A761.10    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 10: Pisces.   Text

, and in the pools of water which remain after the inundation. It feeds on aquatic plants and worms. Its flesh is delicate, and of an agreeable flavour, and it is considered as the best fish in the Nile. Of SCARUS, the creticus, erroneously referred by Lac p de and others, to the genus Cheilinus, which is of the Eastern Seas, inhabits the Mediterranean, and particularly appears near the coasts of Sicily and Greece. Accordingly it was known by the first Greek naturalists. Aristotle, Athen us, Elian

A761.10    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 10: Pisces.   Text

has been proved by the experiments of Hanov and Pennant. Its food consists principally of marine worms and small fish; but as it is heavy, and possessed of but few means of defence, it easily becomes the prey of seals, squali, and other voracious inhabitants of the water. Its flesh is mucous, soft, and far from agreeable. It is eaten, however, in some northern countries, in the seas of which this fish is more especially to be found. In Ireland it is even salted, and dried for preservation during

A761.10    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 10: Pisces.   Text

fifteen inches; individuals have been seen of five or six feet in length. The head is full of little holes, or very perceptible pores, which are the orifices of vessels intended to shed over its surface a viscous humour. Smaller, but analogous apertures are very numerously spread over the body and tail, and secrete this gluey matter in such abundance, that when these electric eels are preserved (as is done at Surinam) in broad troughs, where they are fed with worms and small fish, it is necessary to

A761.10    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 10: Pisces.   Text

. They seem, however, to feed most on worms, and to disturb the muddy bottoms of rivers, in which they delight, something in the manner of hogs with their snout, in search of the small animals which abound there. Gesner thinks, that it is to this habit they owe their name, for the Germans call them St r, and the verb st ren signifies to dig the mud. There is a popular notion in Germany, that they live on air alone, attributable perhaps to the smallness of their mouth, and a German proverb compares

A761.10    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 10: Pisces.   Text

cephalopterus. The second family of the chondropterygian fish with fixed gills, the Sucking-fish or Lampreys, are primarily remarkable for the disposition of the genera, if the term may be used, to depart from the ordinary types of their class, and approach that of the worms. At the first sight, these fish resemble eels in the elongated and rounded shape of the body, which, however, appears almost truncated at the head, in consequence of the singular [page] 65

A761.11    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 11: Fossil remains.   Text

these worms were fully authenticated by zoologists; for, with the assistance of fancy, or preconceived theory, foreign bodies might very easily be taken for them, though, certainly, there would be nothing very extraordinary in the fact of their existence. The entire system of M. Patrin is briefly this: He thinks that petrifaction is a genuine transmutation of the parts themselves of the organized body into siliceous matter: so that a body was by so much the less susceptible of petrifaction, in

A761.12    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 12: Mollusca and Radiata.   Text

not only the different parts of its body, but that when the latter is cut in pieces, each piece can become a perfect animal. He even succeeded in causing six or seven heads to sprout from a single body, by dividing the latter longitudinally into so many strips. Bonnet, desirous of repeating the experiments of Trembley, and not being able to procure any of these green hydr , tried whether some fresh-water worms, a species of na s, could not [page] 34

A761.12    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 12: Mollusca and Radiata.   Text

membranaceous part. He has also observed that the pholades in their cavity are bathed in a sort of black slime, tolerably abundant, which even penetrates some distance into the substance of the stone, when the latter is somewhat soft. He has made the same observation on the other lithophagous mollusca, and even on certain worms which also lodge in stones. This black slime appears to be the result of the corrosive humour of the animal mingled with the earthy matter of the stone. M. Fleurian having

A761.12    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 12: Mollusca and Radiata.   Text

movements of systole and diastole. In spite of this almost continual action of the locomotive faculty, the medus do not appear to be able to overcome the smallest current, but are constantly carried away by it. According to all observers, the medus feed on little animals, on mollusca, worms, crustacea, and even fish, which they attract towards their mouth, by means of the appendages with which it is armed. Spallanzani has supposed this, because he saw a small fish which was attached to one of the

