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the great Bay of St Matthias; as the place is unsurveyed we heave to at night: — The weather has been beautiful but too light; the mild warm climate blue sky is most throughily enjoyed by all of us after our boisterous Cruise in the South. What we saw of the coast consisted entirely in horizontal cliffs; in these, the divisions of the strata run for miles together exactly parallel to the surface of the sea. — It looks an El Dorado to a Geologist; such modern formations must contain so many
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. At night, as soon as the tide turned, the anchor was weighed we proceeded in pursuit of Mr Wickham. — 18th The climate here is quite celestial; cloudless blue skys, light breezes smooth water. — We hear that this has been a very fine season; how strange it is, that the short distance as compared to the whole surface of the globe of this country from T. del Fuego, should make so much difference. — so that, those rapid currents in the atmosphere, which have attained a velocity of from 60 to 100
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at the place where the water nearly ceases to be fresh. — A tent party was left to try to shoot some Guanaco. — 8th We arrived on board a little after noon; found the Beagle with her masts up, fresh painted as gay as a frigate. — Almost every one is discontented with this expedition; much hard work, much time lost scarcely any thing seen or gained. — We have however to thank our good fortune, in enjoying constant fine dry weather blue skys. To me the Cruise has been most satisfactory, from
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at over the mountains, nearly to their bases; the glimpses which we had caught through the dark dusky mass were highly interesting; jagged points, cones of snow, blue glaciers, strong outlines marked on a lurid sky, were seen at different distances heights. — In the midst of such scenery, we anchored at C. Turn, close to Mount Sarmiento, which was then quite invisible hidden in the clouds. At the base of the lofty almost perpendicular sides of our little cove there was one deserted wigwam
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structure of the mills boats their method of spinning quite correspond. — The inhabitants, judging from their complexions low stature, have Is of Fuegian or Boat Indian blood in their veins; they are all dressed in coarse strong woollen garments, which each family makes for themselves dyes with Indigo of a dark blue color. — Although with plenty to eat, they are excessively [page] 462 Chilo
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reconnoitre each other. — 23rd to 31st Late in the night the Beagle Adventure came to an anchor. — When morning came everything appeared delightful; after Chiloe T. del Fuego we felt the climate quite delicious; the sky so clear blue, the air so dry the sun so bright, that all nature seemed sparkling with life. — The view from the Anchorage is very pretty; the town is built at on the very foot of [a] range of hills, which are 1600 feet high, tolerably steep; the surface is worn into numberless little
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1835 Oct 1st was overpowringly hot; the lake looked blue clear. — I hurried down the cindery side, choked with dust, to my disgust on tasting the water found it Salt as brine. — This crater some other neighbouring ones have only poured forth mud or Sandstone containing fragments of Lavas Volcanic rocks; but from the mountain behind, great bare streams have flowed, sometimes from the summit, or from small Craters on the side, expanding in their descent have at the base formed plains of Lava
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1835 Decemb 19th Moving quickly onwards for weeks together, we meet with nothing but the same blue profoundly deep ocean. Even within the Archipelagoes the Islands are mere specks far distant one from the other. Accustomed to look at Maps drawn on a small scale, where dots, shading, names are crowded together, we do not judge rightly how infinitely small the proportion of dry land is to the Sea water of this great Ocean sea. — The Meridian of the Antipodes is likewise passed; every league
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recollect ever having beheld a set of handsomer young men, with more good humoured pleasant expressions. A surprising number of the boys had white or lightly coloured hair, which from its strangeness to our eyes made it the more pleasing. The men and boys are all dressed in a plain jacket trowsers, without shoes or stockings; their heads are barely covered by a little blue cloth cap with two ears and a border of red; this [page] 763 Terceir
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. — Amongst the other most remarkable spectacles, which we have beheld, may be ranked, — the stars of the Southern hemisphere, the water-spout, — the glacier leading its blue stream of ice in a bold precipice overhanging the sea — a lagoon island, raised by the coral forming animalcule — an active volcano — the overwhelming effects of a violent earthquake. — These latter phenomena perhaps possess for me a higher interest, from their intimate connection with the geological structure of the world
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harbour. Beagle Channel. + 938. Hornblende-rock, with green mineral. + 939. Hornblende-rock, with felspar. + 940. Hornblendic greenstone, alternating with… + 941. Slate, altered, semi-sonorous, harsh. These four specimens from about 6 miles east of entrance into Ponsonby Sound, within Beagle Channel. + 942. Compact dark-blue slate, conchoidal fracture. + 943. Greenstone, part of dyke. + 944. Felspathic rock, easily fusible; slate (942) altered by junction with last specimen. These three rocks at east
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1372 [46265] Chut, (!silicafied slate) 1373 [46266] do. [32] 1365-1524 Patagonia. + 1365. Selenite, from the cliffs, E. entrance of St Joseph's Bay. Cape Blanco. + 1372. Hard heavy blue highly siliceous slate, quite infusible; from C. Blanco, hill 60 ft high. + 1373. A quartz-rock (not pure) with interstices earthy particles; Cape Blanco. (An obscure brecciated structure, the fragments having the character of flint: the rock is not granular, excepting that the interstices make it so. Must not
