bank Holiday I shall dispatch the articles on the Tuesday. I forgot to add Miss Frank already has the writing Board, the autobiography Voyage of Beagle' W.E. Darwin [1v
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.114]
Printed:
1909.06.16
press cutting, A Darwin Exibition. Pall Mall Gazette
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written whilst on the Beagle expedition, and many interesting personal objects. These are shown in the old library, where Darwin was wont to resort. His rooms in Christ's College will been view next week
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.123]
Printed:
1909.06.16
press cutting, Darwin centenary preparations. Pall Mall Gazette
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Darwin's first note-book of observations for his magnum opus, the first draft of the Origin of Species, his letters to his publishers, his journal written whilst on the Beagle expedition, and many interesting personal objects. These are shown in the old library, where Darwin was wont to resort. His rooms in Christ's College will be on views next week
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.154]
Printed:
1909.06.26
The Darwin Commemoration (communicated). The Spectator, no. 4226 [entire issue present]
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Charles Darwin as a boy of seven with his younger sister; the dignified portrait by W. W. Ouless, R.A., painted in 1877; and the fine three- quarter-length picture by the Hon. John Collier, painted for the Linnean Society in 1881, the year before the death of the sitter. By far the most interesting exhibits, however, are the manuscripts, letters, and notes extending over a period from childhood to the last weeks of his life. The MS. journal kept during the voyage of the 'Beagle'; the earliest note
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McGill-CA-OSLER0-P110[.48]
Printed:
1909.07.11
University intelligence: The Darwin centenary. The Times.
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taken during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. A number of instruments, used by Darwin on this voyage, are placed in show-cases in this room, and there are also some specimens of fishes and birds collected at that time. In the inner room are Woolner's bust, a bust, medallion, and miniature of the Shrewsbury statue by Horace Montford, and the colossal bronze head by W. Couper, of New York, which the American delegates to the Darwin Centenary are presenting to Christ's College. A long series of
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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30. Microscope used by Darwin on the Beagle. Lent by Sir George H. Darwin, K.C.B., F.R.S. 31. Microscope used by Darwin. Lent by Sir George H. Darwin, K.C.B., F.R.S. 32. Simple microscope used by Darwin on the Beagle. Lent by Sir George H. Darwin, K.C.B., F.R.S. 33. (At the top of the case). Dissecting microscope used by Darwin. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. 34. A volume of notes on Reptiles, etc., made on the Beagle expedition, those on the left-hand page shown being in Darwin's
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle the recent Mammals by G. R. Waterhouse in Part 2, the Birds by J. Gould (and G. R. Gray) in Part 3, the Fishes by L. Jenyns in Part 4, and the Reptiles by T. Bell in Part 5. The Insects were not described in the Beagle reports, but an account of the new species was written by G. R. Waterhouse, and published by the Zoological Society.) 116. A selection of Beagle Insects. 117. A small selection of Beagle Reptiles and Amphibians. The specimens shown are two species of Lizard, a
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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he should become a clergyman, and with that intent Darwin went to Cambridge early in 1828, and remained there three years. He left Cambridge to join the Beagle as naturalist of the expedition, and was away from England from December, 1831 to October, 1836. On his return from the Beagle voyage Darwin settled in Cambridge, and in March, 1837, took lodgings in Great Marlborough Street, London, where he stayed two years till his marriage in January, 1839. He married his cousin, a grand-daughter of
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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., F.R.S. 2. A letter from Josiah Wedgwood (second son of the distinguished potter) to Darwin's father, which decided the latter to allow his son to go on the Beagle expedition. Dated August 31st, 1831. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. 3. A manuscript by Charles Darwin detailing his father's objections to his going on the Beagle voyage. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. This paper was submitted to Josiah Wedgwood, when his advice was solicited, and it is referred to in Wedgwood's reply here
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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Santiago, during the voyage of the Beagle. Most of the notes are geological, but some refer to the natural history of the country. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. 27. Darwin's pocket-book, containing notes on the geological structure of the Coquimbo valley made after the arrival of the Beagle at Valparaiso in July, 1834. The notes are in pencil throughout, and each page is scored across, presumably to denote that a copy had been made. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. 28. Letters written
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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5. That I should never settle down to a steady life hereafter. 6. That my accommodations would be most uncomfortable. 7. That you should consider it as again changing my profession. 8. That it would be a useless undertaking. 4. Four pages of zoological notes on Aplysia, Planaria, and Cleodora, made by Darwin during the voyage of the Beagle. They are dated February, 1832. Lent by Francis Darwin, Esq., F.R.S. 5. A list of the officers and men of the Beagle, dated October, 1836, i.e., on the
