A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

part of the ocean: and offer some observations, which may prove interesting to navigators. Whatever relates to the variations of the temperature of the air, and that of the sea, the hygrometrical state of the atmosphere, the blue colour of the sky, the inclination and intensity of the magnetic focus, will be found collected in my journal at the end of the third chapter, where it will be seen, from the detail and number of experiments, that we endeavoured to make the best use possible of the

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

on a sky of the purest blue, whilst dark thick clouds enveloped the rest of the mountain to the height of 1800 toises. The pumice stone, illumined by the first rays of the sun, reflected a reddish light, like that which paints the summits of the higher Alps. This light by degrees becomes a dazzling whiteness; and, deceived like the greater part of travellers we thought that the peak was still covered with snows, and that we should with difficulty reach the edge of the crater.We have remarked, in

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

are offered us by the great picture of nature.Travellers have learnt by experience, that views from the summits of very lofty mountains are neither so beautiful, picturesque, nor varied, as those from heights which do not exceed that of Vesuvius, Rigi, and the Puy-de-D me. Colossal mountains, such as Chimborazo, Antisana, or Mount Rose, compose so large a mass, that the plains covered with rich vegetation are seen only in the immensity of distance, where a blue and vapory tint is uniformly

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

hygrometrical state of the air, the intensity of the blue color of the sky, and the magnetic phenomena. TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR.In the vast basin of the Northern Atlantic Ocean, between the coasts of Europe, Africa, and the New Continent, the temperature of the atmosphere offered us a very slow increment, as we passed from the 43d to the 10th degree of latitude. From Corunna to the Canary islands, the centigrade thermometer, observed at noon and in the shade, ascended gradually from ten to eighteen

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

by direct proof, whether the cyanometrical observations are comparable with each other, I have often placed the instrument in the hands of persons, who had not been accustomed to this kind of measurement, and I have observed, that their judgment on the shades of blue toward the horizon and at the zenith never differed more than two degrees.The chamois hunters and Swiss herdsmen have at all times been struck with the intense color of the heavenly vault on the summit of the Alps. In the year 1765

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

Saussure on the decrement of the intensity of color observed from the zenith to the horizon. On the 14th of July, in latitude 16 19 , the sky being of the purest blue, the thermometer keeping at twenty-two degrees, and the hygrometer at eighty-eight degrees, I found, toward noon, at 1 of height, 3 of the cyanometer 10 6 20 10 30 16 5 40 18 60 22 between 70 90 23 5 The 30th of June, in latitude 18 58 , the thermometer being at 21 2 , and the hygrometer at 81 5 , the cyanometric decrement had been

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

are a great number of circumstances, in which the intensity of the aerial light is very small while the cyanometer indicates deeper tints. Mr. Leslie * has observed, for instance, by his photometer, that the light diffused is weaker, when the sky is of a very deep and pure blue, than when it is slightly covered by transparent vapor. So, on the mountains where the intensity of the direct light is the greatest s, the aerial light is very weak, because the rays are reflected by air of less density

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

, at forty-two leagues distance from this cape. Gentle gale N.N.E.air, 18 7 . Cyanometer, 14 . 8 41 0 16 9 Wind north-east, very weak. Temp.of the air, 12 5 . Hygrometer, 45 6 . Deluc (82 Saussure). 9 39 10 16 18 Temperature of the sea, 15 ; temp.of the air, 14 5 ; northerly wind,feeble; serene sky. Thermometer exposed to the sun,16 9 Sun's force, 2 4 ; in the parallel of Peniche. Cyanometer, 15 (the blue of the ocean measured with the same instrument 35 ). Hygrometer the whole day, 81 83

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

9 evening 22 2 55 2 10 22 2 57 (89 Saus.) 3 16 41 36 31 Temperature of the sea, 22 5 . Variations of the instruments: hrs. ther. Deluc's hygrom 17 22 7 56 8 (88 7 saus.) dull. 18 22 6 57 0 Sun rising, very soft rain 20 22 6 56 2 dull 0 22 8 56 0 very soft rain, scattered drops, which do not touch the hygrometer, and scarcely any way affect the hygroscopical state of the air. 1 22 8 59 0 2 23 1 52 5 3 22 7 62 0 6 21 8 60 2 11 22 7 57 0 blue, stars beautiful. 4 16 19 39 19 Sea, 22 5 ;air, 22

