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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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with respect to his origin. But when I found that many naturalists fully accepted the doctrine of the evolution of species, it seemed to me advisable to work up such notes as I possessed, and to publish a special treatise on the origin of man. I was the more glad to do so, as it gave me an opportunity of fully discussing sexual selection a subject which had always greatly interested me. This subject, and that of the variation of our domestic productions, together with the causes and laws of
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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In 1880 I published, with [my son] Frank's assistance, our 'Power of Movement in Plants.' This was a tough piece of work. The book bears somewhat the same relation to my little book on 'Climbing Plants,' which 'Cross-Fertilisation' did to the 'Fertilisation of Orchids;' for in accordance with the principle of evolution it was impossible to account for climbing plants having been developed in so many widely different groups unless all kinds of plants possess some slight power of movement of an
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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answered by a member of my father's family, who wrote: Mr. Darwin begs me to say that he receives so many letters, that he cannot answer them all. He considers that the theory of Evolution is quite compatible with the belief in a God; but that you must remember that different persons have different definitions of what they mean by God. This, however, did not satisfy the German youth, who again wrote to my father, and received from him the following reply: I am much engaged, an old man, and out of
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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its publication in this form, he had received payment only in the form of a large number of presentation copies, and he seems to have been glad to sell the copyright of the second edition to Mr. Murray for 150l. The points of difference between it and the first edition are of interest chiefly in connection with the growth of the author's views on evolution, and will be considered later.] C. Darwin to C. Lyell. Down [July, 1845]. MY DEAR LYELL, I send you the first part* of the new edition [of
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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when we can hardly believe necessary, but if it was necessary to one forefather, the result would be as it is. Hence antelopes at Cape of Good Hope; marsupials at Australia. Countries longest separated greatest differences if separated from immersage, possibly two distinct types, but each having its representatives as in Australia. Will this apply to whole organic kingdom when our planet first cooled? The two following extracts show that he applied the theory of evolution to the whole organic
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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the first to whom he communicated his then new ideas on the subject, and which being of interest as a contribution to the history of Evolution, I here copy from his letter : ] C. Darwin to J. D. Hooker. [January 11th, 1844.] Besides a general interest about the southern lands, I have been now ever since my return engaged in a very presumptuous work, and I know no one individual who would not say a very foolish one. I was so struck with the distribution of the Galapagos organisms, c. c., and
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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perceive how much the domestic animals have been neglected in out of the way countries. The Revillagigedo Island off Mexico, I believe, has never been trodden by foot of naturalist. If the expedition sticks to such places as Rio, Cape of Good Hope, Ceylon and Australia, c., it will not do much. Ever yours most truly, C. DARWIN. [The following passage occurs in a letter to Mr. Fox, February 22, 1857, and has reference to the book on Evolution on which he was still at work: I am got most deeply
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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counterblast to Wollaston's conservatism. With regard to Hooker, he was already, like Voltaire's Habakkuk, capable de tout in the way of advocating Evolution. As I have already said, I imagine that most of those of my contemporaries who thought seriously about the matter, were very much in my own state of mind inclined to say to both Mosaists and Evolutionists, a plague on both your * 'Life and Letters,' vol. ii. p. 212. [page] 19
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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few first-rate men are not afraid of expressing their opinion. ] C. Darwin to J. D. Hooker. [July 1860.] . I have just read the 'Quarterly.'* It is uncommonly clever; it picks out with skill all the most conjectural * 'Quarterly Review,' July 1860. The article in question was by Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford, and was afterwards published in his Essays Contributed to the 'Quarterly Review,' 1874. The passage from the 'Anti-Jacobin' gives the history of the evolution of space from the prim val
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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CHAPTER VIII. THE SPREAD OF EVOLUTION. 1861 1862. [THE beginning of the year 1861 saw my father with the third chapter of 'The Variation of Animals and Plants' still on his hands. It had been begun in the previous August, and was not finished until March 1861. He was, however, for part of this time (I believe during December 1860 and January 1861) engaged in a new edition (3000 copies) of the 'Origin,' which was largely corrected and added to, and was published in April 1861. With regard to
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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pamphlet found many admirers among those most capable of judging of its merits, and my father believed that it was of much value in lessening opposition, and making converts to Evolution. His * Lyell, 'Antiquity of Man,' first edition, p. 428. [page] 37
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F1452.2
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 2. London: John Murray.
