CUL-DAR6.16-50    Draft:    [1842.05.00--1842.06.00]   Sketch of Species Theory — rough copy much corrected   Text   Image

like the birth death of individuals should be the effect of secondary laws means; that it is derogatory that the Creator of countless systems of world should have created each of the myriads of creeping parasites slimy worms. which have since earliest days of life inhabited swarmed over land water this one globe. We cease being astonished however much we may deplore that a group of animals should have be directly created to lay their eggs,  on in bowels flesh of other that some organism should

CUL-DAR64.2.1    Note:    1842.05.26   Examined field mentioned in my Paper as marled 80 years ago — a mistake   Text   Image

so that we have seen at least the mean time is not element of sinking with some probability see the connection with presence of earthworms. I have no doubt that the former field was poor in worms hence sunk slowly, bit we see whole stratum of soil about 16 inches thick gives a resolution in about 30 years. Look to worm in bogg fiel

CUL-DAR64.2.2-3    Note:    1842.06.13   Corrections Maer Paper / Field with Walnut tree opposite the House   Text   Image

Field close to house = (1 hole) 4 inches from surface lime in continuous thick layer 6 from surface another layer slime 10 to 12 inches cinder bits of brick or burnt marl? few scattered in intervening earth. (2) 2 1/2 lime 4 from surface lime: brick coal at 10 inches depth (3) Cinder 2 from surface lime 4, cinders brick 10 inches ( other holes with same results nearly) Some cinders with lime layers, but not one above the lime. Plenty of worms at 10 inches: now very dry weather for long time I

CUL-DAR262.23.1    Draft:    [Undated]   [Biographical sketch of Darwin Charles Robert]   Text   Image

do hope you be, then you will not laugh at the tickling of yr knee. This the Otaheitan tune that the Otaheitan women sang to them are the only two tunes I ever heard my Father hum. Indeed he could never recognize a tune hummed at all, used to say that he believed we only pretended to recognize it for it was impossible we really could make anything out from such senseless sounds. There were other games for us when very small of crows that flew about crocodiles wh. were very naughty beasts worms

A2    Book:     [Chambers, Robert] 1844. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. London: John Churchill.   Text

bratula, pentamerus, spirifer, orthis, leptaena;) mollusca, of several orders and many genera, (including turritella, orthoceras, nautilus, bellerophon;) crustacea, all of them trilobites, (including trinucleus, asaphus, calamene.) A little above the Llandillo rocks, there have been discovered certain convoluted forms, which are now established as annelids, or sea-worms, a tribe of creatures still existing, (nereidina and serpulina,) and which may often be found beneath stones on a seabeach

A2    Book:     [Chambers, Robert] 1844. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. London: John Churchill.   Text

of coral reefs in the present tropical seas gave a powder, undistinguishable, when dried, from ordinary chalk. It then appeared likely that the chalk beds were the detritus of the corals which were in the oceans of that era Mr. Darwin, who made some curious inquiries on this point, further suggested, that the matter might have intermediately passed through the bodies of worms and fish, such as feed on the corals of the present day, and in whose stomachs he has found impure chalk. This, however

CUL-DAR135.8    Printed:    1844   Brief descriptions of several terrestrial Planariae, and of some remarkable marine species, with an account of their habits `Annals and Magazine of Natural History' 14: 241-251 plus plates   Text   Image   PDF

they increased considerably in size. The species which live under stones, both on the grassy, undulating land of northern La Plata, and on the arid, rocky hills of central Chile, generally inhabit small sinuous chambers, like those frequented by earth-worms, in which they lie coiled and knotted up. They are often found in pairs; and I once discovered a pair attached together by their lower surfaces, apparently in copulation. None of these species have the quick and vivacious movements of the

F1664    Periodical contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1844. Observations on the structure and propagation of the genus Sagitta. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13 (81) (January): 1-6, 1 plate.   Text   Image   PDF

his grand work (Mollusques, p. 140).5 Prof. E. Forbes four years since made his first communication on this genus before the Wernerian Society, and a second one at the Meeting of the British Association for the present year.6 1 Sagitta: carnivorous arrow worms (Chaetognaths). See Red notebook p. 76 and Zoology notes pp. 70-71. 2 Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (1802-1857), French naturalist and palaeontologist who travelled throughout South America 1826-1834. 3 Edward Forbes

