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Captain to have dinner ready for him on his arrival at Bahia; as it turned out the case was reversed; such is the advantage of a good knowledge of the winds [page] 173 Rio de Janeir
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recognised at a great distance by its most singular form. Like the generality of the hills, it is a precipitous rounded cone, but on the summit is a flat angular mass, whence it takes the name of table or topsail mountain. [page] 175 Rio de Janeir
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path to ascend the Gavia; this steep hill subtends to the coast at an angle of 42°. We returned home; at our furthest point we had a good view [page] 176 Rio de Janeir
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. I wish the Brazilians, as they advance in age, could keep the pleasant engaging manners which they possess in youth. My companions left me I proceeded on my scramble into the interior of [page] 177 Rio de Janeir
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indulged. They assuredly thought me a greater curiosity than anything their woods contained. 12th Worked in the morning at yesterdays produce, a forest is a gold mine to a Naturalist yesterdays a very rich one. At one [page] 178 Rio de Janeir
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Theresa the Signoritas can speak nothing but Spanish; very pretty, their motions most exceeding graceful; Theresa, the least about 8 years old, could not help dancing when she heard music, with a rose in each hand as her partner, danced most exquisitely. [page] 179 Rio de Janeir
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been busily employed with various animals; chiefly however corallines: my walks in consequence have not been extended far from the house. 23d Again I went to the forest, which so often has been proved so fruitful in all kinds of animals. It is in all probability the last time I shall ever wander in a [page] 181 Rio de Janeir
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hospitality I am indebted for so many delightful walks. Before going he showed me his garden. where to an European eye there was a singular union of plants. [page] 182 Rio de Janeir
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acting. 25th In the evening took a farewell stroll to the Lagoa, saw for the last time its waters stained purple by the last rays of twilight. [page] 183 Rio de Janeir
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be more wearisome than shopping here. From the length of time the Brazilians detain you the unreasonable price they at first ask, it is clear that they think both these precious things are equally valueless to an Englishman. [page] 185 Rio de Janeir
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introduced to two officers who were fond of Nat: History: I was surprised to find in one of their cabins an aviary of Cape-birds plants in frames. I dined in the Ward-room had a very agreeable party. Coming from a ten-gun Brig into such comforts luxuries, makes one a little envious. So many corners unoccupied, appeared to my eyes. as great a waste [page] 186 Rio de Janeir
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is quite fearful to hear what enormous crimes are daily committed go unpunished. If a slave murders his master, after being confined for some-time he then becomes a government one. However great the charge [page] 187 Rio de Janeir
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shoulders. The Monks differ for the worse in this latter respect; it requires little physiognomy to see plainly stamped persevering cunning, sensuality pride. One old man I always stop to look at, the only thing I ever saw like it, is Scoens Judas Iscariot. [Pencil note in margin:] Who All that I have said about the countenances [page] 188 Rio de Janeir
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contrasted with the Brazilians) proving they are in a congenial climate, from clearly seeing their intellects have been much underrated. they are the efficient workmen in all the necessary trades. If the free blacks increase in numbers (as they must) become discontented at not being equal to white men, the epoch of the general liberation would not be far distant. [page] 189 Rio de Janeir
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dash away right ahead. Thus showing off to us their great strength activity. Several flying-fish were skimming over the water; considering time of year Latitude 31° .. 37' S: Long 49°., 22' W, I was surprised to see them. [page] 194 Rio de Janeiro to M Vide
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went below to report to Mr Wickham that he heard cattle lowing on shore. Sunday 22nd We have had this morning a true specimen of the Plata weather. The lightning was most vivid, accompanied by heavy rain gusts of wind. The day has been exceedingly [page] 195 Rio de Janeiro to M Vide