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

from the top of the hill of San Francisco, an extensive view over the sea, the plain covered with bera* and its golden flowers, and the Mountains of the Brigantine. We were struck at the great proximity in which the Cordillera presented itself, before the disk of the rising sun had reached the horizon. The tint of the summits is of a deeper blue, their outline is more strongly marked, and their masses are more detached, as long as the transparency of the air remains undisturbed by the vapours

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

gular rows, three or four feet distant from each other. Care is taken to weed them often, and the principal stalk is several times topped, till greenish blue spots indicate to the cultivator the maturity of the leaves. They begin to gather them in the fourth month, and this first gathering generally terminates in the space of a few days. It would be better to pluck the leaves only as they dry. In good years, the cultivators cut the plant when it is only four feet high; and the shoot, which

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

bignonia of a violet blue, the purple dolichos, and for the first time that magnificent solandra , the * Caruto, genipa americana. The flower, at Caripe, has sometimes five, sometimes six stamens. A dendrobium, with a golden flower, spotted with black, three inches long. Solandra scandens. It is the gousaticha of the Chayma Indians. [page] 12

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

Carthagena to Santa Fe de Bogo ta. The face of the araguato is of a blackish blue, and covered with a fine and wrinkled skin; it's beard is pretty long; and, notwithstanding the direction of the facial line, the angle of which is only of thirty degrees, the araguato has in the look, and in the expression of the countenance, as much resemblance to man, as the marimonde (s. belzebuth, Br sson) and the capuchin of the Oronoko (s. chiropotes). Among thousands of araguatoes, which we observed in

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

setting of the Sun presented a scene of extraordinary magnificence. The thick veil of the clouds was rent asunder as in shreds quite near the horizon: the Sun appeared at 12 degrees of altitude on a firmament of indigo-blue. It's disk was enormously enlarged, distorted, and undulated toward the edges. The clouds were gilded; and fasciculi of divergent rays, which reflected the most brilliant colours of the rainbow, extended even to the midst of the heavens. There was a great crowd in the public

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

this zone, the temperature of which is so mild, is essentially misty and variable. Notwithstanding the elevation of the spot, the sky is generally less blue at Caraccas than at Cumana. The aqueous vapour is less perfectly dissolved; and here, as in our climates, a, greater diffusion of light diminishes the intensity of the a rial colour, by introducing white [page] 45

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

During the short space of time that the sky was serene at the zenith, I found the blue of the atmosphere sensibly deeper than on the coasts. It was 26 5 of Saussure's cyanometer. At Caraccas, the same instrument generally indicated only 18 in fine and dry weather. It is probable, that, in the months of July and August, the difference of the colour of the sky on the coasts and the summit of the Silla is still more considerable*, but the meteorological phenomenon, with which Mr, Bonpland and

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

Valencia, toward the Villa de Cura, the Cuesta de Yusma, and the denticulated mountains of Guigue. It is very steep, and constantly covered with that light vapour, which in hot climates gives a vivid blue tint to distant objects, and, far from concealing their outlines, renders them more strongly marked. It is believed, that, among the mountains of the interior chain, that of Guayraima reaches an elevation of twelve hundred toises. I found, in the night of the eleventh of February, the

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

some fine specimens of blue carbonated copper, mingled with sulphat of barytes and quartz; but we could not ourselves judge, whether the ore contained any argentiferous fahlerz, and whether it occurred in a stratum, or, as the apothecary who was our guide asserted, in real veins. This much is certain, that the attempt at working the mine cost more than twelve thousand piastres in two years. It would no doubt have been more prudent, to have resumed the works on the auriferous stratum of the Real de

