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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
the question of the evolution of species. We have seen that, according to Lartet, existing mammals belonging to several orders have larger brains than their ancient tertiary prototypes. It has often been said that no animal uses any tool; but the chimpanzee in a state of nature cracks a native fruit, somewhat like a walnut, with a stone.37 Rengger38 easily taught an American monkey thus to break open hard palm-nuts; and afterwards of its own accord, it used stones to open other kinds of nuts, as
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
from so profound a thinker, but it can hardly be disputed that the social feelings are instinctive or innate in the lower animals; and why should they not be so in man? Mr. Bain (see, for instance, 'The Emotions and the Will,' 1865, p. 481) and others believe that the moral sense is acquired by each individual during his lifetime. On the general theory of evolution this is at least extremely improbable. The ignoring of all transmitted mental qualities will, as it seems to me, be hereafter judged
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
half-art, half-instinct of language still bears the stamp of its gradual evolution. The ennobling belief in God is not universal with man; and the belief in spiritual agencies naturally follows from other mental powers. The moral sense perhaps affords the best and highest distinction between man and the lower animals; but I need say nothing on this head, as I have so lately endeavoured to shew that the social instincts,—the prime principle of man's moral constitution50—with the aid of active
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
again, when we speak of three-score and ten, we are counting by the vigesimal system, each score thus ideally made, standing for 20—for 'one man' as a Mexican or Carib would put it. 34 According to a large and increasing school of philologists, every language bears the marks of its slow and gradual evolution. So it is with the art of writing, for letters are rudiments of pictorial representations. It is hardly possible to read Mr. M'Lennan's work35 and not admit that almost all civilised nations
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
modification in some one character ought not to lead us to separate widely any two organisms. A part which already differs much from the same part in other allied forms has already, according to the theory of evolution, varied much; consequently it would (as long as the organism remained exposed to the same exciting conditions) be liable to further variations of the same kind; and these, if beneficial, would be preserved, and thus be continually augmented. In many cases the continued development
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
objection to the belief that man is descended from some lower form; but this objection will not appear of much weight to those who, from general reasons, believe in the general principle of evolution. Breaks often occur in all parts of the series, some being wide, sharp and defined, others less so in various degrees; as between the orang and its nearest allies—between the Tarsius and the other Lemuridæ—between the elephant, and in a more striking manner between the Ornithorhynchus or Echidna
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
fix on any definite point when the term man ought to be used. But this is a matter of very little importance. So again, it is almost a matter of indifference whether the so-called races of man are thus designated, or are ranked as species or sub-species; but the latter term appears the more appropriate. Finally, we may conclude that when the principle of evolution is generally accepted, as it surely will be before long, the dispute between the monogenists and the polygenists will die a silent
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
appearance of the sulci and gyri in the fœtal human brain is in perfect harmony with the general doctrine of evolution, and with the ———————————— 78 'Ueber die typische Anordnung der Furchen und Windungen auf den Grosshirn-Hemisphären des Menschen und der Affen.' 'Archiv für Anthropologie,' iii., 1868. 79 'Zur Entwickelungs Geschichte der Furchen und Windungen der Grosshirn-Hemisphären im Fœtus des Menschen.' 'Archiv für Anthropologie,' iii., 1868. [page] 20
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
males of which hatch their eggs in their mouths; and those who do not believe in the principle of gradual evolution might ask how could such a habit have originated; but the difficulty is much diminished when we know that there are fishes which thus collect and carry the eggs; for if delayed by any cause in depositing them, the habit of hatching them in their mouths might have been acquired. To return to our more immediate subject. The case stands thus: female fishes, as far as I can learn
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
that such a state of things was formerly possible. Young lions and pumas are marked with feeble stripes or rows of spots, and as many allied species both young and old are similarly marked, no believer in evolution will doubt that the progenitor of the lion and puma was a striped animal, and that the young have retained vestiges of the stripes, like the kittens of black cats, which are not in the least striped when grown up. Many species of deer, which when mature are not spotted, are whilst
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