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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visited during the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle ; being Part II of the Geology of the Voyage of the Beagle. London, 1844. (Republished with Parts I and III in 1851; Second Edition, with Part III, 1876.) 39. Darwin's Geological Observations on South America ; being Part III of the Geology of the Voyage of the Beagle. London, 1846. (Republished with Parts I and II in 1851. Second Edition, with Part II, in 1876.) The three fossils figured in the left top corner of the plate shown are exhibited in Case
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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and within which the eggs undergo their development, the young frogs emerging from the mouth of the parent on the completion of the metamorphosis. 118. A small selection of Beagle Birds, namely three Mocking Birds (Mimus). 119. A small selection of Beagle Mammals, namely three Opossums and two Murid Rodents. 120. The skin of the Fox which Darwin killed with a geological hammer in the island of San Pedro, South Chili, in 1834. This is the fox of which Darwin writes: two of the officers landed
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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PORTRAITS, SKETCHES, MEDALS, ETC. In Case 4, an upright case at the entrance to Bay VI, the bay or recess opposite Case 3:— 89. Water-colour sketch of the Beagle in Tierra del Fuego, drawn by —. Martens, artist on the Beagle expedition. Lent by Sir George H. Darwin, K.C.B., F.R.S. 90. Coloured print of Christ's College from the street, about Darwin's time. From R. Ackermann's History of Cambridge, 1815; drawn by W. Westall, and engraved by Black. Lent by A. E. Shipley, Esq., F.R.S. 91
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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avicularia are readily recognised by their resemblance to birds' heads. The lower jaw, by means of which the avicularium can grasp a foreign object, corresponds with the lid or operculum of an ordinary zoœcium, with which the avicularium itself corresponds. This specimen, which, like most of the other slides here shown, has been lent by the University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge, is of special interest in being one of the specimens collected by Darwin during the voyage of the Beagle. It may be
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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opinion. Darwin's devotion to his 'dear master' as he used to call Lyell, was of the most touching character, and it was prominently manifested in all his geological conversations. In his books and in his letters he never failed to express his deep indebtedness to his 'own true love' as he called the Principles of Geology. In what was Darwin's own most favourite work, the Narrative of the Voyage of the Beagle, he wrote 'To Charles Lyell, Esq., F.R.S., this second edition is dedicated with
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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own? Darwin's real scientific education began when, after some hesitation on his father's part, he was allowed to accept the invitation, made to him through his friend Henslow, to accompany, at his own expense, the surveying ship Beagle in a cruise to South America and afterwards round the world. In the [page] 9
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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-existing ones or even that he had been converted to a belief in evolution. Indeed in 1877 he wrote 'When I was on board the Beagle I believed in the permanence of species' yet he adds 'but as far as I can remember vague doubts occasionally flitted across my mind.' Such 'vague doubts' could scarcely have failed to have arisen when, as happened during all his journeys from north to south of the South [page] 10
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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the Beagle, and the study of the specimens which had been sent home by him from time to time, that produced the great determining influence on Darwin's career. All through the voyage he had endeavoured, with as much literary skill as he could command, to record with accuracy the observations he made, and the conclusions to which, on careful reflection, they seemed to point. [page] 10
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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And on his return to England, these patiently written journals were revised and prepared for publication forming that charming work A Naturalist's Voyage. Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology of the Countries visited during the Voyage of H.M.S. 'Beagle' round the world. As Darwin, with the specimens before him, revised his notes, and reconsidered the impressions made on his mind, the 'vague doubts' he had entertained, from time to time, concerning the immutability of
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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When making his first original observations among the volcanic cones and craters of St Jago in the Cape-de-Verde Islands, he says 'It then first dawned on me that I might perhaps write a book on the geology of the different countries visited, and this made me thrill with delight119.' He tells us concerning his regular occupations on board the Beagle, that 'during some part of the day, I wrote my Journal and took much pains in describing carefully and vividly all that I had seen: and this was