F1669    Periodical contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1844. Brief descriptions of several terrestrial planariæ, and of some remarkable marine species, with an account of their habits. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 14 (October): 241-251, 1 plate.   Text   Image   PDF

they increased considerably in size. The species which live under stones, both on the grassy, undulating land of northern La Plata, and on the arid, rocky hills of central Chile, generally inhabit small sinuous chambers, like those frequented by earth-worms, in which they lie coiled and knotted up. They are often found in pairs; and I once discovered a pair attached together by their lower surfaces, apparently in copulation. None of these species have the quick and vivacious movements of the

F14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

, but from an accident failed. Parts of the lake seen from a short distance appeared of a reddish colour, and this perhaps was owing to some infusorial animalcula. The mud in many places was thrown up by numbers of some kind of worm, or annelidous animal. How surprising it is that any creatures should be able to exist in brine, and that they should be crawling among crystals of sulphate of soda and lime! And what becomes of these worms when, during the long summer, the surface is hardened into a

A3    Book:     [Chambers, Robert] 1845. Explanations: A sequel to "Vestiges of the natural history of creation." By the author of that work. London: John Churchill.   Text   Image

also includes sharks, is performed in a manner which approximates these fishes to the worms and insects-namely, by numerous vesicles called internal gills, the entrance to which is from their gullet, while the exit [page] 56 EXPLANATIONS

F14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

animals are of so simple a structure, that Cuvier has arranged them with the intestinal worms, though never found within the bodies of other animals. Numerous species inhabit both salt and fresh water; but those to which I allude were found, even in the drier parts of the forest, [page] 2

F14    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

These holuthuri , the fish, the numerous burrowing shells, and nereidous worms, which perforate every block of dead coral, must be very efficient agents in producing the fine white mud which lies at the bottom and on the shores of the lagoon. A portion, however, of this mud, which when wet strikingly resembled pounded chalk, was found by Professor Ehrenberg to be partly composed of siliceous-shielded infusoria. April 12th. In the morning we stood out of the lagoon on our passage to the Isle of

CUL-DAR189.111    Abstract:    [Undated]   St John - `Wild sports of Highlands' 1846: 142   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [111] St John wild Sports of Highlands 1846 p 142 very good about Sheldrake asking for food by patting ground, which they do to get worms. à [111v

F273    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1846. Geological observations on South America. Being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. FitzRoy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder and Co.   Text   Image   PDF

thickness. The salt rests almost always on a thick bed of black muddy sand, which is fetid, probably from the decay of the burrowing worms inhabiting it.* In a salina, situated about fifteen miles above the town of El Carmen on the Rio Negro, and three or four miles from the banks of that river, I observed that this black mud rested on gravel with a calcareous matrix, similar to that spread over the whole surrounding plains: at Port S. Julian the mud, also, rested on the gravel: hence the

A4169    Periodical contribution:     Forbes, Edward. 1846. On the connexion between the distribution of the existing fauna and flora of the British Isles, and the geological changes which have affected their area, especially during the epoch of the Northern Drift. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, and of the Museum of Economic Geology in London 1: 336-432. [CCD3]

CUL-DAR222.1-    Note:    1847--1871   Index to annotations by Darwin Charles Robert in his copies of `Gardeners' Chronicle', which is in the Botanic Garden Library, Cambridge   Text   Image

1868 No      Page   Subject ?        184     Review of Animals Plants under Domestication [Anon. 1868. [Review of]                     Variation. Gardeners' Chronicle (22 February): 184, A610 in Darwin Online.] ?        275     Origin of Swedish Turnips ?        295     Ravages of the oak Gall ?        324     Worms ?        325     Tobocco Dust v Snails ?        376     Bud Variation of Sport ?6       687     Mimicry in Nature ?        918     Unusual Conformation of Flowers ?5     1162

F3587    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1922. [Letters to M. A. T. Whitby 1847, 1849 and G. Cupples, 1874]. Maggs Bros. Autograph letters: historical documents…no. 425. London.   Text

). [To Mary Anne Theresa Whitby 2 September [1847]] …Whenever I have observed the moths raised from silk-worms kept by children, the wings have been more or less crumpled, I have been assured that they can never fly. Does this hold good, especially in France Italy?... You were so kind last year as to give me hopes that you would try two experiments on hereditariness (a point on which I am particularly interested) in the caterpillar state: the first was whether the black eye-browed kind would