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[67] 2513-2534. Chiloe Island, Chile. + 2513. Concretion from Tertiary formation of Chiloe; headland on which P. Teny is. (Diameter 3 1/4 inches). (Henslow says very like Magnesian Limestone. Make section examine nature. Blue matter supposed as phosph. iron. Whole fusible, highly magnetic black glass, with ease. Non-calc.: central parts friable, minutely broken crystals scarcely aggregated, nor compact, so as almost to show a tendency to form minute interstitial cavities: centre of yellowish
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. mica crysts. felsp.; very pale grey felspathic lavas.) + 2644. Blackish do. with olivine; zeolite. ( Black brown mottled; crysts. of glassy felsp. few specks of olivine, both certain, zeolite amygd. : base fuses into pale green enamel.) + 2645. Fine cellular brown scovier. + 2646. White, light, friable aluminous stone. (Exceedingly like limest., but decomp? trachytic ashes.) + 2647. Greenish-grey siliceous greywacke; round bits of quartz slate. + 2648. True fine-grained laminated micaceous blue
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; on road between Simon's Bay and Cape Town. (Even in these specimens the ferrugs. matter shows constant tendency to form shell, generally angular in this case, but also spherical as near Chiloe Blue Mountains; spherical tendency best developed in 3650). [page 120
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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the anterior feelers are raised into a sort of rudimentary membrane, which traverses the back, enclosing branchi , meet at the tail. this membrane is fringed with projections paps on its edges. |47| Tail cyl round, pointed. On right side between branchi mouth, a closed orifice was visible. Generative? A strong pulsation was perceptible on the back before the Branchi . Length of body .3 (probably young specimen) colours most beautiful; side blue white with projecting white paps with irregular
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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protected by the Hyaline stony points. the scales on centre of back are very obscure, as indeed all the scales are when compared to animal P 215 [note ends] [CD P. 284 continues] Peronia2Blainville3 (1092) (2421 dry) Isd of Tanqui Body when partly crawling blunt oval, posterior extremity truncate retracted above Branchial orifice. This latter large, circular, widely open. convex, when firmly adh ring conical. Above blueish blackish blue, with pale projecting points pale halo round each; edge with
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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. Botofogo bay V 46. 265 X Coralline V 47 [note opposite] Sertularia Lamark, but widely different from any I have seen. 266 Arachnid living on web of Epeira. V 47267 P 268. Cryptogam plants in the forest on bits of stick. 269 F X Fish, swimming surface. Rio bay [cont. opposite] Above scales olive brown with red spots Mark. beneath silvery white; edges of pectoral fin Prussian blue. Emitted a sound like a croak. [Prionotus punctatus Cuv. et Val., Zoology 4:28-9. Exd. LJ] * 270 R X Leposternum (Spira
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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1228 C Crab Iquique Peru 1229 F Fish do [Engraulis ringens Jen., Zoology 4:136-7. N.S. LJ] 1230 R Lizard do [Microlophus Lessonii (1194) TB] 1231 X Salt, edible V. Geology of Iquique [note opposite] from Poste largo, Copiap (Specimen lost) 1232 F X Flying fish. Lat: 18° July [note opposite] Whole upper part of body fins beautiful dark violet-blue. beneath snow white [Exocœtus exsiliens Bl., Zoology 4:122-3. LJ] 1233 R X Snake. Traversia S. of Mendoza. [note opposite] Color primrose yellow with
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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. tidal rocks: big claw from holes. mud-bank. Lagune. 1293 F X Diodon. Beneath snow white. Above dark brownish black. this color is placed in broard rings one within the other on the back, so that on the side they form oblique ones which point both [cont. opposite] ways: Whole upper surface spotted with darker black circular spots. Pectoral dorsal fins yellowish brown. Iris inner edge clouded with orange. Pupil dark green- blue. Make a loud grating noise [listed as Tetrodon annulatus Jen., Zoology 4
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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silvery brown. [Hyla Jacksonianus Bibr. TB] March 1836 K. George's Sound 1399 R Rana, above bright green, brown streak along the eyes, hinder thighs orange. [Hyla furca ??? too bad to determine TB] 1400 Arachnid ; sweeping caught by; neighbourhead of Sydney. 1401 C X Fresh water Crust: Mac. above jet black, beneath basal joints of legs with tinge of dark blue. [note opposite] Inhabits holes in soft mud in swampy places 1402 F Fish. blue. silvery. April Keeling Islands 1403 C X Crabs; the Decapod
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A154
Book contribution:
Matthew, P. 1831. On naval timber and arboriculture; with critical notes on authors who have recently treated the subject of planting. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green; and Edinburgh: Adam Black.
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the aboriginal sallow Kelt, distinguished by high satyr-like feature, deep-placed sparkling brown or grey eye, narrowed lower part of the face, short erect vertebral column, great mental acuteness, and restless vivacity, has emerged from the holes of the earth, the recesses of the forests and wastes, into which it had been swept before the more powerful blue-eyed Caucasian; and being a smaller, more easily subsisting animal, has, by starving and eating out, been gradually undermining the breed
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A901
Beagle Library:
Duncan, John Shute. 1831. Analogies of organized beings. Oxford: S.Collingwood.
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spiders be included amongst the Crustacea, these may afford a no less striking contrast with the form of the scorpion. It would be difficult to shew whether amongst insects the greater number belong to the short-tailed or to the long-tailed division. One of the bright blue libellul , or dragon flies, and a coccinella bi-punctata, called by children lady-cow, are on the same plant before my window. Not to mention the long hairs in the tails of ephemerae, in contrast with tailless tick. There is a
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A909
Beagle Library:
Herschel, John Frederick William. 1831. A preliminary discourse on the study of natural philosophy. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green and John Taylor.
