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F1321
Book contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1887. Preliminary notice. In Krause, E., The life of Erasmus Darwin . . . being an introduction to an essay on his scientific work. London: John Murray. 2d ed.
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evolution of our knowledge on this subject was not large, but it seems that he was on the verge of showing that his mucilaginous diabetes was what is now known as albuminuria. The epitaph in Breadsall Church is given at p. 127. A similar inscription has been recently placed in Lichfield Cathedral. ERASMUS DARWIN, M.D., F.R.S. Physician, Philosopher, and Poet, Author of the 'Zoonomia,' ' Botanic Garden,' and other works. A skilful observer of Nature, Vivid in imagination, indefatigable in
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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letters we only get occasional hints of the growth of my father's views, and we may suppose ourselves to be looking at his life, as it might have been looked at by those who had no knowledge of the quiet development of his theory of evolution during this period. On Sept. 14, 1842, my father left London with his family and settled at Down.* In the Autobiographical chapter, his motives for taking this step in the country are briefly given. He speaks of the attendance at scientific societies, and
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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LIFE AND LETTERS OF CHARLES DARWIN. CHAPTER I. THE SPREAD OF EVOLUTION. 'VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS.' 1863 1866. HIS book on animals and plants under domestication was my father's chief employment in the year 1863. His diary records the length of time spent over the composition of its chapters, and shows the rate at which he arranged and wrote out for printing the observations and deductions of several years. The three chapters in vol. ii. on inheritance, which occupy 84 pages of print
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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. Essay of 1844, ii. 35. 'Essays and Reviews,' R. Chambers on the, ii. 363. Eucalypti, bloom common on the, iii. 341. Euphorbia peplus, action of ammonia on the contents of the cells of the roots of, iii. 347. Europe, mountains of, ii. 75. European opinions of Darwin's work, Dr. Falconer on, ii. 375. Eustachian tube, iii. 141. Evaporation, bloom sometimes a check to, iii. 341. Everglades of Virginia, black pigs in the, ii. 300. Evolution, progress of the theory of, iii. 2, 16; revival of the
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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KIRBY. the progress of the theory of Evolution, iii. 2. Kirby, Rev. William, on breeding cats, ii. 348. Koch's researches on splenic fever, iii. 234. K lliker's 'Ueber die Darwin'sche Sch pfungstheorie,' answered by T. H. Huxley, iii. 29. K lreuter on sexuality in plants, iii. 257. Kossuth, character of, ii. 113. Krause, Ernst, 'Life of Erasmus Darwin,' i. 97; on H ckel's services to the cause of Evolution in Germany, iii. 67, 68; on the work of Dr. Erasmus Darwin, iii. 218. Krohn, Prof. Aug
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F1452.3
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 3. London: John Murray.
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. Sand-wasps, instincts of, iii. 244, 245. Sandwich Islands, Labiat of the, ii. 24. San Salvador, letter to R. W. Darwin from, i. 226. Saporta, Marquis de, his opinion in 1863, iii. 17. , letters to, iii. 188; on the progress of evolution in France, iii. 103; on the origin of man, iii. 162; on fertilisation, iii. 284. , on the impulse given to the development of the higher plants, by the development of flower-frequenting insects, iii. 248. Saturday Review, article in the, ii. 311; article in reply
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1837-42; drew up a sketch, 1842; enlarged it in 1844; previous speculations on the subject; views of Erasmus Darwin, Geoffroy St. Hilaire, and Lamarck; Darwin's opinion of Lamarck; influence of Lyell; influence of South American experience; reads Malthus on Population; Vestiges of Creation ; Mr. Herbert Spencer and evolution; Lyell's letters; Sir Joseph Hooker on species; Mr. A. R. Wallace communicates his views to Darwin; Lyell and Hooker persuade Darwin to publish his views together with
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enlarged in 1844 into a sketch of the conclusions, which then seemed to me probable: from that period to the present day I have steadily pursued the same object. I hope that I may be excused for entering on these personal details, as I give them to show that I have not been hasty in coming to a decision. We learn also, independently, from the Expression of the Emotions (p. 19), that Darwin as early as 1838 was inclined to believe in the principle of evolution, or the derivation of species from other
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struggle and pain, producing starvation and extinction merely, struggle and pain were seen as the conditions of development and improvement; the death of the lower, the life of the higher. It is less profitable here to attempt to sketch the history of ideas of evolution in general, because that history as now revealed by research, and as detailed by many writers, was not the path along which Darwin travelled. Indeed, many of these ideas were not disinterred, and certainly were not brought to
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opinion on the subject, from Lamarck's time, was prefixed to the book. It was further enlarged in subsequent editions, as evidences accumulated that various thinkers had independently adopted the evolution theory, or the more special one of natural selection. Notable instances of anticipation were those of Dr. Wells, who, in a paper read before the Royal Society in 1813, but not published till 1818, had expressed the opinion that all animals tend to vary; that agriculturists improve breeds by