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

of gas, filled with green earth, and crystals of pyroxene and mesotype. Their basis is grayish blue, rather soft, and displays small white spots, which, by the regular form they affect, I should conceive to be decomposed feld-spar. Mr. von Buch has examined with a powerful lens the species we brought. He has discovered, that each crystal of pyroxene, envelopped in the earthy mass, is separated from it by fissures parallel to the sides of the crystal. These fissures seem to be the effect of a

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

toises; which may lead to the belief, that the strata of red sandstone dip toward the South. We gathered in the Mesa de Pavones little nodules of azure iron ore disseminated in the clay . A dense, whitish-gray limestone, with a smooth * Stone of the reefs. Blaue Eisenerde, blue phosphated iron. VOL. IV. 2 C [page] 38

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

. The sky is then constantly without clouds; and if one should appear, it is a phenomenon that engages the whole attention of the inhabitants. The breeze from the East, and the East-North-East, blows with violence. As it brings with it air always of the same temperature, the vapours cannot become visible by cooling. About the end of February and the beginning of March, the blue of the sky is less intense, the hygrometer indicates by degrees greater humidity, the stars are sometimes veiled by a

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

, would have furnished the natives abundantly with pigments to colour themselves blue like the ancient Britons . Yet we see no American tribe painted with indigo. It appears to me probable, as I have already hinted above, that the preference given by the Americans to the red colour is generally founded on the tendency, which nations feel to attribute the idea of beauty to whatever characterizes their national physiognomy. Men whose skin is naturally of a brownish red, love a red colour. If they be

A597.4    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 4.   Text

humidity, and some chemical property of the air of the coast. The saimiris, or titis of the Oroonoko, the ateles, the sajous, and other quadrimanous animals long known in Europe, form a striking contrast both in their gait and habits with the macavahu*, called by the missionaries viudita, or widow in mourning. The hair of this little animal is soft, glossy, and of a fine black. It's face is covered with a mask of a square form, and a whitish colour tinged with blue. This mask contains the eyes, nose

A597.5a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 1.   Text

, as well as the crocodiles, shun the proximity of the black waters. Are these waters, which are a little colder, and chemically different from the white waters, adverse to the larv and the chrysalids of tipulary insects and gnats, which may be considered as real aquatic animals? Some small rivers, the colour of which is deep blue, or yellowish brown, the Toparo, the Mataveni, and the Zama, are exceptions to the almost general rule of the absence of moschettoes over the black waters. These three

A597.5a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 1.   Text

morning we saw thick clouds crossing the zenith rapidly from east to west. When declining toward the horizon, they traversed the great nebul of Sagittarius and the Ship, they appeared of a dark blue. The light of the nebul is never more splendid, than when they are in part covered by sweeping clouds. We observe the same phenomenon in [page] 18

A597.5a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 1.   Text

aculeata is called by the Indians juria of cauvaja; it's leaves ape in the form of a fan, and bent toward the ground; at the centre of every leaf, no doubt from the effect of some disease of the parenchyma, concentric circles of alternate blue and yellow appear, the yellow prevailing toward the middle. We were singularly struck by this appearance; the leaves, coloured like the peacock's tail, are supported by short and very thick trunks. The thorns are not slender and long like those of the corozo and

A597.5a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 1.   Text

rains on the banks of the Rio Negro almost the whole year, with the exception of the months of December and January. Even in the season of drought the blue sky is seldom seen during two or three days in succession. In serene weather the heat appears so much greater, as the rest of the year, although the nocturnal temperature is twenty-one degrees, the inhabitants complain of cold during the night. I repeated the experiments at San Carlos, which I had made at Javita, on the quantity of rain

A597.5b    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 2.   Text

Saint Francis, whether brown, like that of the Capuchins of Carony, or blue, like the habit of the Observantins of the Oroonoko, has still a certain charm for the Indians of those countries. They annex to this habit I know not what ideas of prosperity and comfort, the hope of acquiring hatchets, knives, and implements for fishing. Even those, who, proud of their independance and their separate state, refuse to suffer themselves to be governed by the sound of the bell, receive with pleasure the