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number of which he cannot divest himself without ceasing to think. But he could never tell, by any effort of reasoning, what would become of a lump of sugar if immersed in water, or what impression would be produced on his eye by mixing the colours yellow and blue. (67.) We have thus pointed out to us, as the great, and indeed only ultimate source of our knowledge of nature and its laws, EXPERIENCE; by which we mean, not the experience of one man only, or of one generation, but the accumulated
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usual luck followed us in the shape of a gale of wind; being in the right direction we scudded before it; by this means we run a long distance, but it was miserable work; every place dark wet the very picture of discomfort. — 9th The weather to day is beautiful; it is the first time for three months that studding sails have been set. — We attribute all this sun-shine blue sky to the change in latitude; small although it be. — We are at present 380 miles from the Rio Negro. — 12th We expect to
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correct. — Amongst the young women, or Chinas, some deserved to be called even beautiful; their hair is coarse but exceedingly bright black; they wear it in two plaits hanging down to the waist. — They have a high colour eyes which glisten with brilliancy. — Their legs, feet arms are small elegantly formed. — Round the wrist ancle they wear broard bracelets of blue beads. Nothing could be more interesting than some of the family groups. — Two or three Chinas (women) ride on one horse; a mother
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Chusa or long spear. — If the balls entangle only catch the neck or body of an animal, they are of course often carried away lost. — As the mere making of the stones round is the labour of two days, the manufacture of the balls is the most usual employment of the Indians. — Several of the men women had their faces painted red, but I never saw the horizontal bands so common amongst the Fuegians. Once I saw a man with a little blue circle straight line leading from it beneath each eye: Their chief
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1833 Novemb 23rd Rode to the Capella Nueva; a straggling village: saw the R. Negro; it is a fine river blue water running stream; it is nearly as large as its namesake to the South. — 24th Went with my host to the Sierra del Pedro flaco [Perico Flaco] about 20 miles up the R. Negro: the greater part of the ride was through long grass up to the horses belly. — There are few Estancias leagues of camp without a head of cattle. The country left to nature as it now is would easily produce 5 or 6
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brackish. — It is remarkable that on the surface of this plain there are shells of the same sort which now exist. — the muscles even with their usual blue colour. — It is therefore certain, that within no great number of centuries all this country has been beneath the sea. —Wretched looking as the country is, it supports very many Guanacoes. — By great good luck I shot one; it weighed without its entrails c 170 pounds: so that we shall have fresh meat for all hands on Christmas day. — 25th Christmas
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1834 April 18th the highest point we ultimately reached, was it scarcely was diminished.or altered Its general breadth is 3 to 400 It is generally from three to four hundred yards broard, in the centre it has about 17 seventeen feet deep; of water gradually shoals on each side perhaps its most remarkable feature is the constant The rapidity of the current, which in its whole course runs in all parts at the rate of from 4 — 6 miles four to six knots an hour. The water is of a very fine blue
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range through the light blue haze of a fine day: the one for a time may be very sublime, the other is all gayety happy life. — The town of Valparaiso is from its local situation a long straggling place; wherever a little valley comes down to the beach the houses are piled up on each other, otherwise it consists of one street running parallel to the coast. We all, on board, have been much struck by the great superiority in the English residents over other towns in S. America. [small sketch in the
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day (11th) we left S. Pedro in the Beagle. — 13th On the 13th we ran into an opening in the Southern part of the Guyatecas or Chonos Archipelago soon found a good harbor. — 14th It is fortunate we reached this shelter. For now a real storm of T. del Fuego is raging with its wonted fury. (36) White massive clouds were piled up against a dark blue sky across them black ragged [1 word deleted] sheets of vapor are were rapidly driven. The successive ranges of mountains appeared [page] 504 Chonos
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1835 Jan. 1 a blue sky does tell one there is a heaven, a something beyond the Clouds, above our heads. — (38) 4th The NW winds continued to prevail we only managed to cross a sort of great bay anchored in an excellent harbor. — This is the place where the Anna Pink, one of Lord Ansons squadron, found refuge during the disasters which beset him. The number of the Seals, was quite astonishing; every bit of flat rock or beach was covered with them. They appear to be of a loving disposition lie
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anchor 16 fathoms of cable; We only anchored for an hour, in heaving up, the jerks were so violent that the cable snapped in two. — This is the sixth anchor since leaving England! 23rd We have not been very lucky with the survey; during part of each day there has been a fog: I suppose this fog is heavy rain in Chiloe; we now are in a land of blue skys. — 24th In the evening came to an anchor under the lee of the island of Mocha: we had an unusual [page] 538 Is
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1835 March 21st Arctic navigators as Red Snow. Subsequently I found under the microscope it consists of groups of minute red balls, the diameter of which is 1/1000th of an inch, having several envelopes. — The snow was only tinged where crushed by the mules hoofs where the thaw had been rapid. — (61) When we reached the crest looked backwards, a glorious view was presented. The atmosphere so resplendently clear, the sky an intense blue, the profound valleys, the wild broken forms, the heaps of
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single mountain; this Chileno method of giving one name to a tract of mountains is a fruitful source of error. — In this region of snow there was a blue patch; no doubt a glacier. — A fact phenomenon which is not thought to occur in these mountains. — (62) [page] 542A St Jago — Mendoz
