RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [1838]. Notebook C: 41, 42, 47, 48, 49, 50 (excised pages). CUL-DAR208.19. Edited by John van Wyhe (The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Text prepared and edited by John van Wyhe 6.2025. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR208 contains notebook leaves excised by Darwin.

Notebook C: Transmutation. Text & image CUL-DAR122.-


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Zoolog. Journal Vol. 2.
p 221 Horsfield1 on two bears very close species inhabiting Borneo & Sumatra, differ only in form of white mark on breast: p. 234.— good case
p. 526. (ref.) to Temminck2 Monograph Mammal 4to , good facts about distribution of Cats.
Vol. III p. 233. stated that the "Asseel Gayal. (Bos Gayaeus) does not mix with the Gobbich or village Ga[y]al.3 — ? is latter same species domesticated, strangely contradictory to Azaras fact of conduct of wild & tame horses.—
p. 246 — Gymnura new genus of Mam. found in Sumatra.4
p. 452 Append, to Denham Clapperton &c. on Mammalia5 no doubt will all be included in Smiths Work6

1 Thomas Horsfield, "Description of the Helarctos euryspilus; exhibiting the Bear from the Island of Borneo, the type of a sub-genus of Ursus", Zoological Journal 2: 221.
2 Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Monographies de mammalogie, ou descriptions de quelques genres de mammifères dont les espèces ont été observées dans les differens musées de I'Europe, Paris & Leiden, 1827.
3 Zoological Journal 3: 233, Thomas Hardwick, "On the Bos gour of India".
4 Thomas Horsfield, "Notice of a new genus of Mammalia, found in Sumatra by Sir Thomas Raffles", Zoological Journal 3: 246.
5 Major N. Denham, Captain Clapperton & the late Dr Oudney. Narrative of Travels and Discoveries, in Northern and Central Africa in the years 1822, 1823 and 1824, London, 1826. Appendix XXI "Zoology" by J. G. Children.
6 Andrew Smith, Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa, London, 1838-49.

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Vol. IV p. 273 Macleay1 on Capromys. 4 species probably in Cuba (p. 271 Viedo2 says American dogs silent. Mem. contrary assertion of Molina) (p. 277) probably another in Jamaica & perhaps one extant at Leeward Isles.
p. 388 Reference to Rüppels Travels3 (what language?)
Hyaena venatica of Cape found in Desert of Korti & Steppes of Kordofan
p. 401. Admirable letter from Macleay to Bicheno much excellent detail & firm views about species.4must be studied: genera founded in nature

1 William Sharp MacLeay, "Notes on the genus Capromys of Desmarest … ", Zoological Journal, vol. 4, p. 273.
2 Viedo referred to by MacLeay, op. cit.
3 Wilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Rüppell, Atlas zu der Reise in nordlichen Africa, …… ibid., p. 388.
4 "A Letter to J. E. Bicheno Esq. F.R.S., in examination of his Paper 'On Systems and Methods', in the Linnean Transactions. By W. S. MacLeay Esq ", ibid., p. 401.

47

Zoolog. Transact. Vol. I, p. 165.— a "an account of the maneless lion of Guzerat by Capt. W. Shee [Smee].1 considered merely variety.— yet form of skull very slightly different.— 3

Zoolog. J. V. I. p 389 Owen2 remarks on Entozoa. the organs of generation, afford the least certain indications of the perfection of species — ! How does this agree with grand fact of Marsupial low cerebral structure ?? —

1 Walter Smee.
2 Richard Owen, "Remarks on the Entozoa, and on the structural difference existing among them: including suppositions for their distribution into other Classes", Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. 1, 1835, p. 387; on p. 389:"With respect to generation, the organs of which function afford in their varieties the least certain indications of the relative perfection of the species".

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p. 390. All classes of Acrite exhibit lowest stages of animal organization, "& are analogous to the earliest conditions of the higher classes during which the changes of the ovum or embryo succeeded each other with the greatest rapidity"1 — so we find species each class successively present modifications typical of succeeding classes & likewise those much higher in scale.
So Owen actually believes in this view !!!
p. 392.— except generation & digestion in Acrite Kingdom

1 Richard Owen, ibid., p. 390; it is indeed remarkable to find Owen supporting the theory of parallelism in embryology and the scale of beings.

49

all organs blended together & same organ when eliminated is often repeated, as mouths in Polypi, surely not correct view of Flustra or Ascidia. spicule in sponge, stomachs in infusoria, generation in each joint of taenia worm.1 — formative energies easily expended & no one system developed — not surprising to find many forms in Acrite.— typical of other (surely rather parents). (NB These views must lead to spontaneous generation ??) This whole Paper must be studied.—

1 Richard Owen, ibid., p. 392.

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[Hence] p.70 Am D'Orbigny.1 Birds of prey. are distributed in S. America like other forms, but those inhabiting 3d zone of height & 3d of latitude more commonly are the same species, instead of analogues. as in other classes this evidently relates to greater range of such forms.—

p. 562 Ornithological Part of Voyage of ???3 A Urubu (with one leg) attended the distribution of food at the Mission of Mojos (over 20 leagues apart from each other.— 23 this bird was well-known for its impudence. This excellent case of memory without association.

1 Alcide D'Orbigny, "Observations on the Raptores of South America, Translated from 'Voyage dans l'Amérique Méridionale'," Magazine of Zoology and Botany, vol. 1, 1836-7, pp. 347-359. Darwin's reference is to p. 352.
2 This page reference should read 36.
3 Voyage dans l'Amérique Méridionale,…,….; p. 36 : "Ea familiarité des urubus est extrême. Nous en avons vus, dans la province de Mojos, lors de distributions de viande faites aux Indiens, leur en enlever des morceaux, au moment même où ils venaient de la recevoir".


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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