RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [ny].09.08-10.27. Maurandia semperflorens. CUL-DAR157.1.97-98. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 4.2023. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin.

The volumes CUL-DAR157.1-2 contain notes, abstracts etc. for Darwin's long paper and later book Climbing plants (1865). It was also commercially available as a softbound offprint, F834, F834a. See R. B. Freeman's bibliographical introduction. Items CUL-DAR157.1.11-60 were in a folder marked "Twiners". Items CUL-DAR157.1.61-112 were in a folder marked "Leaf-climbers" and items CUL-DAR157.1.114-147 were in a folder marked "Tendrils".


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Maurandia semperflorens = scandens. Sept. 8th

Young shoot made two circles in 3º 32'. ∴ each in 1º. 46'.— Petioles sensitive to loops of threads — climbs exactly like other species — Put loops of thread & strong & stick against young peduncles. yesterday & today, I can see no clasping movement—

I think certainly 5 inch loops of strong cause considerable curvature in peduncles.— Better Taller climber, apparently than other species

Sept 9th & 10 Shoots not sensitive to rubbing — as might have been expected from Lophospermum & what follows—

I shd not have noticed this species, had it not been for following unique case.— Two flower peduncles in bud, from extreme tip to axis base 1 1/2 inch in length were observed under bell-glass & were in constant movement—

(2

Sept 12th: Upper one moved, chiefly downwards & t. in curved crooked course, making little crooked circles or ellipses, & one moved a good deal to west. — The lower flower bud did not move in so crooked a course & moved almost vertically downwards & in night both some way upwards — I shd have imagined from position of plant that both avoided light; but next day showed this not the case

Sept. 13th. Upper one moved less in space & (in fact very little indeed) The lower bud made 3 narrow vertical irregular ellipses, moving a little to east, in 7º 10; each on average in 2º 23'; and at least 1 1/2 more circles in the next 3º 46'; which is at nearly same rate. The upper flower-bud also made very similar, but fewer ellipses. — Hence we must admit that these young flower-buds

[2v]

How will old flowers behave??

Must introduce in both Summaries — Strike out passage after.

Passifloraceæ.—

(Movement & sensibility by some correlation of growth seem to have passed from shoot & petioles into peduncles. —)

Sept 27' & 28 A.m — young peduncle made all day very small circle— An old bud, just coloured & when expanded motionless

Oct 27th Though favoured by pea-sticks & many plants, peduncle in not one case grasped Twigs.— If other Scroph. had flower tendrils, the power might have been a remnant as it is can hardly be so— nor is it of any use — a correlated faculty which might be worked in for good—.

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Maurandia

spontaneously revolve in very small ellipse & sometimes take independently of light much larger movements

I was led to these observations by Mohl's statement that M. scandens (a syn by Steudel of this species) acts like tendril— I have not seen this, & am much surprised for flower peduncles generally attached to arise from stem already recurved by petioles.—

Sept. 14th at 11º. 47' rubbed upper side of one above peduncle & lower side of other in 1º. 15' neither bent again rubbed them several times with twig by 3º both bent towards rubbed side.

At 5º both nearly straight again— They became only slightly bent— so with loops of thread & strong several times; never nearly clasped

[98]

Give Mohl whole sentence [insertion:] He refers to peduncle of Valisneria to Tendrils — say never saw or could make one act — nor wd it be of use for position; except in hanging branches — Therefore following facts are curious — spont. movement & irritability—

No more apparent use that spont movement of Hedysarum or irritability of primrose or oxalis— But might be utilised if carried a little further on or perfected — Peduncle after touching often become permanently flexuous & this I presume has misled Mohl & is mentioned as a Botanical character

Young [illeg] shoots hardly yet bear flower-buds—

I put grand plant to branched twigs.

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Maurandia

them; only slightly bent, whereas same loops of thread were clasped by the petioles with which they accidentally came in contact.—

Sept 15th I rubbed same 2 peduncle on opposite sides., both exteriorly to each other & after two rubbings they just diverged in perceptible manner.—

Sept 15th A thin upright stick pressing all day on same 2 peduncles caused no flexure; nor did it on former occasion.—

Generally 5 inch strong does nothing; but occasionally seems certainly to cause flexure.

Sept 20th rubbed several times lightly 2 peduncles, one on upper & one on lower side.— (these were younger than last & under 1 1/2 inch in length) & they became in 4 or 5 hours, greatly & conspicuously bowed. Some older ones did not become bowed. There cd. be no doubt—

[4v]

The above straightened themselves in 24º to 30º

Sept 20' Two peduncle only .3 in length bent from light rubbing — now this cd be of no use.

It is strangely capricious how loops of 5 & 10 inches of string act— I believe young alone are sensitive— —

Could Mohl's "scandens" (synonym by Steudel) be a distinct var. or species? My plants, though raised in autumn grew most vigorously.—

Mine certainly never acted as tendrils.—

Sept. 21— Two other peduncle above 3/4 of inch in length rubbed curved conspicuously towards each other became bowed & chord moved nearly 90º. — Rubbing far more effect than 5 inch loops of string — wd never clasp a stick put along-side


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

File last updated 19 July, 2023