A761.13    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 13: Annelida, Crustacea, and Arachnida.   Text

second it sinks in upon itself the branches are folded, it grows pale, and becomes altogether grey. These two states thus alternate with each other as long as the animal is in good health, and are caused by the blood, which is carried into the gills to be respired, that is, to undergo the action of the circumambient element, and which afterwards returns into the interior of the body. It is thus that respiration takes place in all the marine worms with red blood, such as amphinoma, c. c. [page

A761.13    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 13: Annelida, Crustacea, and Arachnida.   Text

years the systematic writers adopted this genus, such as it is in Gmelin, almost without making any other change than adding a very small number of species. This may be easily seen in Brugui res' Tableau des Vers, in the Encyclopedie Methodique, Blumenbach's Manual of Natural History, that of the Baron Cuvier, the first edition of Invertebrated Animals, by M. de Lamarck, and even in M. Bosc's Treatise of Worms, although be indicates some new species. In the first mentioned work, however, we

A761.13    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 13: Annelida, Crustacea, and Arachnida.   Text

body appears suspended in the air. A gordius, similar to that which is often found in the interior of locusts, being found in the abdomen of the Phalangium cornutum, would lead us to believe that these arachnida are subject to be infested by these worms. That which was observed was very smooth, a little transparent, and filled with a milky matter. It was about seven inches four lines in length, and two-tenths of a line in breadth. We are now come to the ACARIDES, or last family of the Arachnida

A761.14    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 14: Insecta (1).   Text

, disposed in two series closely approximating in a horizontal direction at their base, and subsequently forming a crotchet; they are composed of six small articulations, and have a conical and corneous point. The iuli, notwithstanding the great number of their feet, are by no means agile, on the contrary they walk very slowly and seem to glide along like earth-worms. They cause their feet to act, one after the other, in slow and regular succession. Each range forms a sort of undulation; they move

A761.14    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 14: Insecta (1).   Text

them; and if it is desired to preserve them in existence, it is necessary to furnish them frequently with fresh and humid earth. When they are placed on the surface of the ground they very quickly bury themselves beneath it. M. Latreille was inclined to think that these larv live on roots, but from the observations of Degeer, it appears that they are also carnivorous, and in case of necessity will feed on individuals of their own species, as well as on earth-worms. Towards the end of the month

A761.14    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 14: Insecta (1).   Text

. Gouffier having observed that th trees planted in espaliers, near which grew strawberry bushes, lettuces, c., were less subject to these white worms, he judged that they would give the preference to these last mentioned plants, and which he found, in fact, to be almost all of them eat up. He then adopted the method of furnishing his espaliers with salad, and of planting thick tufts of strawberries, which he removed with the tuft on which they grew, to the foot of orchard trees. He was careful to

A761.15    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 15: Insecta (2).   Text

generic name, that these insects are designated by some ancient naturalists, and principally by Mauffet, who has figured numbers of them. According to him, they are the meloe of Paracelsus. The Germans name them May-worms, because the most common species usually appears at that season of the year. Some authors have called them uactuous scarab i, because they send forth from the articulations of each knee of their legs, when they are seized, a yellowish, viscous fluid, similar to oil, and which

A761.15    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 15: Insecta (2).   Text

out of the nest, and forced them to defend themselves. But these hostilities soon ceased, and peace was re-established. The ash-coloured ants, says M. Huber, were surprised to see them return without the cocoons which they usually brought, and which, as he somewhat fancifully implies, might be a sort of passport for them with their auxiliaries. The amazons are not carnivorous. M. Huber has often thrown amongst them caterpillars, worms, and cooked meat, without their ever touching any of them; but

A761.15    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 15: Insecta (2).   Text

, similar to worms, with a scaly head, of an invariable figure, and the mouth presents parts analogous to jaws and lips. They all change skin to become nymphs; these nymphs are sometimes naked, sometimes enclosed in cocoons which their larv have constructed. They approximate in their figure, to the perfect insect, exhibit the external organs, and conclude their metamorphosis in the ordinary manner. At the anterior part of the corslet we often observe two respiratory organs, in the form of tubes, of