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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, especially with the aid of Hooker (and if any good zoological aid), would be best of all.' He then suggests other names from which a choice might be made, but adds 'the editor must be a geologist as well as naturalist.' Fortunately for the world Mrs Darwin was never called upon to take action in accordance with the terms of this affecting document127. It must be remembered that, at this time, Darwin was hard at work on the three volumes of the Geology of the Beagle, and on the second and revised edition
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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he loved to hear 'what was doing' in his 'favourite science.' On board the Beagle, before he had met the man whose life and work were to be so closely linked with his own, he was in the habit of specially treasuring up any 'facts that would interest Mr Lyell'; in middle life he declared that 'when seeing a thing never seen by Lyell, one yet saw it partially through his eyes152'; and never, I think, did we meet after the friend was gone, without the oft repeated query, 'What would Lyell have
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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interest. Attention may be directed to Nos. 1, 3, 2, in the catalogue, consisting of Professor Henslow's invitation to Darwin to take part in the Beagle voyage, of Darwin's summary of his father's objections to the proposal, and of Josiah Wedgwood's reply to those objections. The characteristic and remarkable letter from Huxley (No. 18), written immediately after his first perusal of the Origin of Species, is one that specially deserves attention. The exhibition further contains a number of
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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Darwin in the latter part of the year 1833 and the beginning of 1834, during the voyage of the Beagle. They are from the Pampas Formation (Pleistocene) of the Argentine Republic, and the Pleistocene of Patagonia. Darwin presented the bones to the Royal College of Surgeons Museum on his return, and descriptions of them were published by Owen. They are now exhibited here by the courtesy of the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons. Notable among these remains are two teeth of an extinct Horse, [page
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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.) In his autobiography Darwin mentions that during the voyage of the Beagle he had been deeply impressed by discovering in the Pampas formation great fossil animals covered with armour like that on the existing Armadillos. He could only explain the facts on the supposition that species gradually became modified, and it was this supposition, supported by numerous other items of evidence accumulated on the voyage, which gradually ripened into his theory of the evolution of species by natural
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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-beetles such as might be instrumental in the conveyance of fresh-water molluscs to distant islands. Darwin speaks of Dytiscus caught with the Fresh-water Limpet, Ancylus, adhering to it, and he records the capture of a Colymbetes on the Beagle at a distance of forty-five miles from the nearest land. ( Origin of Species, Chap. xiii, Fresh-water Productions.) 222. Shells of the Fresh-water Limpet, Ancylus fluviatilis. Darwin mentions the possibility of the spread of this and other fresh-water molluscs
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A313
Pamphlet:
Harmer, S. F. and W. G. Ridewood eds. 1910. Memorials of Charles Darwin: a collection of manuscripts portraits medals books and natural history specimens to commemorate the centenary of his birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The origin of species" 2d ed. British Museum (Natural History). Special guide no. 4.
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Bourbon, Pteropus psilaphon occurs only in the Bonin Islands, Pteropus keraudreni insularis is peculiar to the Caroline Islands, and Notopteris macdonaldi to the Viti Archipelago. 230. A series of Black Grosbeaks peculiar to the Galapagos Islands, and first discovered by Darwin during the voyage of the Beagle. Darwin noted that in several cases different species inhabited different islands of the archipelago, and he further remarked that the nearest relatives of these birds are to be found on the
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Vestiges of Creation, 94; his dislike for speculation, 101; his optimism and courage, 77; his birth and education, 95, 96; life at Edinburgh, 97; at Cambridge, 97, 98; voyage in the 'Beagle,' 99, 100; first awakening to the idea of Evolution, 102, 104; work with Lyell at Geological Society, 105; begins 'species work,' 106; influence of Malthus's work on, 107; intercourse with Wallace, 113; action in respect to theory, 128, 129; his first literary ambitions, 116; difficulties of work caused by ill
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A596
Book contribution:
[Poulton, Edward Bagnall]. 1910. Darwin, C. R. The Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11th ed. Cambridge: University Press, vol. 7, pp. 840-3.
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naturalist on the Beagle, about to start on a surveying expedition. His a father at first disliked the idea, but his uncle, the second Josiah Wedgwood, pleaded with success, and Darwin started on the 27th of December 1831, the voyage lasting until the 2nd of October 1836. It is practically certain that he never left Great Britain after this latter date. After visiting the Cape de Verde and other islands of the Atlantic, the expedition surveyed on the South American coasts and adjacent islands
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A596
Book contribution:
[Poulton, Edward Bagnall]. 1910. Darwin, C. R. The Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11th ed. Cambridge: University Press, vol. 7, pp. 840-3.
