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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
least we can say that his condition, whatever its physical basis may have been, was exacerbated by anxiety and stress. Darwin had neither the time nor the expertise that would have been necessary for him to deal with all of his collections himself. They had to be turned over to specialists for interpretation. Preliminary publications on birds that were studied by John Gould reflected some of the evidence for evolution. Darwin asked various specialists to describe the materials, and obtained a grant
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
region on February 20, 1835 and therefore was able to document an uplift of several feet. He also drew upon published accounts of a great earthquake in 1822. In a third chapter he discusses the related topic of erosion and deposition of sediment as well as the formation of valleys and salt deposits. The fourth chapter, on the Pampas formations, is of particular interest because it discusses the fossil mammals that helped to convince Darwin that evolution has occurred. The remains of large, extinct
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
his voyage and then prepare his work on evolution for publication. That plan succeeded insofar as he published some short papers on flatworms and one on a little-known pelagic creature, the chaetognath Sagitta. One animal that interested him was an aberrant barnacle that did not fit into the existing schemes of classification. To describe it properly he needed to dissect and compare some other barnacles. One thing led to another, and he wound up revising the classification of the entire subclass
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
test hypotheses. The approach that he used was more in line with what has been called the hypothetico-deductive approach, or as some would say, the argument to the best explanation. The rationale of his one long argument is that evolution by natural selection explains a wide range of phenomena that are otherwise inexplicable in scientific terms. Throughout the work he opposes his hypothesis to special creation, but he also provides reasons for rejecting the views of Lamarck and others. The first
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
form. (The word ecology was coined by Darwin's German follower Ernst Haeckel.) One of the more important points that he makes is that the competition will be most severe between close relatives. Darwin explains natural selection, sexual selection, and evolution in the long term in Chapter IV. Natural selection leads organisms to diversify and to occupy different places in the natural economy. Darwin's notion of a place in the economy of nature is roughly equivalent to that of a niche in the sense
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
. The first edition of Orchids created an immense amount of interest, especially among botanists, and gave rise to a vast literature devoted to the biology of pollination. Those who helped to develop that branch of knowledge included a disproportinate number of those scientists who were exceptions to the rule that Darwin's contemporaries accepted evolution but not natural selection. These included Fritz M ller and his brother Hermann, as well as Joseph Hooker and Asa Gray. The burgeoning
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
turns out not to exist and the theory that he proposed turned out to be far from the mark, the book has largely been neglected and often its merits have been overlooked. The introduction provides a brief summary of Darwin's main ideas about evolution, including his philosophical position with respect to scientific method. Most of the first volume consists of a survey of selected groups of domesticated animals and plants. It is full of Darwin's original observations and material supplied by his
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
that the breed or species would inevitably tend to return to the ancestral state. We now know that in the absence of selection, mutations will accumulate, making evolution, in this case a kind of degeneration, inevitable. [page] 3
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
its authors' advice, to read the introduction first, then go to the back of the book and read the last chapter. Then one might want to read at least some of the parts that are set in larger type. The book is about the evolution of behavior. Plants grow by the expansion of their cells. The growing parts undergo spontaneous circling movements called circumnutation due to uneven expansion of the cells. By evolving an ability to respond to stimuli, plants have become able to grow in a particular
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
. However, the secondary literature is as variable in quality as it is vast in quantity. My first book on Darwin, written when I was a very young scientist, was evoked as a reaction to the secondary literature that fell into my hands. I asked myself why somebody who understands evolution hadn't read all of Darwin and explained what he was up to. This I did, and, although the work has become somewhat dated, the basic point that Darwin was a very philosophical scientist with a unitary way of thinking
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