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had been calumniated for views he did hold. But in his own lifetime nay, within fifteen years he witnessed a sufficiently satisfying revolution. I formerly spoke to very many naturalists on the subject of evolution, and never [page] 9
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of evolution, lie hidden in every organic being. The fertilised germ of one of the higher animals, subjected as it is to so vast a series of changes from the germinal cell to old age incessantly agitated by what Quatrefages well calls the tourbillon vital is perhaps the most wonderful object in nature. It is probable that hardly a change of any kind affects either parent, without some mark being left on the germ. But on the doctrine of reversion the germ becomes a far more marvellous object
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were not perfect or perfectly useful. The working out of the evolution theory as applied to animal minds, the study of the first beginnings of nerve action, and the analysis of instinct, all due largely to Darwin's prominent disciple, Romanes, together with the immensely fuller knowledge of molecular physics, of protoplasm, and of brain function, acquired in the years since Darwin wrote, have sufficed to place these questions on a much more secure basis. But the collection of facts made by him
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But with the less civilised nations reason, often errs, and many bad customs and base superstitions come within the same scope, and consequently are esteemed as high virtues and their breach as heavy crimes. The belief in God, the author says, is not innate or intuitive in man, but only arises after long culture. As to the bearing of the evolution theory on the immortality of the soul, Darwin thinks few people will find cause for anxiety in the impossibility of determining at what period in
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Earthworms, Darwin on, 150-152 Edinburgh Review, on Descent on Man, 124; on Erasmus Darwin, 12, 13; on Origin of Species, 94 Edinburgh University, 21-24 Ehrenberg, 31 Entomology, 25, 141-3 Evolution, History of, in Darwin's mind, 39, 40-2, 46, 47, 50, 64-78, 112 Expression of Emotions, 126-135 F. Falkland Islands, 43, 60 Fertilisation, Cross and Self-, in the Vegetable Kingdom, 141-3 Fertilisation of Orchids, 103-106 Fitzroy, Capt., 27, 29, 31, 48, 49 Forms of Flowers, 143 Fuegians, 42, 43
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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College, he did nothing more in science, a fact which has always been inexplicable to me. I knew him well; he was dry and formal in manner, with much enthusiasm beneath this outer crust. He one day, when we were walking together, burst forth in high admiration of Lamarck and his views on evolution. I listened in silent astonishment, and as far as I can judge without any effect on my mind. I had previously read the 'Zoonomia' of my grandfather, in which similar views are maintained, but without
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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with respect to his origin. But when I found that many naturalists fully accepted the doctrine of the evolution of species, it seemed to me advisable to work up such notes as I possessed, and to publish a special treatise on the origin of man. I was the more glad to do so, as it gave me an opportunity of fully discussing sexual selection a subject which had always greatly interested me. This subject, and that of the variation of our domestic productions, together with the causes and laws of
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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In 1880 I published, with [my son] Frank's assistance, our 'Power of Movement in Plants.' This was a tough piece of work. The book bears somewhat the same relation to my little book on 'Climbing Plants,' which 'Cross-Fertilisation' did to the 'Fertilisation of Orchids;' for in accordance with the principle of evolution it was impossible to account for climbing plants having been developed in so many widely different groups unless all kinds of plants possess some slight power of movement of an
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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answered by a member of my father's family, who wrote: Mr. Darwin begs me to say that he receives so many letters, that he cannot answer them all. He considers that the theory of Evolution is quite compatible with the belief in a God; but that you must remember that different persons have different definitions of what they mean by God. This, however, did not satisfy the German youth, who again wrote to my father, and received from him the following reply: I am much engaged, an old man, and out of
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F1452.1
Book:
Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.
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its publication in this form, he had received payment only in the form of a large number of presentation copies, and he seems to have been glad to sell the copyright of the second edition to Mr. Murray for 150l. The points of difference between it and the first edition are of interest chiefly in connection with the growth of the author's views on evolution, and will be considered later.] C. Darwin to C. Lyell. Down [July, 1845]. MY DEAR LYELL, I send you the first part* of the new edition [of
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