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during the whole time, a rainy year generally follows, this does more harm than even the drought. — The river swells covers with gravel sand the [1 word deleted] narrow strip of ground which can be cultivated alone is fit for cultivation; the flood also injures the irrigating ditches. Great devastation had thus been caused in this manner three years ago. (77) I called in the evening at the house of the Governador ; the Signora was a Limenian affected blue-stockingism superiority over her neighbours
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in the morning then steered for two small Isds which lie 100 miles to the North of the rest of the Group [Culpepper and Wenman Islands]. — 20th After having surveyed these the Ships head was put towards Otaheite we commenced our long passage of 3200 miles. — November 1st We are now travelling steadily onwards at the rate of 150 or 160 miles a day. — The trade wind night day incessantly blows. — With studding sails set on each side we pleasantly cross the blue ocean. — We Having now left the
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itself with the bread vegetables which its inhabitants consume. — It is essentially pastoral, chiefly so for sheep not the larger animals quadrupeds: the alluvial land near Emu ferry is some of the best cultivated which I have seen; certainly the scenery on the banks of the Nepean, bounded to the West by the Blue Mountains, was pleasing even to the eye of a person thinking of England. — At Sunset by my good fortune a party of a score of the Aboriginal Blacks passed by, each carrying in their
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1836 Jany 17th find that here, at the distance of more than 70 seventy miles from Sydney, they could make up 15 beds fifteen beds could be made up for travellers. — 18th Very early in the morning I walked about three miles to see Govett's Leap; a view of the a similar, but even perhaps more stupendous character than that of the Weatherboard. So early in the day the gulf was filled with a thin blue haze, which, although destroying the general effect, added to the apparent depth of the forest
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country viewed from an eminence, appears a woody plain, with here there a few rounded partly bare granite hills standing up hills of granite. — One day I went out with a party in hopes of seeing a Kangaroo hunt, so walked over a good many miles of country. — Every where we found the soil sandy very poor; gave it either supported a coarse vegetation of thin low brushwood wiry grass, or a forest of stunted trees. — The scenery resembled the elevated sandstone platform of the Blue Mountains: the
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1836 April 1st greater part on white sand, is when illuminated by a vertical sun of a most vivid green. This brilliant expanse, which is several miles wide, is on all sides divided either from the dark heaving water of the ocean by a line of breakers, or from the blue vault of Heaven by the strip of land, crowned at an equal height by the tops of the Cocoa nut trees. As in the sky here there a white cloud affords a pleasing contrast, so in the lagoon dark bands of living Coral are seen through
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midday as seen against the pale blue [page] 752 Bahi
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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tinge of rust colour on back. broard transverse bands with white undulation behind them. Agama682 General colour not so blue, with pointed, bright yellow undulations in hinder part of brown band Agama683 General colour rather darker; back dark brown with central light reddish longitudinal band with small transverse ones branching off. Agama684 Pale reddish grey, brown transverse bands, yellowish white posterior undulations Agama 685 General colour especially tail much redder: All these Lizards
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1792 (47122), felspathic grit. [43] 1789-1846. Port Famine, Patagonia, etc. Port Famine. + 1789. Compact calcereo-slate, surrounding [concretions with fossils.] (Compact heavy blue- grey calcareous clay-slate. It is a clay-slate without laminated structure, easily fuses, greenish black enamel.) + 1790. Common slate (not calcareous); the harbour. (It is very compact, but very little laminated.) + 1791. Calcareous grey earthy harder beds, frequently alternating with the slate. (Coarser-grained
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indescribable. + 2684. Compact blue-grey rock, perhaps same nature as 2654, with impressions of + 2685. vegetables. + 2686. Blackened rock ( stained throughout with iron), heavy; irregular cavities. + 2687. White rock such as the above blasted blackened. + 2688. [ditto] + 2689. Much the same as 2657. + 2690. Fine-grained hard, even fract. aluminous ferrugs. rock, perhaps like 2653, but slightly granular, like sandstone. + 2691. Pale dirty green, nearly compact but containing crystn. felsp.; very
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calc-sper; slightly blackens at first by heat. = Vide [illeg] carb. of lime in Phillips. - Henslow says this latter where basalt has passed over chalk, blue, compact. This [page 134
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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. 3, p. 10. [CD P. 6 continues] (a) 52 92 Doris1. body oval. length 3.5 of inch. indigo blue slightly caudate. with surrounding membrane. [note (a)] feelers white: Branchi 2 short. conical. 8 in numb er . [note ends] (b) 53 Doris length .4 slightly caudate. above light rose red with narrow orange rim: beneath with white marks: feelers branchi white. [note (b)] Jan 30th. Doris. surrounding membrane large. the pink colour in rays: Branchi 12 conical situated in semicircle, with points bent in
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Sipuncula, Echiura and Priapulida. 2 An echinoderm of order Apodida. See p. 125. 3 The sea hare Aplysia is a gastropod mollusc of order Anaspidea. [CD P. 9 commences] No. 70 Actinia1. Short, height ¾, breadth ¾. Tentacula numerous. lengthened, pointed. wood brown bottom do: sides smooth dark greenish black with on overlapping edges about 10 bright blue spots. [page] 13 ST JAGO JANUARY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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ends] [CD P. 19 continues] Porpita (b) Porpita5. Feb 14th. 2°30 N. prussian blue. width .07. back rounded, slightly tuberculated, convex. slightly striated from centre, where there is a [page] 23 EQUATOR FEBRUARY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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, transversely lined, with a globular much tuberculated head. The occasional protrusion of some of their tentacula has given rise to the idea that there were 2 sorts of them. Vide Cuvier. Mouth white, membranous, tubercular, projecting, round which is a row of simple vermiform tentacula, of a China blue. |20| [note (b) added later] PL. 3 Fig. 8A no side ridge such as in A. Peronia of Blainville6: Shell flat when seen from above (or edgewise) sides equal: whorls coiled obliquely spiral. so that on