London MARCH 7 12, Frank Sulloway's date for conversion to evolution MARCH 13, took up residence at Great Marlborough Street MARCH 13 to end of SEPTEMBER, worked on Journal full time MARCH 14, Tuesday, read paper on Rhea to Zoological Society APRIL 11, important meeting at Owen's apartments, with Owen and A. Farre APRIL 19, Owen read paper on Toxodon to Geological Society MAY 3, read paper on extinct Mammalia to Geological Society MAY 10, read paper on Galapagos finches to Zoological Society MAY
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
predecessors APRIL 26, CD T. Davidson, suggesting work on fossil brachiopod evolution MAY 16, finished fowls MAY 16, R.E. Grant CD; dedicates book to Darwin MAY 16, death of G.S. Henslow MAY 23, Henslow's funeral; Darwin was upset and unable to attend MAY 23, CD J.F.W. Herschel; discusses teleology MAY 28, note on fertilization of Leschenaultia published MAY 30, wrote biographical sketch of Henslow MAY 31, finished ducks JUNE, examined rabbits at London zoo JUNE 15, note on fertilization of
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
his paper on man MAY 29, Wallace CD, praising Darwin's originality JUNE 16, paper on Lythrum read to Linnean Society JULY 9, Haeckel CD, expressing admiration and telling of the enthusiasm for Darwinism in Germany JULY 17, John Lubbock visited JULY 24, J.D. Hooker visited AUGUST 10, Haeckel CD on history of evolution AUGUST 18, ca., John Scott visited AUGUST 25 SEPTEMBER 1, visit to Sarah Wedgwood in London AUGUST 28, visited Lyell SEPTEMBER 13, finished paper on climbing plants (later revised
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
21 27, seriously ill with eczema NOVEMBER 15, last revisions of Variation NOVEMBER 26, first CD Anton Dohrn letter, with thanks for, and comments on, Dohrn's Arthropoda paper NOVEMBER 28 DECEMBER 7, stayed with Erasmus Darwin in London, saw Charles Lyell, Philip Lutley Sclater NOVEMBER 30, Anton Dohrn CD on cirripede evolution, with remarks on change in function, and comments on Darwin's homologies for Crustacea DECEMBER, began papers on illegitimate unions, Primula DECEMBER 21, J.D. Hooker
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
AUGUST 15, note on contractile filaments written AUGUST 20 25, trip to Abinger Hall, observed excavation of Roman villa for worm research AUGUST 23, note on contractile filaments published SEPTEMBER 22, Rudolf Virchow address connecting evolution with socialism OCTOBER 26 29, trip to London, stayed with Erasmus Darwin NOVEMBER 16, went to Cambridge NOVEMBER 17, Saturday, awarded honorary L.L.D. NOVEMBER 19, returned NOVEMBER 21, note on Fritz M ller on flowers and orchids written NOVEMBER 24
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
street-dogs by means of sexual selection. By Dr. Van Dyck. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, v. 1882, no. 2, p. 367-369. Darwin, Charles, 1883. Prefatory notice. In Hermann M ller, The Fertilisation of Flowers, English translation revised, pp. vii-x. Darwin, Charles, 1883. A posthumous essay on instinct, In Romanes, J. G., ed., Mental Evolution in Animals. New York: D. Appleton, p. 355-384. Part II. Publications Based on Darwin's Collections Babington, Charles Cardale, 1841
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
+ 56 p. Brown, Frank Burch, 1986. The evolution of Darwin's theism. Journal of the History of Biology, v. 19, p. 1-45. Brown, Kevin L., 1992. On human nature: utilitarianism and Darwin. Social Science Information, v. 31, p. 239-265. Brown, P., 2005. The new Darwinism. Natural History, v. 114, no. 9, p. 6. Browne, Janet, 1978. The Charles Darwin-Joseph Hooker correspondence: an analysis of manuscript sources and their use in biography. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
Clutton-Brock, Timothy H., 1983. Selection in relation to sex, ch. 23 in Bendall, D. S., ed., Evolution from Molecules to Men. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 457-481. Coccia, Paolo, 2003. Un Secolo di Evoluzionismo in Italia. Bibliografia 1859-1959. Con l'Elenco Completo delle Opere di Charles Darwin Pubblicate in Italia. Prato: Partnership, 319 p. Cohen, Alan, 2002. Roland Trimen and the Merope Harem. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, v. 56, p. 205-218. Cohen, I
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
: Princeton University Press, p. 683-729. Cosans, Chris, 2005. Was Darwin a creationist? Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, v. 48, p. 362-371. Coulter, John M., 1909. The theory of natural selection from the standpoint of botany, in Anonymous, ed., Fifty Years of Darwinism: Modern Aspects of Evolution, Centennial Addresses in Honor of Charles Darwin before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Baltimore, Friday, January 1, 1909. New York: Henry Holt and Company, p. 57-71
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A622    Periodical contribution:     Ghiselin, Michael T. 2009. Darwin: A reader's guide. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences (155 [12 February]), 185 pp, 3 figs.   Text   PDF
, 1853-1857. Archives of Natural History, v. 11, p. 395-413. Desmond, Adrian, 1984. Robert E. Grant: the social predicament of a pre-Darwinian evolutionist. Journal of the History of Biology, v. 17, p. 189-223. Desmond, Adrian, 1985. The making of institutional zoology in London, 1822-1836. History of Science, v. 23, p. 153-185, 223-250. Desmond, Adrian, 1989. The Politics of Evolution: Morphology, Medicine, and Reform in Radical London. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, x + 503 p. Desmond
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