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they managed to stumble on amongst the stones. As far as regards the inhabitants, they are a much finer set than at Rio de Janeiro. Many of the men have handsome expressive faces athletic figures; either of which it is very rare to meet with amongst the Portugeese. I believe in about a weeks time we [page] 202 Buenos Ayre
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of Europe. — He has already travelled in Agypt having a strong wish to see Tropical scenery came to Rio de Janeiro. And as he says, one walk amidst the glories of Brazil well repays the trouble of crossing the Atlantic. — Colonel Vernon is now going to undertake a most laborious journey, namely to cross the Pampas to Lima, from whence to Mexico so home. — 8th In the evening went to the Theatre; I did not understand one word; yet, which I should think was different from other languages, it
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to bully them, finally to see the vessel on her way to Rio de Janeiro. — Having thus removed two of the worst prisoners, there are little fears for Mr Smith's safety. — Two Gauchos yet remain free, they are to be trusted: with their assistance sufficient wild cattle can be caught for the subsistence of the Colony. — Perhaps this may be the first start in that prosperity which these islands must ultimately obtain. — 13th Dropped our anchor within the mouth of the river of Santa Cruz: our passage
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F1840
Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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primitive but abundant pelagic coelenterate which had been described by Quoy Gaimard as Dianœa exigua in 1827. 3 It was a calm day! See Beagle Diary p. 82. 4 There was some confusion in the labelling of the drawings in Plate 4. The relevant Figs. for Dianœa are 2, 3, (3), 4 and 5. Plate 5, Figs. 1-4 [CD P. 70 commences] Biphora1allied to Plate 5: Body transparent, spherical, incurved at the poles. Length about .4. Fig 1: represents it as seen under microscope, from extreme [page] 64 RIO DE
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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251 R Lizard [Ecphymotis torquatus (163) TB] 252 XX Bottle of Arachnid [notes opposite] contains 243: 258. V 49(a b c) 253 C Marine crustace 254 C Fresh W Do 255 Orthopterous insects 256 Vaginulus n, 2 specimens V 44-45257 S Land shell, with animal V 44 Copy 258 X Dolimeda; living on the large stones in the middle of [cont. opposite] very rapid brooks, where it may be seen standing motionless, with its legs fully stretched out; in spider bottle (252) 1832 June Rio de Janeiro 259 R X :260. Rana
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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beautifully coloured. |61| 1 See Jean Théodore Lacordaire. Mémoire sur les habitudes des coléoptères de l'Amérique méridionale. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 20 (1830): 185-291; 21 (1830): 149-94. In Beagle Library. 2 See Insect Notes pp. 49-59 for a full account of the insects collected by CD in Rio during April, May and June of 1832. 3 Ground beetles of the family Carabidae. [page] 54 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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family Araneidae, Argiope sp. Epeira is no longer a valid genus. See Cuvier Vol. 4, p. 247. 3 Tangle-web weaver, family Theridiidae, Theridion sp. See Cuvier Vol. 4, p. 243. 4 For CD's account of the invasion of the Beagle by gossamer spiders when sailing from Buenos Aires to Monte Video, see pp. 106-8. 5 Ant-mimicking spider of family Corinnidae, Myrmecium rufum Latreille. According to Cuvier Vol. 4, p. 261 'La Myrmécie fauve . . . se trouve aux environs de Rio-Janeiro'. See also Dic. Class
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Cyclostoma, roots of trees on the wooded hills. 224 P Cryptogamous plants; when shaken let fall fine yellow powder. growing on rough bark of Palm. 225 Fungus scarlet red on turf 226 C F Water crab 227 R Hyla. Palm tree [listed by TB as Hyla Vauterii in Zoology 5:45-6] 228 F Fish. same (195) F Water [same as 195, LJ] * 229 Parmacella. same as (198) 1832 May Rio de Janeiro 230 Acarus from Phalangium 231 X Spider Saltigrade [note opposite] in the tube numbered if it is not Tessacrisso [?] new genus: 6
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Amphipod Heteropodes V 90: Cyclops: 362 C X Crustacea (pelagic) taken between Rio de Janeiro Monte Video. [note opposite] The lower Amphipode taken from anchor, Rio de Janeiro harbor: upper (in tube) coloured purple. 363 X Loligo V 90 [note opposite] Abundant Baia Blanca 364 Pelagia V 91365 Mollusc: Tunicata, different from (360) V 91366 C Crustace : Schizopodes V 96: Amphipode, Heterom same as (361) Macrourus (new genus) V 97: 1832 Septemb: 367 F X Fish. Lat 39° Long 61 W [note opposite] Body
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Book:
Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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large green caterpillar, watched it to the cell (537): Where with its mandibles by degrees it forced the caterpillar inside. The rim of the cell is broken: This is the same as (368) found at Bahia 538 I Orthopterous with Acari 550 I Leiodes from Hymenophallus V 43 (a) 551 I Beetle from the dense forest 1832 June. Rio de Janeiro 552 I Cicindela. from the forest. 553 I Forficula. from do. (forceps curious) 554 I : 555: Gyrini, rapid brook in the forest; emit an odour like G. natator. 564 I Larva of
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Crickets. Sunday 20th Mr Derbyshire, who after leaving the Beagle has remained in the city, paid us a visit. In the evening, Earl (who is nearly well) we two walked round the Botofogo bay. 21st Took a long scramble through the woods; the bottom is so thickly strewed over with dry sticks leaves, that in walking one makes as much noise as a large quadruped would. [page] 160 Rio de Janeir
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straight line of sandy beach was surmounted by a sloping bank of green turf. On this viewed through a glass were large herds of cattle feeding. Not a tree broke the continuity of outline: I only observed one hut, near to which was the Corral or enclosure of stakes, so frequently mentioned by all travellers in the Pampas. I am afraid we shall not even tomorrow reach M. Video. [page] 196 Rio de Janeiro to M: Vide
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; Covington, fiddler boy to Poop-cabin; Billet, gunroom-boy; Royal Marines, Beareley, sergeant; William, Jones, Burgess, Bute, Doyle, Martin, Middleton, Prior (midshipmen steward); Boatswain, Mr Sorrell; Carpenter, Mr May. [page] 197 Rio de Janeiro to M: Vide
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ever saw; it quite beats the famous Sugar-loaf at the entrance of Rio de Janeiro harbor. 22nd On the Monday I succeeded in reaching the summit (1600 ft. high); it was a laborious undertaking; the ascent being so steep as to resemble make it necessary to use the trees like a ladder. Great thickets of Fushza. In these wild countries it gives much delight to reach the summit of any high hill; there is an indefinite expectation of seeing meeting something very strange, which however often it is
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Scaphidites7 2 | Altica14 9 Nitidularus8 7 | Phalacrus15 Agathidicus 6 Byrrhid 9 4 | Cocanella16 Poclaphs 2 27 68 [page] 55 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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, (considering how well adapted the country appears for them) are wonderfully uncommon. Diptera These became tolerably abundant during the time there was any rain. but with the exception of Culicid 11 some few Musc 12 at other times they are not abundant. These observations were made during the months of May June; part of [page] 56 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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| expanded into a funnel shaped cup. in this case the pair of vermiform tubes are more easily seen. In Fig: (2) on the convex surface there may be seen a faint cross of fibres: [page] 62 RIO DE JANEIRO TO M. VIDEO JULY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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illuminated by this beautiful insect; the light was green more intense than the Elater noctelucis: it was visible at more than 200 yards. [note (a)] 440, 441 not spirits [note (b)] It is remarkable how commonly that the light from animals is green. Four Lampyruis, Elater Noctelucis; Marine crustace other marine animals all partake of this tint. [note (d)] Great numbers of this insect fall a prey to Epeirus [notes end] [page] 41 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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dry up, bury themselves in the mud thus like the Crocodiles mentioned by Humboldt undergo a sort [of] Hybernation or more properly Aestivation. When the rain first fell I was astonished could not explain the numbers which appeared of full size in every ditch little pool[s] which had previously been dry. [note (c) added later] June 1833. Maldonado. I accidentally kept an Ampullaria in a room for more than a month, at the end of which time there [page] 58 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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with some scattered Cumili driven [page] 61 RIO DE JANEIRO TO M. VIDEO JULY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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, 345, 395, 396, 401, 404 Port San Antonio 135 Porter, Duncan xxxiii, 34, 317 19 Portillo Pass 286 Porto Praya 321, 322, 368, 371 Priestley, Joseph xxvii Punta Alta 319, 334, 343 Quail Island 8 9, 12, 19, 21, 321 3, 370 2 Rang, Sander xi, xxxiv, 21, 24, 30, 209 10, 321, 370 Renous, Herr 248, 400 Rio Chupat 171 Rio Colorado 102, 161, 393 Rio Gallegos 182 Rio de Janeiro xviii-ix, xxii-iii, 65, 68, 327 30, 332, 374 8 Rio Maca 40, 325, 327, 374 Rio Plata xix, 109, 175, 185, 330, 335, 391, 394 Rio