A597.6b    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 6, part 2.   Text   Image

groupe by a peculiar denomination; and a chain is generally considered as forming a whole, only when it is discovered from afar bounding the horizon of the plains. We find the names of snowy mountains, repeated in every zone (Himalaya, Imaus), white (Alpes, Alb), black and blue. The greater part of the Sierra Parime is in some sort turned by the Oroonoko. I have, however, avoided a denomination which alludes to this circumstance, because the groupe of mountains I have to make known, extends

A597.6b    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 6, part 2.   Text   Image

is not linked below by layers containing some vestiges of monocotyledon plants. The small thonschiefer bed of Malpasso (in the southern chain of the Cordillera of the shore), is separated from micaslate-gneiss by a co-ordinate formation of serpentine and diorite. It is divided into two shelves, of which the upper presents green steatitous slate, mixed with amphibol; and the lower, dark-blue slate, extremely fissile, and traversed by numerous veins of quartz (Vol. iv, p. 281). I could discover

A597.6b    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 6, part 2.   Text   Image

planet, even where the irruption has taken place by crevices (veins) which cross the gneiss-granite, or transition rocks, not covered by secondary and tertiary formations. The small volcanic soil of Ortiz, (lat. 9 28 9 36 ) forms the antient shore of the vast basin of the Llanos of Venezuela; it is composed on the points where I could examine it, of only two kinds of rocks, namely, of amygdaloide and phonolithe (Vol. iv, p. 281, c.) The greyish blue amygdaloide contains fendilated crystals of

A597.7    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 7.   Text   Image

absolute height. According to this supposition, the summits of the Sierra would command those of the Blue Mountains of Jamaica, and the peaks of la Selle and la Hotte, in the island of Saint Domingo. The Sierra of Tarquino*, fifty miles west of the town of Cuba, belongs to the same groupe as the Copper Mountains. The island is crossed from E.S.E. to W.N.W. by a chain of hills, which approach the southern coast between the meridians of la Ciudad de Puerto Principe, and the Villa Clara; while

A597.7    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 7.   Text   Image

moment that the sun appeared at the horizon, a cold tint of pale-blue, which landscape-painters observe at the same hour in the south of Italy, and on which distant objects detach themselves with remarkable vigor. Our sloop was the only vessel in the gulf; for the road of Batabano is scarcely visited but by smugglers, or, as they here say politely, los tratantes. We have mentioned above, in speaking of the projected canal of Guines , how important Batabano might become for the communications of

A597.7    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 7.   Text   Image

observed in the high latitudes. Since we had quitted la Vibora, the weather was remarkably fine; the surface of the sea, of a blue indigo, sometimes violet, on account of the innumerable quantity of meduses and eggs of fish (purga de mar) which covered it, was * See above, p. 52, note 2. [page] 39

A779    Beagle Library:     Greenough, George Bellas. 1819. A critical examination of the first principles of geology, in a series of essays. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown.   Text   PDF

similar strata, may have been formed at different ras. It is remarked by Patrina, that a zone of copper, lead, and silver ore stretches nearly in the same latitude from England to the eastern extremity of Asia, and thence to North America. In this zone are comprehended the mines of Ireland, England, France, Germany, Hungary, and Transilvania, the Altai, the banks of the Amour, the shores of Kamscatka, and the blue mountains of America. To establish this a Journal de Physique, tom. xxxviii. p. 299

A597.1    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol.s 1 and 2.   Text   Image

at the same period 20 at the priory of Chamouni, and 40 at the top of Mont-Blanc. This last mountain is 540 toises higher than the volcano of Teneriffe; and if, notwithstanding this difference; the sky is seen there of a less deep blue, we must attribute this phenomenon to the dryness of the African air, and the proximity of the torrid zone.We collected air on the brink of the crater, which we meant to analyse on our voyage to America. The phial remained so well corked, that, on opening it ten

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

morning] therm. 18 ; hyg. 51 . At noon, therm. 19 ; hyg. 50 . We never saw the hygrometer lower than 46 (83 Saus.), notwithstanding the elevation of the place; but the rainy season had begun, and at this time the air, though very blue and transparent, was already excessively loaded with vapours. 11 2 Reaum. Cassia acuta, andromeda rigida, casearia hypericifolia, myrtus longifolia, buettneria salicifolia, glycine picta, g. pratensis, g. gibba, oxalis umbrosa, malpighia caripensis, ceph lis salicifolia

