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April 4' 71. Cynopithecus niger

This monkey when surprised at a little doll opened eyes very wide brought forward ears somewhat & stood motionless, but I could not see clearly that the eyebrows were raised, mouth certainly not opened; when still more astonished at a live turtle & perhaps slightly frightened moved both lips in an odd & rapid jabbering manner which Sutton declared was meant to please or appease the turtle.

April 4/ 71

[in margin:] Descent of man

The turtle was shown to many monkeys & it was curious to see how little frightened they were at it compared with the snake. [insertion:] (Descent of Man)

Some of the large baboons however were greatly terrified & grinned as if they were going to scream from terror. All the smaller kinds showed unbounded astonishment; this

[Expression, p. 144.]

[53]

was shown by widely opened eyes not opened mouths, nor could I make out that their eyebrows were steadily raised though frequently moved. Their astonishment with some slight fear chiefly shown bi their motionless attitude & intense stare, often standing on their hindlegs to get a better view. They would often retreat 2 or 3 feet & then turn their head over one shoulder & stare intently.

After a very few minutes 2 or 3 of them came & touched the turtle, while forms a wonderful contrast to their behaviour to the snake.

[Expression, p. 140.]

[54]

April 4th 71

Bartlett saw a wild boar quarrelling rather savagely with a sow with open mouth & their ears were certainly depressed, but whether this would be the case with two boars striking at each other is very doubtful.

I must allude to some monkey when please depressing ears—

Cynopithecus niger laughing ears more depressed & drawn towards back of head, central crest of hair also depressed; there movements appeared, whether rightly I cannot say, to be caused by certain mov muscles to be moving in association with those which draw back corners of mouth & exposed teeth a slight jabbering noise made whilst laughing, & skin considerably wrinkled under lower eyelids.

(Mem Polly's face when snarling really & savagely every muscle much more contracted

[Expression, p. 135.]