CUL-DAR65.46    Draft:    [Undated]   of alterations [to Earthworms]   Text   Image

repeatedly looking c do not fit into the worms not being alarmed p 7 (top) insert yet p 7 — near top — ink correction p 11 (Rt side middle) It seemed ungrammatical without this correction p 14 (near top) X My correction seems much simpler p 15 speak about two corrections near top — p 15 X Near bottom rt side, I think into the stem of roots comes in very awkwardly might be deled I think your argument wants a however, and to be made a separate sentenc

A649    Book:     Owen, Richard. 1849. On parthenogenesis, or the successive production of procreating individuals from a single ovum. London: John Van Voorst.   Text   PDF

retention of some of the progeny of the primary germ-vesicle with their inherited spermatic virtue. Now we have seen that the power of propagating by gemmation and spontaneous fission is in the ratio of the retention of germ-cells, as such, in the constitution of the individual first developed from the primary germ-mass. Plants are more cellular than animals; monads than rotifers; polypes than echinoderms; the tape worms than the round worms; the radiata than the articulata and mollusca; the

A649    Book:     Owen, Richard. 1849. On parthenogenesis, or the successive production of procreating individuals from a single ovum. London: John Van Voorst.   Text   PDF

each impregnated ovum. Here, amongst other topics suggested by the ph nomena just described, we may ask, whether all the anim , or manifestations of self-perceptivity and self-activity, of the several 'Param cioids,' 'king's-yellow worms,' '(Cercari ' and 'Trematoda,' pre-existed as independent principles in the single impregnated ovum from which those animals are to proceed. And we might enter upon the interesting and important inquiry how, and how far, these ph nomena of Parthenogenesis may

F339.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1851 [=1852]. A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes. London: The Ray Society. vol. 1   Text   Image   PDF

certain Entozoic Worms, 201. on the Conchoderma Hunteri, 154. Oxynaspis, Genus, 133. celata, 134. Pamina, 137. trilineata, 146. Peach, Mr., obligations to, 240. on the movements of pedunculated Cirripedes, 33. Peduncle, general description of, 31. origin and homologies of, 21. Penis, general description of, 56. of Ibla quadrivalvis, 206. Pentalasmis, vel Pentalepas, 67. anseriferus, 81. dentatus, 73. dilatata, 81. Donovani, 92. fascicularis, 92. Hillii, 77. inversus, 86. lævis, 73, 77. radula, 86

A586    Book:     Lindley, John. 1853. The vegetable kingdom; or, the structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system. 3d ed. London: Bradbury & Evans.   Text   Image   PDF

sweetness and fine aromatic flavour of its fruit; in its wild state, however, and unripe, its fruit is excessively acid, burning the gums. In the West Indies it is employed, along with Bromelia Phigmn and others, to destroy intestinal worms, and to promote the secretion of urine. Tillandsia usneoides hangs down from the trees in the woods of tropical America Eke long dry beards, and is used for stuffing birds, and in the Ffe. XCVL—1. Flower of Bromelia festnosa; S. a flower of Pltcairnia ringens; 3

CUL-DAR205.5.150-152    Note:    1854.11.00   I think an order with a few genera wd appear more aberrant if these few   Text   Image

The diversity of nature has been an old theme of admiration. By my theory as limit to address except gradation — Here insert a type of oddnesse. Cephalopods with one arm converted into parasite. My complementary males — alternate generation — Alcippe Muller's wonderful action — Annelids with tails - procreation of intestinal worms c c. This was with the b boldest fancy I never have thought to add structures affected by nature.  Nov/54/ (11

CUL-DAR8.(1-102)    Draft:    1856   'Natural selection' chapter 3 (On the possibility of all organic beings occasionally crossing and on the remarkable susceptibility of the reproductive system to external agencies)   Text   Image

(Ch. 3. all organisms cross) as land-shells, certain annelids, as earth-worms, land-leeches planariæ, but these all unite in pairs for propagation. In aquatic animals there are numerous cases of wh bisexual hermaphr animals which can certainly propagate by self-fertilisation; [For readability, Darwin's horizontal and vertical deletion uncrossed.] If we consider the nature of the liquor seminis in the structure of bisexual animals in presently to be discussed, it is obvious that in aquatic