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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3 P M 20 81 4 P M 22 81 5 P M 21 81½ 6 P M 21 81½ 7 P M 27 81 8 P M 25 81½ 10 P M 27 81¼ 11 P M 27 81½ 28th 8 A M 28 79 10 A M 10...30 79¼ 4 P M do 78½ 9 P M Anchored 20 76½ During this day (28th) the colour of sea varied, being sometimes black Indigo blue , in evening very green. This table shows in some cases how little the Thermometer is affected. during the 26th 27th, when not close to the Island, the mean of temp no bottom (at the lowest) at 150 fathom is within a very small fraction of
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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2 According to CD, the Beagle had sailed over 5° northwards during the night! The table of compass variations during the voyage that appears in Narrative, Appendix to Vol. II, pp. 86-8, gives the Latitude on 27th March as 17°54 . 3 Identified by Porter (1987) in Plant Notes pp. 212-14 as a blue-green alga Oscillatoria erythraea (Ehrenberg) Kützing. 4 Edward Main Chaffers was Master of the Beagle. 5 Robert Brown (1773-1858) was a botanist and microscopist who discovered Brownian motion. 6 See
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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green copper; head greenish: tail yellow. Fish5391 (a) Body pale, darker above; broard silvery band on sides; common: [note (a)] This is probably the old fish of the small ones (367) taken at sea. [note ends] Fish6392 Body mottled with silver green; dorsal caudal fins lead colour: common Fish7393 Back coloured like Labrador feldspar; iris coppery: plentiful Fish8394 Above dirty reddish brown; beneath faint blue; iris yellow: plentiful Fish9395 Above pale purplish brown, with rounded darker
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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ranks it) to the Tubularia than to the Sertulari . I never saw anything more beautifully luminous than this Coralline was; when rubbed in the dark every fibre might be traced by the blue light. What was remarkable was that the light came in flashes, which appeared regularly to proceed up the branches: The coralline emitted a strong disagreeable odour. Was brought from the bottom in abundance in 10 fathom water. October 1st. Plate 7, Fig. 1 1 Actiniaria, a sea anemone. 2 Mesogastropoda
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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depressed form general appearance partakes of some of the characters of the Geckos. Colours above singularly mottled, the small scales are coloured brown, white, yellowish red, blue, all dirty, the brown forming symetrical clouds. Beneath white, with regular spots of brown on the belly. Habits singular, lives on the beach, on the dry sand some way from the vegetation. Colour of body much resembles that of the sand. When frightened, it depresses its body stretching out its legs closing its eye
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F1840
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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, agreeable. |181| [note (d)] Iris reddish orange, bill blue especially lower mandible; there are specimens in which the narrow black white bands on breast are scarcely visible, what is more remarkable the under feathers of the tail are only most obscurely barred. as this absence varied in extent, I imagine it to be the effect of age not sex. [note ends] [listed as Thamnophilus doliatus Vieill in Zoology 3:58] [CD P. 181 commences] Ornithology (1240) Muscicapa, in stomach chiefly Coleoptera [? listed as
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, legs with faint tint of blue. [note ends] [listed as Anumbius ruber D'Orb. and Lafr. in Zoology 3:80, NHM 1855.12.19.53] * (b) (1250) Certhia. legs blueish. These three birds together with (1226 1228) are very similar in their habits general appearance; they all frequent conceal themselves amongst the rushes aquatic plants on borders of lake. the tongue of all of them is bifid with fibrous projecting points: legs all strong: iris of eyes all yellowish red. tails have a somewhat similar structure
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of a different shape in the two specimens: Are they varieties or species? (1256) Certhia: iris yellow reddish; legs pale with touch of blue [? listed as Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieill in Zoology 3:79] (1257) Parus (?) in very small flocks, habits like Europ an genus [of tit]: there is specimen (650) in spirits, because the beak of this one is imperfect. [listed as Serpophaga albo-coronata Gould in Zoology 3:49-50] (1258) Sylvia, not very common (1259) Sylvia, uncommon, amongst reeds (a) (1260
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Caracaras, although placed amongst the Eagles, are in their habits inactive flight, cowardly disposition, protruding craw are true carrion feeders. The Carrancha must be the Caracara vulgaire or Braziliensis of Dic Class: Cop [notes added later] (b) North of B. Blanca, I saw ( believe one or two others) a Caracara in figure shape like the Carrancha, but differing entirely in color; legs skin about bill blue: whole body light brown, excepting crown of head round eyes which are dark brown. I believe this
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, back fins with few clouds of leaden color. grows to 3 4 feet long. 1019 [illeg. pencil note] Crust. Macrouri: sold in market; whole body legs with Arteri Hyacinth R ; intermediate spaces paler; yellow pale blue dots. |270| 1 Only four of the specimens in this batch were in good enough condition to be identified by Leonard Jenyns in Zoology 4 and CUL DAR 29(i). 2 Listed as Heliases Crusma Val. in Zoology 4:54-6. 3 Listed as Pinguipes Chilensis Val. in Zoology 4:22. 4 Listed as Sebastes oculata
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suppose they vary them according to the season. Frequents the thickest hedges thickets. It is very odd that Molina takes no notice of this genus. [CD P. 275 continues] Emberiza9 (2175) with serrated bill (2175.2176) called Rara from its scarceness. which however does not appear to be the case. it is a quiet solitary bird: is very injurious to buds of trees. iris of eye bright scarlet. Phytotoma vera of Molina. (c) (a) Blue sparrow10 (2177) called Diuca , also of Molina. habits have been