A597.3    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 3.   Text

temperature, and of the terrestrial refractions. The 24th of September. Since the 18th, sky constantly cloudy. The weather changes in the night of the 23d. Great transparency, the stars very brilliant, but no twinkling, even at the horizon. The 24th great dryness. Hyg. at 21h morning, 32 Deluc (67 Sauss.). Therm. 21 5 Reaum. Depression of the horizon, the greatest I ever observed. Water of the sea, 22 . The arid soil of the shore, 32 7 . Boracha is entirely in the air. The sky very blue. Cyan. 21. Small

A597.5a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. Into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 5, part 1.   Text

examine at our ease. The Macoes called it camudu*. It's back displayed upon a yellow ground transverse bands, partly black, and partly inclining to a brown-green: under the belly the bands were blue, and united in rhomboid spots. It was a fine animal, not venomous, and which, the natives say, attains more than fifteen feet in length. I thought at first, that the camudu was a boa; but I saw with surprise, that the scales beneath the tail were divided into two rows. It was therefore a viper, coluber

A597.6b    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 6, part 2.   Text   Image

operations of Colonel Lambton, 887 t.; the White Mountains of New Hampshire, in the northern part of the Alleghanies, rise to 1040 t.; but towards the south, a few instances in Virginia, the Peaks of Otter (Blue Ridge), are considered as very lofty; according to Morse, they are 486 t.; according to Tanner, 667. The mean height of the line of elevation of the Alleghanies is nearly 450 t., consequently at least 200 t. less than the mean height of the Jura. The table to which this note refers

A597.7    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 7.   Text   Image

of the island, between Cabo-Cruz, Punta Maysi, and Holguin. This mountainous part, called the Sierra or las Monta as del Cobre, situated north-west of the town of Santiago de Cuba, appears to have 1200 toises* of * Are the Monta as del Cobre visible, as some pilots pretend, from the coast of Jamaica, or, which is more probable, from the northern declivity of the Blue Mountains? In the former case, their height would exceed 1600 toises, supposing a refraction of one-twelfth. It is certain that

A597.6a    Beagle Library:     Humboldt, Alexander von. 1819-1829. Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the New Continent, during the years 1799-1804. By Alexander de Humboldt, and Aimé Bonpland; with maps, plans, &c. written in French by Alexander de Humboldt, and trans. into English by Helen Maria Williams. 7 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. vol. 6, part 1.   Text   Image

written in blue, which neither Stewart, nor his fellow-traveller Davey, a native of Wales, could decypher. (Mercure de France du 5 Nov. 1785.) These are, no doubt, the Welsh books recently mentioned again in the French journals. (Revue encyclop dique, No. 4, p. 162; and article Homme in the Dict. des sciences nat., Vol. xxi, p. 392.) We may observe first, that all these testimonies are extremely vague for the indication of places. The last letter of Mr. Owen, repeated in the journals of Europe (of

A728    Beagle Library:     Luccock, John. 1820. Notes on Rio de Janeiro, and the southern parts of Brazil: taken during a residence of ten years in that country, from 1808 to 1818. London: S. Leigh.   Text

out to meet her on the Bar. So soon as the Boat is observed, the Signals which it makes with a small Red Flag must be carefully noted, and the Vessel luff or bear away according to the direction in which the Flag is waved. She must also declare her Draught of Water in Palms or Eighth Parts of a Fathom, by the following Signals at the Fore-Mast-Head. PALMS OF WATER. FLAG. 10 White. 10 Blue. 11 Red. 11 White. Blue. 12 Blue.White. 12 White.Red. 13 Red.White. 13 Bule. Red. 14 Red. Blue. The Pilot on

A731.01    Beagle Library:     Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 1.   Text

