RECORD: Darwin, C. R. 1857.07. Babingtons Manual of Brit. Botany (3d Edition) 1851. List of all the varieties. CUL-DAR16.231d-232. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and John van Wyhe, edited by John van Wyhe 3.2023. RN2

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR16 contains calculations and tables for Darwin's 'big book' Natural Selection F1583.


(5

I exclude Rubus Rosa, Hieracium Salix & Carex

Babington's Manual of Brit. Botany (3d. Edition) 1851. List of all the varieties marked by Greek Letters. I exclude the very doubtful species in Brackets

Babington

Thalictrum minus

5

Ranunculus aquatilis (3)

19

― flannula

 

― acris

 

Caltha palustris X

1

Papaver Rhaeus (?)

 

Chelidonium majus (?)

 

Fumaria Cephalotis (2)

5

Barbarea vulgaris

3

Cardamine pratensis

4

Brassica campestris

4

― morensis

 

Draba verna

5

Cochlearea officinalis

1

― anglica

 

Thlapsi alpestre

3

Viola hirta

9

― canina

 

― lutea

 

― tricolor

 

Polygala vulgaris X

3

Saponaria officinalis X

1

Silene anglica (2)

8

― nutans

 

― inflata

 

Sagina procumbens

7

   nodosa (?)

 

(Alsine) verna

 

― tenuifolia

 

Arenaria serpythifolia

8

Stellaria media (?)

7

18 genera / 28 species / 33 vars /

93

 

Cerastinum glmeratum

8

― trivialis

 

― arvense

 

― latifolium

 

Hypericum dubium

11

Geranium sanguineum

12

― robertianum (2)

 

Genista tinctoria

3

Medicago denticulata

7

Trifolium pratense

19

― strictum.

 

Lotus corniculatus (3)

3

― major

 

― angustifolium

 

Anthyllis X

1

Vicia hirsuta

10

― sativa (3)

 

Lathyrus maritimus

7

― macrorhizus

 

Prunus communis

4

Sanguisorba officinalis X

1

Alchemilla vulgaris

3

Potentilla reptans

9

― tormentilla (2)

 

Dryas solipetala X

 

1

Crataegus oxycanth (2) X

1

 

Pyrus malus ✔

5

 

Epilobium angustifolium

10

 

― parviflorum

 

 

― mrtimum (3)

 

 

18 genera / 32 species / 39 vars. /

115

 

(These numbers are from London Catalogue)

This is old list made a year or two ago, but I have marked it. C.D July 1857

(6

Most of the vars. are species of some one author.

Circaea intermedia X

2

Montia fontana (2) X

1

Herminia glabra X

1

Lepigonum rubrum (2) X

2

― marinum (2) X

 

Spergula arvensis (2) X

1

Sedum album

11

― reflexum

 

Ribes rubrum (2)

4

Saxifraga umbrosa (2)

14

   stellaris

 

   arizoides

 

   caespitosa (2)

 

   Hyparides (2)

 

Heracleum X

1

Sambucus nigra 2 X

2

Galium spurium

13

― millugo 2

 

― palustre

 

Kerautia arvensis X

1

Scabiosa columbaria

2

Erigeron alpinus X

3

Solidago virganum (2) X

1

Bidens tripartite X

2

― cerasum

 

Artemisia maritima ✔✔

4

Gnaphalium supinum (3) ✔

6

Antennaria ✔ X

4

Senecio vulgaris ✔

9

― sylvaticus

 

― aquaticus

 

Carduus arvensis (2) ✔

13

― acaulis

 

Myporhaeus glaba ✔

3

22 gen / 34 spec / 48 vars /

100

 

 

Apexia autumnalis (2) ✔ X

2

✔ Leontodon tenax (4) X

1

✔ Sonchus oleraceus

4

✔ Campanula rotundifolia

8

Calluna vulgaris X

1

✔ Pyrola rotundifolia

5

Fraxinus excelsior X

1

✔ Solanum dulcamara (3) X

2

Hyosciamus X

1

✔ Verbascum nigrum (2)