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Kingfisher3 of T. del Fuego. (2122) Fringilla of S. Cruz (2015) rare Fringilla4 (blue orange) of T. del F. S. Cruz (2017). Not uncommon. 2298 Tufted Tit found in Patagonia T. del Fuego is here tolerably common: found small soft simple nest at latter end of August. 2198 Muscicapa, called Silgaro In my passage of the Andes, I noticed at heights which could not be less than 8000 ft; the following birds the common Sparrow: Fringilla5 (2015): The black Furnarius of T. del Fuego shores: Muscicapa
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partly Herbivorous! not uncommon on sunny grassy hills: Tongue colored fine dark blue. |348| Snake31363 Above colored Hair Brown with much Liver Br . beneath mottled Grey. The abdomen being burst in catching the animal: a small snake appeared from the disrupted egg: Hence Ovoviparous: Is not this curious in Coluber? Lizard 1364 Along the back a space ash coloured, which contracts over the loins; in centre of this, chain of transverse marks connected together of the richest brown: Within these
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25 R do 28 29, 30, 31. Aplysia. V 14(c) [Aplysia SFH] * 32 Nereis Quail Island [4 Amphinomidae SFH] * 33 Lobularia [Zoanthid SFH] * 34 R Gecko. Red hill [Hemidactylus (also 219) Hemidactylus Mabonia young TB] 35 Crustace : Centipedes with blue long legs. Red hill (700 high} Blatt . Jan. 22d 1832 Porto Praya 36 Actinia. tentacula base scarlet red, body dark arterial blood red: common [1 Actinian SFH] * 37 R Gecko. with mended tail [Platydactylus Darwinii (13) TB] 38 Lobularia. Actinia [Zoanthid
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longitud: bands pale do: [Proctotretus Weigmannii to be figured. try 399 for length of tail TB] 462 Gossamer spider, Rio Plata Octob 31. V 117463 R :464. Bufo, in the marshes B. Ayres: belly dirty yellow, with do dorsal line: note very high: odour singular fetid. [Bufo D'orbignii adult 652 TB] 465 F :466. Fish. M. Video 467 F Fish do do 468 R X Ameiva M Video [note opposite] Back emerald green with black patches white lines. lateral ventral scales bright blue [Acrantus viridis [illeg.] (D'Azara
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1181 Arachnid 1182 C Crab. fresh water Brook 1183 Acari (red) skin of Lizard. 1184 Vaginulus V 272(a). 1185 Pediculi V 315. 1186 C Crustacea. open sea, a degree S. of Concepcion. 1835 1187 R X Snake. sand dunes Concepcion 1188 F Fish. disc of body yellowish brown with minute spots; 4 transverse bands in front part, superior convex edge most beautiful cobalt blue. body generally dark yellowish brown. 1189: R 90. Frog same as (1178) Valdivia [note opposite] Above light brown with three narrow
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side Clove brown shading into the whitish belly 1835 Galapagos 1311 Salt water from Salina in Crater at James Isd. V Geology 1312 In place of 3156 1313 do of 3157 1314 S Balanid . bottom of Yawl 1315 R Lizard V 336 [Amblyrynchus Demarlii Bibron IV. p. 197; listed by TB in Zoology 5:22] 1316 C Crust. Macr from fresh water pool near Sea Beach Chatham Isl. Otahiti 1317 F Fish. splendid Verditer blue green [Acanthurus humeralis Cuv. Val., Zoology 4:76-7. Exd. LJ] * 1318 F Fish. [Scarus lepidus Jen
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Video 848 I Heterom: common under stones 849 I X Nest of Bee, under stones [note opposite] Contained leaden blue, slightly sweet honey: mouth closed by a sepal of a flower. 850 I Heterom, feeding on Composit when touched, like Meloe emitting yellow fluid 851 I Heterom: habits. do do. 856 S Shells. Rat Island 857 S Fresh water shells. 858 I Coleoptera, The Mount [for specimens 858-884 see Insect Notes pp. 66-9] 1832 859 S Land shells. Monte Video 860 I Meloe. San Blas: Bay of Patagonia 861 I
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2171 B Caprimulgus male [listed as Caprimulgus bifasciatus Gould in Zoology 3:36-7, NHM 1855.12.19.241] * 2172 B Myothera. Turco . female [listed as Pteroptochus megapodius Kittl. in Zoology 3:71-2] 2173 B do Tapacola female [listed as Pteroptochus albicollis Kittl. in Zoology 3:72] 2174 B do do 2175 B Rara male. 2176 B do female 2177 B Blue sparrow male 2178 B do do 2179 B Large Trochilus [listed as Trochilus gigas Vieill. in Zoology 3:111-12] 2180 B do male. 2181 B :82 Larks both males 2183
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called Chilla of the English Translation of Molina) is recognised as quite distinct animal: The blue fox of Chiloe is sent home; the common fox is the same as the specimens from B. Blanca: Thus I have all four: [listed as Canis azar in Zoology 2:14-16] 3189 B Petrel. Callao Bay [listed as Daption Capensis in Zoology 3:140-1, labelled in error 1389D]* 3190 B Petrel Iquique Peru [listed as Pelecanoides Garnotii G.R.Gray in Zoology 3:139] 3191 B Sand Plover do. do. 3192 P Cryptogam. plants. Same
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to be distinguished. + 3278. Brown, smally cellular trachyte. (With blue indisct. oliv.) + 3279. Grey compact do.; few crysts. of glassy felsp. some olivine. + 3280. Blackish-grey lava, abounding + 3281. Do., blacker, more cellular. (Jet-black, crystn. vesicr. lava, abounding with points of olivine; fuses dark green. + 3282. Orange brown sandst, semi-veinous; small black glossy patches; [irregular] fracture. + 3283. Do., compact, fine-grained volc. sandstone. (3282-3 Is seen to consist of minute
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from rocks and shoals. AC NTO, sm. (Bot.) 1. Prickly thistle; brank ursin. 2. (Arq.) Acanthus leaf. ACANTONAMI NTO, sm. Cantonment. ACANTONAR, va. To send troops into cantonments. ACA AVERE R, va. To prick and wound the flesh with sharp-pointed canes. ACA ONE R, va. To cannonade. ACAPARR RSE, vr. To take refuge under another's cloak. ACAPARROS DO, DA, a. Of a copperas colour; of a colour between blue and green. ACAPIZ RSE, vr. (Vulg.) To seize or pull the hair. ACAPON DO, DA, a. Capon-like
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a icos, To break into small bits. Hacerse a icos, To take too much exercise, to overheat one's self. A L, sm. 1. (Bot.) The Indigo-plant. Indigofera anil L. 2. The mass extracted from the leaves, and stalks, of the indigo-plant. 3. A blue colour. A IN RO, sm. Skinner, a dealer in lamb-skins. A NES, sm. Coarse tow. A NOS, sm. pl. The fleecy skins of yearling lambs. A R DO, DA, a. Dyed blue. A O, sm. 1. A year, twelve months. 2. A long space of time more than what is regular or neccssary. 3. The
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LEO; LEA, a. Sky-blue or light blue. CER MA, sf. V. Cerrumas. CERV L, a. Belonging to a deer, or resembling it. Miedo cerval, Great timidity. CERV RIO, RIA, a. V. Cerval. CERV TICA. sf. V. Langoston. CERVAT CO CERVAT LLO, sm. A small deer. CERV TO, sm. A young deer, not yet full grown. CERVECER A, sf. Brewhouse. 2. Alehouse where beer is sold. CERVEC RO, sm. One who brews or sells beer. CERV DA, sf. Extremity of the ribs of pork. CERV ZA, sm. Beer or ale, a liquor prepared from malt and hops