A761.15    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 15: Insecta (2).   Text

brought them from North America. This species differs from the French one only in being entirely black. Passing over the intervening sub-genera of tipulari , which afford little to arrest our attention, we proceed to the family of Tanystoma, which will not detain us long. The larv resemble long worms, almost cylindrical, without feet, with a head either scaly and uniform, or soft and variable, and always provided with hooks, or retractile appendages, which serve to gnaw or to suck the substances on

A761.16    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 16: Tabular view of classification; index.   Text

Shegalyra, to what it belongs, xv. 418 fasciipennis, xv. 418 Siagona, description of, xiv. 199 depressa, xiv. 199 description of, xiv. 296 atrata, xiv. 199 fuscipes, xiv. 199 rufipes, xiv. 199 sejus, xiv. 199 Siagonum quadricorne, xiv. 296 Sialis, (Lat.) xv. 299 Sicus, (Lat.) xv. 692 Sigalphus, (Latr.) xv. 363 Silis, (Meg. Dej.) xiv. 338 rubricollis, xiv. 338 Silis spinicollis, xiv. 338 Silk-worm, change undergone by, xiv. 80 manner of feeding of the, xiv. 66 Silk-worms, acid from, xiv. 73 the

A761.17    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 17.   Text

the roots of plants, on fruits, on insects, and on worms. It breaks the shells of snails with facility, and swallows the animal. It does not touch fish, as it never goes into the water. Its character and habits are gentle, and it is easily domesticated. In gardens it is very useful, as it destroys a considerable quantity of insects and mollusca, which are pernicious, and never does any harm. If it experience hunger for many days, it may be given bran moistened with a little milk. There is no risk

A761.17    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 17.   Text

this saurian is to be found. According to Ray and Linn us, it also inhabits very northern countries, such as Sweden and Kamschatka. In the latter country it inspires terror, and is considered as an envoy of the infernal powers; a fact which Captain Cook ascertained during his residence in that remote and barbarous region. We are assured that this reptile feeds not only on insects, but that it also swallows frogs, mice, shrews, and other small vertebrated animals. It seeks out worms, will

A761.16    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 16: Tabular view of classification; index.   Text

-worms, xv. 39 Meal-worm, the, xiv. 562 Meat-fly, blue, ovoviparous, xiv. 77 frequents the snake-root and taphelia, xiv. 60 Mechanitis, (Fab.) xv. 586 Medeterus, (Fisc.) xv. 696 Megacephala, description of the, xiv. 177 Carolina, xiv. 263 Euphratica, xiv. 177 Mexicana, xiv. 263 sixe of the, xiv. 181 [page] 26

A761.16    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 16: Tabular view of classification; index.   Text

BREHM (Christian-Louis), a German clergyman. Materials for a History of Birds (in German), 3 vols. 8vo. Noustadt, 1820. 1822. BREMSER, curator of the imperial cabinet of Vienna. On the Worms that inhabit living Man (in Germany), 4to. Vienna, 1819. It has been translated into French by Dr. Grundler, with additions by M. de Blainville, 8vo. Paris, 1824. BREYN. BREYNIUS (J. Philip), a naturalist and physician of Dantzick, born 1680, died 1764. Disscrtatio de Polythalamiis, nova Testaccorum classe

A761.16    Beagle Library:     Cuvier, Georges. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed, by Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Geo. B. Whittaker. vol. 16: Tabular view of classification; index.   Text

in Teuschland, or a Description of the Insects in Germany, 1 vol. 4to. Berlin, 1730. FROEL. FROELICH (J. A.), a German naturalist and physician of Elwangen. Author of two Memoirs on the Intestinal Worms in the Naturforscher. G RT. G RTNER (Joseph), a celebrated botanist of Wirtemberg, born 1732, died 1791. Author of the Carpologia, and also in his youth of Zoological observations inserted in the Philosophical Transactions, and in the Miscellanea Zoologica of Pallas. GAILLARDOT, a physician at