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[Half-fold]

Jan 19 — 1861

Abstract of whole Book

He asserts that cruciferæ are impregnated before flower opens

(Kurr)

[2]

Jan. 13th/61/. Nectar an excretion — as seen in Legum, & Laurel see also Kurr for other cases.— In Bracten & flowers later place only when sun shines — sugar is highly oxidised, & is not oxygen exhaled when sun shines.—

Nectar is sought regularly by various insects — C.C. Sprengel, first saw that it is excretion in various parts & organs within flower & its very general presence is highly organised plant (see Kurr) was of special use to plant by attracting insects.—

He erred in supposing that these insects were for self-fertilisation; though in many cases necessary for self- fertilisation (a) & for union of Dioicous plants. The real object as shown by many general conditions is to ensure occasional cross.—

But how is it in those flowers, as Papaver &

[2v]

(a) A hermaphrodite plant not self-fertilising itself & thus requiring insect agency, is in fact from same object of crossing

[3]

& Verbascum (Kurr) no nectar, yet these genera naturally cross — I suspect pollen-searchers do the job —

But there are some as grasses conifers a pollen of which insects do not seem to feed — here wind both unites dioicous & crosses the hermaphrodite — Often have feathered pistil — incoherent pollen in abundance — dangling anther — open naked flower &c &c — & no nectar. (Poa aquatica probably.)

Think of number of Insects which feed chief on nectar!

[3v]

Nectary p. 129

p 133 v tricolor

Delphium

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99 List of plants without nectar

102 Nectar rarely secreted before pollen shed but lost afterwards

115 Cases of nectar secreted outside of flower (does not know of my cases)

124 Cases of Orchids which set no seed when spurs cut off— but opposite cases given in note

126 Vide tricolor bare seed when spur cut off probably bees do not see & are guided by flower — so with Corydalis lutea

129 general conclusion from 441 experiments barely lessened seed.—

131. some orchids bore fruit when corolla cut off

133 v. tricolor bore fruit

135 General conclusion that cutting off corolla did not prevent flower producing fruit!

138 to 142. General conclusion of whole Book on use of nectaries — All spoilt by not knowing of use of Crosses.

[4v]

(1

Abstract of Kurr on Nectary (Jan 14 1861)

p. 17 Cyperaceæ & Gramineæ Junceæ no nectar

Arum none. (false)—

p 34 Rumex, Atriplex none Rheum has

36 Plantago none

25. Calyx of certain Iris secrete Nectar

29. Lip of Butterfly orchis secretes before flower opens // throws light on secretions in Listera &c

28* Bractae of certain orchids secrete honey

29 Cypripedium no nectar!

79 Polygala non vulgaris none; yet I have seen Hive-Bees smelling shows how rarely secretion happens

80 Viola same facts

39 Small flower with nectar Veronicas (44 Myosotis)
54 Galium 2 spe. & Asperula / 64 Epilobium hirsutum & montanum / 79 Stellaria & Sagina procumbens / 83 Draba verna 

40 Verbascum none (yet cross naturally)
― Solanum tuberosum & several none

42 Syringa vulgaris none ⸮ whether in own country?

80 The fruitful flowers of Viola have no corolla or nectary — (probably self-fertilisers)

85 In Cruciferæ generally fertilisation in unopened flowers. — & Honey after fertilisation = some error =

86 Papaveraceæ (they have the guiding mark of C.C. Sprengel no nectar

95. Amentaceæ mostly (except Salix known to be visited by Bees.) no nectar or Coniferæ—

Good as showing use of nectar in several cases as Gramineæ Cyperaceæ & Coniferæ where we see structure & pollen showing that wind is agent no nectar

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