RECORD: Darwin, C. R. n.d. Abstract of Lindley. Vegetable Kingdom, 1845. CUL-DAR205.9.309-310. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 10.2021. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR205.9 contains notes on palaeontology and geology [regarding theory of evolution].

Darwin recorded "Lindley Veg. Kingdom. worth Having, especially introduction on classification, I shd think" in his 'Books to be read / Books Read' notebook Text CUL-DAR119.- .

Lindley, John. 1853. The vegetable kingdom; or, the structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system. 3d ed. London: Bradbury and Evans. A586


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Lindley 7

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Results

In Lindley's vegetable Kingdom in 1845 List, there are, excluding Thallogens & Acrogens. 7,686 genera & 80,440 species. In Vegetable Kingdom p 797 giving 10.46 Species to each genus (according to Steudel 11.6; but Hooker thinks too much)

There are 21 orders with single genera, these have on average 7.95 species; but if one genus, Erythroxylon with 75 species was excluded & Lindley (p. 591) remarks "that it wd perhaps be better to merge the order with the Malpighiads." then the number wd be only 4.6 per genus.

If, however (& this is very strange & hostile to any conclusion, the 29 Orders with two genera in each be taken (& two genera is a very small allowance; for each order has on average 27.6 genera), then each of the 58 genera has on average 15.07 species, nearly half again as whole vegetable kingdom:- This excess is owing to the Smilaceae very peculiar (2 additional genera) , Salicaceae, Begoniaceae very peculiar, (1 additional genus), Balsaminaceae (some few Botanists doubt whether distinct from the Cranesbills) Grossulariaceae, add(?) to 2 genera. If the ten genera of these 5 orders with 706 species be eliminated, then the remaining 48 genera will have 5.91 species each on average.

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There are 5 alliances which contain together only 9 Orders. These 9 orders contain 125 genera (ie nearly 14 genera to each order; great average of Kingdom being 27.6) which 125 genera include 998 species, on average 7.98. These 10 Alliance (including Rhizogens) which contain 3 orders in each, or together 30 orders, which have 688 genera (ie 22.93 genera to each order) & these 688 genera include 6325 species, on average 9.1.

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I find 23 orders with 3 Genera in each ie 69, including 566 species. ie on average 8.2 species to each genus.

I find 20 orders with 4 Genera in each ie 80 genera, including 977 species, ie on average 12.2 species to each genus

I find 27 orders each with above 50 genera, ie 4716 genera, including 47045 species, ie on average 9.97 species in each genus.

From all this I conclude whether there be many or few genera in an Order, the species keep nearly the same in genus.

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From Lindley Veg. Kingdom (1849) number of genera – 467/6500 no of species (13.9 average of species to genus

But – necessary for me to account for the fewness species [sketch] after having shown such to be the case

A creationist might say the fact of aberrance shows that they differ from common form, ie from adapted to commonest circumstances & therefore it is self-evident they wd not be likely to have many species created on such type. Quite sufficient explanation

[insertion:] How to apply this doctrine to Earwig or Ornithorhynchus

 


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

File last updated 9 October, 2023