30 28 Apr. 1812 Ditto 70.25 1. 0 W 1.0272 37.5 Ditto 30 9 1814 Ditto 70.33 1.20 E 1.0266 32.0 Ditto 35 3 1810 Sea luminous 70.36 2.40 1.0271 43.0 Greenish bl. 45 17 July 1811 At sea 70.49 7.15 1.0271 36.0 Ultram. blue 33 10 Apr. 1813 Ditto 71.10 5.30 1.0269 39.0 Ditto 41 8 1815 Ditto 71.17 2. 5 W 1.0271 28.5 Ditto 6 11 1814 Among bay ice 71.20 2.30 E 1.0266 29.3 Blue 32 4 1810 Do. in open str. 72.15 7. 5 1.0261 29.0 Greenish 25 18 1814 Near a pack 72.15 10.50 1.0269 41.0 Blue 17 21 1814 30 mil

A731.02    Beagle Library:     Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 2.   Text

. In places where the water was transparent and blue, or greenish blue, it was in vain to look for whales; but, in a certain stream of cloudy water of a deep olive green colour, which extended, with some interruptions, from the latitude of 80 N. in the parallel of 2 or 3 E. to the latitude of 74 in the parallel of 5 to 10 W., all the whales which were seen throughout the season, or at least nine-tenths of them, occurred; and the chief part of those which were caught, were found in the same stream

A809    Beagle Library:     Maximilian, Prince of Wied-Neuwied. 1820. Travels in Brazil in the years 1815, 1816, and 1817. Volume 1. London: Henry Colburn.   Text

where found any confirmation of what Southey says, that it is used as a medicine. The beautiful dark purple chatterer (ampelis atro-purpurea) was frequent in these forests; the beautiful blue kiru or crejo , (ampelis cotinga, Linn.) which is distinguished by its splendid blue plumage among all the birds of Brazil, was less frequent on the Mucuri, as also a new species of parrot*, c. The incomparable plumage of the kirua is employed by the nuns of Bahia, in making their beautiful flowers composed

A731.01    Beagle Library:     Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 1.   Text

brought down with the fresh water from the land, But, in the main ocean, in deep water, the prevailing colour is blue, or greenish blue. It may be observed, that there is a good deal of deception in the colour of the sea, owing to the effect of the sun, and the colour of clouds; and its true tinge can only be observed, with accuracy, by looking downward through a long tube, reaching nearly to its surface, so as to intercept the lateral rays of light, which, by their reflection, produce the

A728    Beagle Library:     Luccock, John. 1820. Notes on Rio de Janeiro, and the southern parts of Brazil: taken during a residence of ten years in that country, from 1808 to 1818. London: S. Leigh.   Text

The Sala has a curious mixture of gorgeous painting with plastered and white-washed walls. The cornice usually consists of fillets of brown, yellow, light blue, red, pink, and other colours, variously arranged; but in whatever order placed, show seems to be the chief object. The ceiling is divided into compartments, and painted in a similar manner. Round the bottom is a broad, brown, or deep red border, being a substitute for a washboard. The doors and door-posts are generally yellow, with red

A728    Beagle Library:     Luccock, John. 1820. Notes on Rio de Janeiro, and the southern parts of Brazil: taken during a residence of ten years in that country, from 1808 to 1818. London: S. Leigh.   Text

wavy, the countenance and limbs longer than those of the preceding class. The complexion of all is a deep brown, and the hair and irides black. These Strangers were clothed chiefly in coarse and strong cotton, of domestic manufacture, fashioned into a shirt with open sleeves, and trowsers which reached a little below the knee, and were fastened round the loins with a girdle. This girdle, like the rest, a fabric of their own country, was also made of cotton dyed blue or red, sometimes of both

A728    Beagle Library:     Luccock, John. 1820. Notes on Rio de Janeiro, and the southern parts of Brazil: taken during a residence of ten years in that country, from 1808 to 1818. London: S. Leigh.   Text

cere. I obtained also a Water-hen, with a blue plumage, inclining to green; its legs were red, but there was no portion of white in the wings, nor a white tuft upon its head, as in those which are found in the Iguapez . The people thought themselves fortunate in killing a very large and fat Coti , and made from it an excellent meal. As we advanced the soil has changed to a clayey Shale on the tops of the hills, and lower down to a good brown mould. In some places we observed masses of feldspar