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of 1862 deal with the Orchid work, but the wave of conversion to Evolution was still spreading, and reviews and letters bearing on the subject still came in numbers. As an example of the odd letters he received may be mentioned one which arrived in January of this year from a German hom opathic doctor, an ardent admirer of the 'Origin.' Had himself published nearly the same sort of book, but goes much deeper. Explains the origin of plants and animals on the principles of hom opathy or by the law
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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address to the Linnean Society (May 25, 1863). Mr. Bentham does not yield to the new theory of Evolution, cannot surrender at discretion so long as many important outworks remain contestable. But he shows that the great body of scientific opinion is flowing in the direction of belief. The mention of Pasteur by Mr. Bentham is in reference to the promulgation as it were ex cathedr , of a theory of spontaneous generation by the reviewer of Dr. Carpenter in the Athen um (March 28, 1863). Mr
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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with great interest many of your papers on fossil lants, you may believe with what high satisfaction I hear that you are a believer in the gradual evolution of species. I had supposed that my book on the 'Origin of Species' had made very little impression in France, and therefore it delights me to hear a different statement from you. All the great authorities of the Institute seem firmly resolved to believe in the immutability of species, and this has always astonished me. . . . Almost the one
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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naturalists must admit that species are the modified descendants of other species; and this especially holds good with the younger and rising naturalists. . . . Of the older and honoured chiefs in natural science, many, unfortunately, are still opposed to Evolution in every form. In Mr. James Hague's pleasantly written article, A Reminiscence of Mr. Darwin ('Harper's Magazine,' October 1884), * 'Contemporary Review,' 1871. [page] 13
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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expressed myself. But undoubtedly this was the general belief when the first edition of the present work appeared. . . Now things are wholly changed, and almost every naturalist admits the great principle of evolution. A small correction introduced into this sixth edition is connected with one of his minor papers. Note on the habits of the Pampas Woodpecker. * The paper in question was a reply to Mr. Hudson's remarks on the woodpecker in a previous number of the same journal. The last sentence of
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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case of reversion. No one who believes in Evolution will doubt that the Phoc are descended from some terrestrial Carnivore. Yet no one would expectto meet with any such reversion in them. The lesser divergence of character in the races of man in comparison with the species of Simiad may perhaps be accounted for by man having spread over the world at a much later period than did the Simiad . I am fully prepared to admit the high antiquity of man; but then we have evidence, in the Dryopithecus
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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The following refers inter alia to a letter which appeared in 'Nature' (Sept. 25, 1873), On the Males and Complemental Males of certain Cirripedes, and on Rudimentary Organs: ] C. Darwin to E. Haeckel. Down, September 25, 1873. MY DEAR H CKEL, I thank you for the present of your book,* and I am heartily glad to see its great success. You will do a wonderful amount of good in spreading the doctrine of Evolution, supporting it as you do by so many original observations. I have read the new
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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myself, I have always felt some doubt on this head. I trust that you may soon bring many of your countrymen to believe in Evolution, and my name will then perhaps cease to be scorned. With the most sincere respect, I remain, dear Sir, Yours faithfully, CH. DARWIN. C. Darwin to Asa Gray. Down, June 5 [1874]. MY DEAR GRAY, I have now read your article* in 'Nature,' and the last two paragraphs were not included in the slip sent before. I wrote yesterday and cannot remember exactly what I said
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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it appears to me, is that any link whatever should be found between the main divisions of the Animal Kingdom. . . . C. Darwin to August Weismann. Down, December 6, 1875. MY DEAR SIR, I have been profoundly interested by your essay on Amblystoma,* and think that you have removed a great stumbling-block in the way of Evolution. I once thought of reversion in this case; but in a crude and imperfect manner. I write now to call your attention to the sterility of moths when hatched out of their proper
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