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, to embellish. HERMOS LLA, sf. 1. (Bot.) Blue throat-wort. Trachelium c ruleum L. 2. Kind of silk stuff. HERM SO, SA, a. 1. Beautiful, handsome. 2. Rare, uncommon. HERMOS RA, sf. 1. Beauty, that assemblage of graces which pleases the eye. 2. Symmetry, agreement of one part to another. H RNIA, sf. Hernia, rupture. HERN STA, sm. Surgeon who applies himself in particular to the cure of ruptures. HERODI NO, NA, a. Herodian, belonging to Herod. H ROE, sm. HERO, a man eminent for bravery and valour
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spell the pump or the lead. Al turno, By turns. Por su turno, In his turn. TUR N, sm. A kind of field-mouse. Mus silvaticus L. T RPE, a. (Ant.) V. Torpe. TURQU SA, sf. 1. Mould for making pellets or balls to be thrown from a cross-bow. 2. Turkois, a precious stone of a beautiful blue colour. TURQUES DO, DA, a. Of the turkois colour. TURQU SCO, CA, a. Turkish. A' la turquesca, In the Turkish manner. TURQU TURQU NO, NA, a. Of a deep blue colour. TORR R, va. To toast, to roast. TURR N, sm. Sweetmeat
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. Besides, moreover. ULTRAJAD R, RA, s. One who outrages or insults. ULTRAJAMI NTO, sm. Outrage, affront, injury. ULTRAJ R, va. To outrage, to offend, to treat injuriously; to despise, to depreciate. ULTR JE, sm. Outrage, contempt, injurious language. ULTRAJOSAM NTE, ad. Outrageously. ULTRAJ SO, SA, a. Outrageous, scornful. ULTRAM R, a. 1. Ultramarine, beyond the seas, foreign. 2. (Pint.) Ultramarine, blue colour. ULTRAMAR NO, NA, a. Ultramarine. ULTRAMAR NO, sm. Ultramarine, the finest blue
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herbs and plants. 2. Verdigrise, colour made of an oxide of copper. 3. Youth, the early stage of life. 4. Person in the bloom of age. 5. Green barley or grass, given in spring to horses or mules in order to purge them. Darse un verde, To amuse one's self. Verde forzado, Green made by mixing blue and yellow. a. 1. Green, of the colour of plants. 2. Unripe, immature, not perfect; fresh. 3. Young, blooming. Viejo verde, A boyish old man. VERD A, sf. A sort of Florence white wine. VERDE R, vn. To grow
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length .8. (D). crest on the side. (E) part of it magnified. F much magnified. (A) tentacula about mouth. of two sorts. one small bright blue. the other longer. reddish brown with dark spots. (B) small process. (C) magnified. [the further entries for 16th Jan. concerned with volcanic dust have later been crossed through3] 16th Jany (f) V. (11) (B) At 8 oclock this morning the vane was taken down from the mast head found on the under side to be covered with a very impalpable soft yellow-brown dust
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circular eyelid. the pupil was of a dark blue. The animal was slightly phosphorescent at night. [note (1)] Preserved in spirits No. (50). [note ends] [note (a) added later] Jan 30th. Found another. changed its colour in the same manner when first taken. Caught another: I first discovered him by his spouting water into my face when I certainly was 2 feet above him. When seen in water was of dark colour with rings: being with difficulty removed from a deep hole placed in a puddle of water swam well
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order Mesogastropoda and superfamily Heteropoda, whereas Limacina is another shelled pteropod. Only A. inclinata and A. peronii are found in the area. See Dic. Class. 2:58. 5 Porpita is a blue button , a pelagic hyroid that floats on or near the surface. The animal identified by Chancellor et al. (1988) as No. 4/12904 in the Oxford University Museum, and classified as Amphipoda: Gammaridea, must have been in the same bottle. 6 See Planche 58 showing Onchidie (Veronicelle), Planche 63 of Péronie de
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(a) March 10th a Diodon1 was caught swimming in its unexpanded form near to the shore. Length about an inch: above blackish brown, beneath spotted with yellow. Above On head four soft projections; the upper ones longer like the feelers of a snail. Eye with pupil dark blue; iris yellow mottled with black. The dorsal caudal anal fins are so close together that they act as one. [note (a)] These fins as well as the Pectorals which are placed just before branchial apertures, are in a continued state
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the colour. [note ends] Fish (b) In the above Lat Long caught 2 specimens of a fish5; belly silvery white, mottled with brownish black. side blueish with dusky greenish markings. Iris yellow with dark blue pupil. Caudal fin with a pink tinge: these fish were 120 [miles] from the nearest land above water, namely Abbrolhos: but the shoals are considerably nearer. [note (b)] Nos. 156 157. [note ends] 1 See Plant Notes pp. 153-4. 2 No specimen of Mantodea was found in CD's collection (see Insect Notes
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. [note (d)] This animal was in considerable numbers: We were in shoaling water (not coloured fine blue) about 100 miles off the mouth of the Plata. [note ends] I cannot understand the organization of this animal. I could not see Branchi : The thickened pink edge can hardly be considered as the Liver. Perhaps the pear-shaped bags may be the ovaries. |71| N.B. [note (X) added later] From a careful examination of an animal very closely allied to this (V Page (91) Septr 5th) I am able to pronounce
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When cooked was good eating. Fish2348 Many specimens exceeded a foot in length. Above aureous-coppery; with wavelike lines of dark brown, then often collect into 4 or 5 transverse bands. fins leaden colour. beneath obscure: pupil dark blue. When caught vomited up small fish a Pilumnus. Mr Earl3 states these fish are plentiful at Tristan d Acunha, where it is called the Devil fish, from the bands being supposed the marks of the Devils fingers. Was tough for eating, but good. This sort was taken
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species of ostrich ½ the size of the common one. The following I believe to be a tolerably accurate description, colour mottled, shape of head, neck, body same as in ostrich. legs rather shorter, feathered to the claws; feathers same structure as in ostrich; hairs about the head. cannot fly, is taken more easily than other ostrich with the balls. This bird is however more universally known by its eggs, which are little inferior in size to the Rhea, but of a blue green colour. It [is] generally
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is a small projecting point, or rudimentary leg, with few bristles: there were no branchial plates. Animal could swim laterally very rapidly, generally in circular direction; antenn retracted: Shell hard elastic. Animal coloured blue; in open ocean South of Corrientes. |117| [note (c) on CD P. 115 added later] Octob: Examined another specimen. Each of the 12 legs is bisected at its summit, from whence proceeds a bunch of set . this is more true than saying a small external leg: Eyes are formed