acquired by man, and as the instinctive power of producing musical notes and rhythms is developed low down in the animal series, it would be altogether opposed to the principle of evolution, if we were to admit that man's musical capacity has been developed from the tones used in impassioned speech. We must suppose that the rhythms and cadences of oratory are derived from previously developed musical powers.39 We can thus understand how it is that music, dancing, song, and poetry are such very
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
are facts which cannot be disputed. They have long been known, but until recently they told us nothing with respect to the origin of man. Now when viewed by the light of our knowledge of the whole organic world, their meaning is unmistakable. The great principle of evolution stands up clear and firm, when these groups or facts are considered in connection with others, such as the mutual affinities of the members of the same group, their geographical distribution in past and present times, and
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
important organs of the body (such as the brain and heart) imperfectly or not at all developed. This animal seems to have been more like the larvæ of the existing marine Ascidians than any other known form. The high standard of our intellectual powers and moral disposition is the greatest difficulty which presents itself, after we have been driven to this conclusion on the origin of man. But every one who admits the principle of evolution, must see that the mental powers of the higher animals
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
, habits of, 291. Anura, 349. Apatania muliebris, male unknown, 254. Apathus, difference of the sexes in, 292. Apatura Iris, 307, 308. Apes, difference of the young, from the adult, 8; semi-erect attitude of some, 52; mastoid processes of, 53; influences of the jaw-muscles on the physiognomy of, 54; female, destitute of large canines, 63; building platforms, 82; imitative faculties of, 129; anthropomorphous, 153; probable speedy extermination of the, 156; Gratiolet on the evolution of, 177; canine
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
. Chimæroid fishes, prehensile organs of male, 331. Chimpanzee, 561; ears of the, 14; representatives of the eyebrows in the, 19; hands of the, 50; absence of mastoid processes in the, 53; platforms built by the, 66; cracking nuts with a stone, 81; direction of the hair on the arms of the, 151; supposed evolution of the, 177; polygamous and social habits of the, 590. China, North, idea of female beauty in, 578. —, Southern, inhabitants of, 197 Chinese, use of flint tools by the, 145; difficulty
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
Mutilla europæa, 293. Gout, sexually transmitted, 237. Graba, on the Pied Ravens of the Feroe Islands, 424; variety of the Guillemot, 424. Gradation of secondary sexual characters in birds, 430. Grallatores, absence of secondary sexual characters in, 219; double moult in some, 390. Grallina, nidification of, 454. Grasshoppers, stridulation of the, 286. Gratiolet, Prof., on the anthropomorphous apes, 154; on the evolution of the anthropomorphous apes, 177; on the difference in the development of the
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
appendage of, 21; hands of the, 50; absence of mastoid processes in the, 53; platforms built by the, 66; alarmed at the sight of a turtle, 72; using a stick as a lever, 81; using missiles, 81; using the leaves of the Pandanus as a night covering, 82; direction of the hair on the arms of the, 151; its aberrant characters, 154; supposed evolution of the, 177; voice of the, 527; monogamous habits of the, 590; male, beard of the, 531. Oranges, treatment of, by monkeys, 50. Orange-tip butterfly, 308
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
; analogy of sexual differences of, with those of man, 558; fighting of males for the females, 562; monogamous habits of, 590; beards of the, 602. Quain, R., on the variation of the muscles in man, 26. Quatrefages, A. de, on the occurrence of a rudimentary tail in man, 22; on variability, 30; on the moral sense as a distinction between man and animals, 97; civilised men stronger than savages, 136; on the fertility of Australian women with white men, 170; on the Paulistas of Brazil, 173; on the evolution
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F955    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1882. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed., fifteenth thousand.   Text   Image   PDF
microcephalous idiots,87 ; on skulls from Brazilian caves, 168; on the evolution of the races of man, 177; on the formation of the skull in women, 557; on the Ainos and negroes, 560; on the increased cranial difference of the sexes in man with race development, 566; on the obliquity of the eye in the Chinese and Japanese, 578. Voice in mammals, 525; in monkeys and man, 558; in man, 566; origin of, in air-breathing vertebrates, 567. Von Baer, definition of advancement in the organic scale, 164
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A2899    Periodical contribution:     Anon. 1882. [Obituary of Charles Darwin]. Sydney Morning Herald (22 April): 3.   Text
symbol of battle than a loadstone of affection; and though the last twenty years have witnessed great changes in public opinion, to this day the name of the founder of the school of evolution is perhaps more widely feared than loved. By the side of the grave now open to receive his last remains the combatants will ground their arms and unite in paying a tribute of respect to one of the keenest, truest, most persevering, courageous, and successful students of nature that have appeared in the
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