RECORD: Darwin, C. R. 1871.04.24. Abstract of Bernard, Tissus vivants. CUL-DAR195.3.65. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 6.2022. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR195 contains materials for Darwin's book Expression of the emotions (1872) organised roughly as: DAR195.1 blushing. DAR195.2 astonishment, fear. DAR195.3 indignation, rage, screaming, etc. DAR195.4 laughter, frowning, introduction.


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Bernard Tissus V. ─ April 24 – 1871

p. 310 in reflex action sensitive nerves probably do not act on motor nerves by antiquity, but by connexion.

(But Habitual passages of neurons influence wd. render to passage easier.)

p 316 when sensitive nerve irritated, owing to [counter] of (This may be accompanied by anxious or independent as [illeg] )

337 & 358 ─ local Poisoning also the irritation very [pass] (at the opposite side, then upwards & downwards, & ultimately to whole body ─ according to force of disturbance. ─ (Bears on spreading effect of emotions ─ in some cases may follow habitual courses, in others depending on structure.)

321. reversed current in nerve; but these nerves has been repaired.

353 358 ─  good summary Proposed contrast between voluntary & reflex movements of same muscles ─ [Diccpilation] makes sensitive nerve more sensitive & more easily causes movement ─ (Bears on Sneezing & especially on influence face of closing eyelids voluntarily & in screaming &c. Weeping.)

[Expression, p. 70  "A sensitive nerve when irritated transmits some influence to the nerve-cell, whence it proceeds; and this transmits its influence, first to the corresponding nerve-cell on the opposite side of the body, and then upwards and downwards along the cerebro-spinal column to other nerve-cells, to a greater or less extent, according to the strength of the excitement; so that, ultimately, the whole nervous system may be affected.5
5 See, on this subject, Claude Bernard, 'Tissus Vivants' 1866, pp. 316, 337, 358."]

371. contact of break makes [illeg] puppy suck.

384. reflex excitement very special ─ acid flow of saliva.

397. Cutting nerves of gland acting & by paralysing the capillaries, & sphincter of glands, so that more blood passes into them. ─ so Paget wrong about

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Tropic nerves. where man blushes some cerebro-spinal nerve paralyses the sympathetic ganglia going to capillaries of face

409. gives account of nerve of vaso-motor systems, sympathetic is moderator & central, the capillaries; which the cerebro-spinal acts by paralysing them & thus [d'aures] then dilation. ─ see on page my remarks about burning face. ─ When we think intently of part. we perhaps affect the part of sensorium which raises sensitive nerves from that part: consequently the cerebro-spinal are affected & lead to paralysis of the sympathetic nerves going to same part, & the part redden ─ but how can this make surface grow pale?

457. It is clear that any pain or emotion may paralyse [illeg] the [fake…] ─ gesture nerve to beat & cause it to stop beating, as sudden fear or joy, ─ but it is not clear how heart can be thus accelerated, except perhaps through reaction ─ Habit may come in as well.

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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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