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. with bit of cobalt gave a permanent |149| blue. I suppose therefore it [is] nearly pure alumina. It occurs in the Slate Mountain, I imagine from the decomposition of the beds of Feldspathic rock. The black I have not obtained: the black is I believe only charcoal oil: [note (a)] I found some of the feldspathic greenstones decomposed into a white substance to the depth of 3/10 of inch. [note ends] Heteromerous insects21021...24 (not spirits) copied The habitat of these insects was the most singular
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cirrhi (like the three pair of animal P 159): 5th pair short strong. Then the generative trunk passes on right side backwards, it is rather short rings plainly marked on it. External pied machoire with equal arms. Maxill with the truncate spinous edge irregular: Mandibles with superior tooth not larger than others, than in regular proportion. In other respects mouth agrees well with animal P 159. Mouth, Trophi Cirrhi all coloured dark greenish blue. This is the commonest sort, which at low water
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[notes added later] (z) The Petrel6 (1782) I saw between Falkland Islands Patagonia. Mr Stokes says they build on the Landfall Islands, in holes about a yard deep, even ½ a mile, on the hills, from the sea. somewhat like Puffins. If a person stamps on the ground, many will come out of one hole: eggs elongated white, about size of pidgeon. [correction] I find I am mistaken. this observation of Mr Stokes applies to the small blue petrel with waving dark line (like S) on the wings. 1834 December
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great height this very unusual in the whole tribe. The Caracara (1772) is also pretty common. lastly a beautiful Caracara (Rancanea?) (2029)7: is abundant some distance up the river, but rare at coast. I never saw it any-where else. Skin about beak, yellow. bill blue, black lines: Legs pale yellow. [crossed through in pencil] Caracara (or Chimango) 1772, not uncommon at P. Famine [note ends] [note (z) added later] Shot in Port Famine decided old female: Bill, Cere legs as in descript. of Vulgaris in
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masses of water thus stained, to day of which the latter of the two must have been several miles in extent. B the edge of the blue water red water was quite perfectly defined. What infinite numbers of these microscopical animals! The weather had been for some days calm cloudy. The color of the water as seen at some distance, was that of a river which has flowed through a red-Clay district: Looking vertically downwards on the sea in the shade, the tint was quite as deep as Chocolate. It belongs
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whole back: sides mottled with all the above colours: Belly ash, with few minute longitudinal dark streaks: Head with transverse ones of the dark brown: common: I believe also at Sydney. |349| 1 An oak skink, listed by Thomas Bell in Zoology 5:30 as Cyclodus Casuarin Bibr. 2 A blotched blue-tongued lizard, identified by F.W. and J.M. Nicholas in Charles Darwin in Australia (Cambridge University Press, 1989) as Tiliqua nigrolutea. 3 Identified by F.W. and J.M. Nicholas (loc. cit.) as either a
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process commenced. I saw several pair of these bodies attached to each other, cone along side cone, at that end where the Septum occurs. I do not know whether they constantly adh re in this manner when floating in the ocean. [see sketch in margin] |351| 1 Identified in Plant Notes pp. 216-17 as probably another blue-green alga (Cyanophyta) of indeterminate genus. 2 The passage marked with capital A's and double brackets has been extensively revised at a period when CD was no longer using
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, during the early part of their life they remain probably feed on the beach. Their flesh is very good food: in the tail of a large one there is a lump of [continued at (a) on back of CD P. 362] fat, which when melted gives a bottle full of Oil. They are exceedingly strong. The back is coloured dull brick red; the under side of body legs is blue, but the upper side of legs clouded with dull red. In the Voyage par un Officier du Roi to the Isle of France3, there is an account of a Crab which
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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semitransparent colourless: with a bright silver band on each side: also so marked about the head; taken some miles from the land [Atherina incisa Jen., Zoology 4:79-80. Exd. LJ] 368 Loligo, same as (363 V) 369 C Crust: Macrour. (new genus) perfect specimen V 97370 C Isopod. Cymothoudes. V 98 Bahia Blanca 371 X Fish. [note opposite] Body silvery, excepting back greenish blue. [Clupea arcuata Jen., Zoology 4:134. N.S. LJ] 372 X Mygalus; Epeira. 2 Lycosa. B. Blanca [note opposite] Small Lycosa; body pale
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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. 784 X Alcyonium, pale flesh red . site do. fragment of Eschara. [note opposite] Mass slightly branched, turned transparent. Polypi when protruded .2 long, with eight shortly fimbriated arms: sensation does not appear to be communicated from one Polypus to another. Port St. Julian 785 F Fish. rocky pools 786 C Crustace found with (782) * 787 Arachnid , under gravel above high water mark 788 F Fish, whole body silvery, upper part of back iridescent blue, lower greenish, spotted with coppery-lead
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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night: Here there were very many Whales: 5 miles out at sea. 834 C X Crustace . S of C. Penas. 11 Fathoms, 3 miles out at sea: caught at night. [note opposite] Largest most abundant specimen color pale red, like half boiled crab; excessively numerous: (833) 2nd sized Amphipod (with dark blue eyes back) also very numerous: * 835 F Fish. Hab do: beautifully silvery with raised lateral line: upper parts of back, pale Auricular purple most beautiful 836 Parasitical worm from under Branchial covering of
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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blackish. Kelp. E. entrance of Beagle Channel. 849 F X Fish: Pectoral. Dorsal Caudal, Tile vermilion red side of head, 4 or 5 very [cont. opposite] irregular rows do color. Anal, Ventral Branchial covering dark blue black. Hab: as above. 850 C X Crust: 1 mile from shore: 16 F. caught at night. NE. end of Navarin Isd [note opposite] Is the small most numerous specimen with rudimentary legs the young of (834) * 851 C Crust: from sea-weed c c at bottom, 16 Fathom. NE. end of Navarin Isd * 852 X 3 sorts of
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