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during the two years and a quarter which intervened between his return from the Beagle (October 2nd, 1836) and his marriage (January 29th, 1839). His own words are, disbelief crept over me at a very slow rate, but was at last complete. The rate was so slow that I felt no distress. His attitude was that of the tolerant unaggressive agnostic, sympathizing with and helping in the social and charitable influences of the English Church in his parish. He was evidently most unwilling that his opinions on
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F3515
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1910. [Manuscript facsimile: 'the percentage system takes no account of relationship of organisms, when all species different']. In T. D. A. Cockerell, The Darwin celebration at Cambridge. The Popular Science Monthly 76 (January): 23-31.
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delegates, Cambridge was happy in being represented by scientific eminence no less than academic distinction. At Christ's College, where Darwin was in residence some eighty years ago, there was an exhibition of objects connected with his life. [Photograph:] Christ's College, where Darwin attended from 1828 to 1831. This included many manuscripts, the apparatus he used upon the voyage of the Beagle, specimens he collected, numerous portraits, etc. There was even a series of contemporary caricatures
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F1561
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1911. Die Fundamente zur Entstehung der Arten (Zwei Essays von 1842 und 1844). Translated by Maria Semon. Leipzig und Berlin: B. C. Teubner.
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zur Beantwortung dieser Frage sind bereits mehrfach unternommen worden. Huxley war der Meinung1), daß jene Tatsachen eine wesentliche Wirkung erst nach Beendigung der Beagle-Reise ausgeübt haben können, da dann erst die Verwandtschaft der lebenden mit den ausgestorbenen Arten und die der verschiedenen geographischen Gebiete untereinander einigermaßen genau bestimmt werden konnten. Er gibt, wie hieraus hervorgeht, nicht zu, daß schon während der eigentlichen Fahrt auf der Beagle ein nennenswerter
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F1561
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1911. Die Fundamente zur Entstehung der Arten (Zwei Essays von 1842 und 1844). Translated by Maria Semon. Leipzig und Berlin: B. C. Teubner.
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Wie wir aus dem Inhalt von Charles Darwins Notizbuch vom Jahre 1837 ersehen, war er zu jener Zeit ein überzeugter Anhänger der Entwicklungslehre.1) Dabei kann kein Zweifel darüber walten, daß zur Zeit seiner Ausreise an Bord des Beagle seine Überzeugungen, soweit er überhaupt solche besaß, auf seiten der Unveränderbarkeit lagen. Welches nun war der Zeitpunkt, so fragen wir uns, an welchem der Strom seiner Gedanken die Richtung auf die Entwicklungs- lehre einschlug? Betrachten wir zunächst die
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F1561
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1911. Die Fundamente zur Entstehung der Arten (Zwei Essays von 1842 und 1844). Translated by Maria Semon. Leipzig und Berlin: B. C. Teubner.
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Anschauung in Darwin zu arbeiten begann, aber wir dürfen getrost annehmen, daß er im Jahr 1832 bereits angefangen hatte einzusehen, daß die logische Schlußfolgerung von Lyells Lehre die Veränderbarkeit sei, obwohl dies von Lyell selbst nicht anerkannt wurde. Indessen gab es noch weitere Faktoren für Darwins ver- änderte Anschauungen. Er selbst sagt in seiner Autobio- graphie8): Während der Reise des Beagle hatte die Entdeckung großer fossiler Tiere, die mit einem Panzer gleich dem der jetzt
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F1561
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1911. Die Fundamente zur Entstehung der Arten (Zwei Essays von 1842 und 1844). Translated by Maria Semon. Leipzig und Berlin: B. C. Teubner.
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Einleitung. Wenden wir zunächst unsere Aufmerksamkeit auf die oben bereits zitierte Stelle aus Darwins Autobiographie und auf das, was er in seiner Einleitung zur i. Auflage seiner Entstehung der Arten ausspricht, wo es heißt:1) Als ich an Bord der ''Beagle* als Naturforscher Südamerika erreichte, überraschten mich gewisse Tatsachen in hohem Grade, die sich mir in bezug auf die Verteilung der Bewohner und die geologischen Beziehungen der jetzigen zu der früheren Bevölkerung dieses Weltteils
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F1561
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1911. Die Fundamente zur Entstehung der Arten (Zwei Essays von 1842 und 1844). Translated by Maria Semon. Leipzig und Berlin: B. C. Teubner.
