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Dec /45/

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Forbes widest distributed forms thinks probably oldest created?

Hooker great resemblance between Flora of Guyana & opposite promontory of Africa not same species:

How is this in shells? [illeg]

Hairless cats

Forbes says tailless cats of Isle of Man have a little rudiment, does not know whether they vary, but has had a cross, with tails of all lengths. So artificial rudiment, believes like true rudiment

Forbes a tulip found on summit of Crete same with one frm the Altai. Hooker a Myrsine from found at Cape & the Azores. Hooker says Bentham says that on one species of Pyrenees a species same as in the Altai & not found on any other space, though quite similar.

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Forbes & Hooker agreed, with the exception of a few well-marked species, it was not possible to say what were species in Rubus Rosa & Salix. This seems case, where almost every allied species have all had varying descendants - good as illustrations, where I discuss this point - so that existence of a true species depends partly on non variation & partly on allied species having become extinct & not transmitted descendants. A genus is a real thing, but is consequent solely on extinction, if we take all organisms which have lived: (it may be real with respect to those living at any one time??)

Waterhouse says Fuegian insects have not like plants a Europæan character except Carabus: is true Carabus Tropical: it is found in mountains of S. Chile

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Forbes says the number of plants especially saxifrages common to Ireland & S. Europe makes case rather different for single plants, like continuity of former land surface.

There is a Fern (Hooker) common to W. coast of Ireland, some of the Atlantic islands & one Orchis apparently American: these plants being all found not far inland wd look like sea-transport.

Hooker thinks this last case a difficulty & migration, but he confounds the general difficulty of local plants.

The common Agrimony is found on Himalayas England & summit of Ceylon.

Hooker says in Edinburgh Irish Yew not polliniferous certainly, yet seeds fertile, do not come true.

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Waterhouse suggests that Pangolin not extinct because no compeers to put him out - may be come truth in this: hence one or two forms may often be handed down.

Hooker agreed that on close examination intermediate forms generally fall into one group or class or other. Our records start too late, for intermediate forms between great divisions: are there any intermediate fossils between genera?

With respect to Antarctic Flora, we must start with no vegetation within recent times - has come from West - currents & winds that way (NB in such a discussion one might conveniently discuss Means of Transportal, earth inclosed in trunks of trees) &

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coast ice not icebergs = lastly chance of intermediate land =

Hooker marvels at not one Pacific isld on Galapagos.

Forbes agrees that difference of structure alone shd be an element in classification.

How does it apply to embryological classification that Medusa turns into polyps & polyps into Medusæ.

Waterhouse instances that Paussius good case of in important parts of structure for classification viz antennæ in that group vary much.

The eggs of the Quardius & Feather feeding moth, must have come adhering to birds feathers to St. Paul's Rocks.

A Besaria is common to top of Caracas & Cordillera.