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Zoology 5. [CD P. 36 continues] Aplysia1207 May 6th. Animal with lateral crests unequal; right side nearly orbicular. very large. measured internally to the back 2 3/4 inches wide. left, posteriorly obliquely cut or slanted off only 1 3/4 wide; the anterior basal parts of right one very thick fleshy. crests extend nearly length of whole body. as the animal was dying when I found it, I am not sure of its shape foot broard, length when contracted 4 ½ inches, I have [page] 37 RIO DE JANEIRO MAY
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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[page] 40 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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they could easily pass through the orifice of cell. With 1/20 focal lens could perceive no particular organization in these ova. I examined opened several of the paps. [note ends] [CD P. 58 commences] [page] 52 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Sphecidae. [page] 57 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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plants, [page] 59 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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3.75 fell. On May 17 it rained very heavily, between 9 AM 3 PM 1.60. out of which 1.06 fell in three hours. During 6 minutes 0.38. |67| 1 See CD's Diary of observations on the geology of the places visited during the voyage. Part I. CUL DAR32.1. [page] 60 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL: MAY: JUNE 183
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Pamphlet:
Darwin, C. R. 1971. A letter of Charles Darwin about preparations for the voyage of the Beagle, 1831. [Philadelphia]: Friends of the Library, American Philosophical Society. Stinehour Press and the Meriden Gravure Company.
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plenty of fighting with those d— Cannibals: It would be something to shoot the King of the Cannibals Islands. — Our route is Madeira, Canary Islands Rio de Janeiro. 18 months all about S America, chiefly Southern extremity. — South Sea Islands (some new [?] course) Australia India home. — I shall see a great number of places, as they take out 20 Chronometers to ascertain Longitude. — Cap Fitzroy is very scientific seems inclined to assist me to the utmost extent in my line. I go on Sunday to
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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the animal. Is it by a slight contraction after the formation of [page] 36 RIO DE JANEIRO APRIL 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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: Cheliceres powerful with large aperture for poison. Abdomen encrusted with 5 conical peaks: Thorax with one small one: Crotchets to Tarsi, very strong ( with 2 small corresponding ones beneath?) Colour snow white, except tarsi half of leg bright yellow. also tops of abdominal points line of eyes black. It must [page] 38 RIO DE JANEIRO MAY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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making small circuits |40| (like a dog) rapidly vibrating its wings antenn : It was a most curious spectacle: the Spider had yet some life, the Hymenop was most cautious to keep clear of the jaws; at last being stung twice more on under side of the thorax it became motionless. The hymenop. apparently ascertained this by repeatedly putting its head close to the spider, then dragged away the heavy Lycosa with its mandibles. I then took them [page] 39 RIO DE JANEIRO MAY 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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exuded from the terminal cup; this appears to act in both softening the mouth the flesh. The fluid neither affected Litmus or Turmeric: but like the gastric juice, the action of which Chemistry can so little explain2, it doubtless aids digestion. The tail was always guided to the mouth by first touching the neck. These larv are in considerable number. does not the fact of their being luminous render [page] 42 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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. When placed in fresh water emitted a strong odour stained the water with a brownish yellow tint. The animal had a most graceful appearance. Nudibranch4(allied to Scyll a? Branchi dorsal (resembling Doris). each arm conical with simple short cirrhi; 6 in number, 4 anterior longest; between posterior ones there is circular anal orifice. foot narrow, doubled into a groove incapable of [page] 44 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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Keynes, Richard Darwin ed. 2000. Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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triangular, filières pointed inferiorly at rt angles to the body. Machoires enlarged into rounded at extremity, languette rounded. 1st pair of legs much longest. 2d pair next. Eyes like Epeira, but anterior lateral on eminence. Claw of cheliceres, small but little oblique, internal edge finely serrated. This curious little spider inhabits with [page] 45 RIO DE JANEIRO JUNE 183
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