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In demselben Brief an Zacharias sagt er ferner: ,,Solange ich mich an Bord der Beagle befand, glaubte ich an die Permanenz der Arten, doch huschten, soviel ich mich erinnere, hie und da unbestimmte Zweifel durch meinen Geist. Sind also Judd und ich selbst nicht in einem vollständigen Irrtum befangen, wenn wir annehmen, daß Darwin sich während eines früheren oder späteren Teils seiner Reise dem entwicklungs- geschichtlichen Standpunkt zugewendet hat, so bleibt nur zu vermuten, daß im Verlauf
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A579
Periodical contribution:
Judd, J. W. 1911. Charles Darwin's earliest doubts concerning the immutability of species. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88, no. 1292 (2 November): 8-12.
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suggestion that Megatherium might have possessed bony armour like the armadillo, and that he awaited impatiently further information on the subject from Larran ga. As bones of the giant sloths from South 8 Journal of the Beagle (1839), p. 46. 9 Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle vol. ii., p. 107; vol. iii., p. 113. 10 Geological Observations on South America (1846), pp. 82-85. 11 Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle vol. ii., pp. 106-7. 12 Life and Letters of Charles Darwin. vol. i., p. 223. 13
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A579
Periodical contribution:
Judd, J. W. 1911. Charles Darwin's earliest doubts concerning the immutability of species. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88, no. 1292 (2 November): 8-12.
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nature of the initial stage of that evolution is one especially worthy of attention. In his autobiography, Charles Darwin has declared his belief that, before leaving England for the memorable voyage in the Beagle, he was quite indifferent to any speculations upon the subject of evolution—and this in spite of his admiration for his grandfather's Zoonomia as a literary production.1 Now concerning the exact period in his life when Darwin ceased to feel this indifference, and had his interest
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A579
Periodical contribution:
Judd, J. W. 1911. Charles Darwin's earliest doubts concerning the immutability of species. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88, no. 1292 (2 November): 8-12.
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Sedgwick. Among the books in Darwin's library, now piously preserved at Cambridge, is a copy of the fifth edition of the translation of Cuvier's Essay, bearing the date of 1827,22 and I think there can be no doubt that this book was one of those constituting the little library of reference in the chart-room of the Beagle, where Darwin worked and slept. Nor can there be any hesitation in concluding that with the contents of this book he would be thoroughly familiar. This being the case, Darwin found
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A579
Periodical contribution:
Judd, J. W. 1911. Charles Darwin's earliest doubts concerning the immutability of species. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88, no. 1292 (2 November): 8-12.
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, and it moved him to rage and to making wild charges of infidelity. Whewell saw it too, and shrank from accepting Lyell's doctrines because he could find no border-line between what he called uniformitarianism and evolution; but Herschel appears, at the time, to have been ready to go as far as Lyell himself. And the young naturalist on board the Beagle, did he begin to perceive, however dimly, through Lyell's eyes that evolution could not stop with the inorganic world? We have no evidence on
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A259
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, Francis. 1912. FitzRoy and Darwin, 1831-36. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88 (12 February): 547-8.
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have been good enough to permit me to publish. In FitzRoy's Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, ii., p. 39, he states that he was directed to transmit reports from time to time, so that if any disaster should happen to the Beagle, the fruits of the expedition should not be altogether lost. He was also directed to keep up a detailed correspondence with the hydrographer (Captain Beaufort), who, as it happens, was a personal friend. No. 1. September 5, 1831. I have seen a good deal of Mr. Darwin, to
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A259
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, Francis. 1912. FitzRoy and Darwin, 1831-36. Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science 88 (12 February): 547-8.
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he pursues his occupation, his good sense, inquiring disposition, and regular habits, I am certain that you will have good reason to feel much satisfaction in the reflection that such a person is on board the Beagle, and the certainty that he is taking the greatest pains to make the most of time and opportunity. The Beagle reached Bahia on February 29, 1832. Darwin writes17:— The day has passed delightfully. Delight itself, however, is a weak term to express the feelings of a naturalist who, for
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F645
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1913. The origin of species [in Danish]. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Revised by Frits Heide. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
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almindeligste Genstande eller Følelser,1) med den højest organiserede Abe. Forskellen vilde ganske vist endnu vedblive at være uhyre stor, selv om en af de højere Aber var bleven forbedret eller civiliseret saa meget som Hunden er bleven det i Sammenligning med dens Stamform Ulven eller Jakalen. Ildlænderne er nogle af de laveste af de vilde Folkestammer, men jeg blev stadig forbavset over, hvor nøje de tre indfødte, der var ombord paa hendes Majestæts Skib „Beagle („Sporhunden ) og som havde
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