6

✔ Linaria vulgaris

7

✔ Melampyrum pratense

4

Rhinanthus major (3) X

1

Veronica pubescens

17

― Beccalunga

 

― officinalis (2)

 

   serphyllifolia 2

 

   polita

 

Mentha syvlaticus (3)

8

   viridis

 

✔    proferita

 

   sativa (4)

 

   arvensis (2)

 

✔ Nepeta glechoma X

1

✔ Galeopsis ladamnus

4

Stachys palustris

5

✔ Ballota foeida X

1

Marrubium vulgare X

1

Primula vulgaris

5

Anagallis arvensis X

2

Anonia maritima (4) X

2

✔ Plantago lanceolata (4)

5

― major

 

Chenopodium urticum

11

― album

 

25 gen / 35 spe / 57 vars. /

105

 

(7

Babingtons Flora Perhaps better not exclude but very few

 

✔ Atriplex deltoides (3)

7

Rumex sanguineus

12

Polygonum laparillofolium (2)

13

― minus

 

✔ Mercurialis annua X

2

✔ Callihirta pedunculata

4

✔ Ulmus suberosa 2 X

2

Betula glutinosa X

2

✔ Alnus glutinsa X

1

✔ Quercus rufus (3) X

1

✔ Taxus baccata

1

✔ Orchis latifolia (2)

11

✔ Ophrys aranifera

3

✔ Epipactis media

7

✔ Allium oleraceum

9

✔ ― striangerum

 

Juncus supinus

20

Alisma plantago

3

― ranunculoides

 

✔ Zannichellia X

1

✔ Rhynciospora

2

✔ Scirpus savii

18

✔ Eriophorum angustifolia (2)

4

✔ Agrostis vulgaris

4

― alba

 

✔ Arundo epigrapis

5

✔ Aira caespitosa

6

✔ Arum pratensis (2)

5

Arrhenathrum

1

Catabrosa aquatica

1

✔ Poa arnica

9

― caesia (2)

 

― nemoralis (3)

 

― officinalis

 

― pratensis (2)

 

27 / 35 / 48 /

154

 

 

✔ Glyceria plicata

8

(Schelarochloa) maritima

 

― distans

 

Festuca bromoides (2)

9

― aina (3)

 

― sylvatica

 

   gigantea

 

― pratensis

 

Bromus erectus ✔ )

9

― diandrus )

 

Leontodon secalinus )

 

― mollis )

 

― racemosus

 

― connectatus

 

Brachypodium pinnatum

2

Triticum comarium (2)

4

― repens

 

Lolium parvum (2)

2 3

― tenuidendron

 

Hordeum minimum

4

Lepturus increpitus

1


Genera

Species

Varieties

 

9

20

25

40

18

28

33

93

18

30

39

115

22

34

48

100

25

35

57

105

27

35

48

154

119

182

250

607

2 not used in London Catalogue

 

 

 

117

182

250

607


607 [÷] 117 [=] 5.28

/over

(8

(Conclusion)

Hence we see under what may be called a Fourth Category, viz forms which are considered even by Babington (3d Edit) as varieties, & distinguished by Greek Letters that there are enumerated 250. But I shd state that genera Rubus, Rosa, Hieracium, Salix & Carex are omitted; & further that a very few varieties have been excluded, these being rather alluded to, than fully admitted by Babington. I say there are 250 varieties belonging to 182 species, belonging to 117 genera as admitted in London Catalogue, which I have taken as standard of comparison to save time.

These 117 )250 genera in the London Catalogue have 607 species, hence each genus on average has 5.18.— Now the standard of comparison, or average in the Loudon Catalogue for all genera (the 5 excluded) we have seen is only 2.63. So that Babington vars. (vars which are or have been species in eyes of some very few Botanists) follow same law & belong on average to the larger genera. —


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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