213

Major Mitchell¹ is not aware that Australian dogs ever hunt in company — marked difference with dogs of La Plata & Guyana # people will say not species.— 1

Organs of generation a capital character (Owen)² not for first & grandest division, but for one of very high order. not for vertebrata. but mammalia & reptiles &c.

Timor is connected with Australia — Map to King's³ Australia — by a bank of soundings of which there appears to be one line in which greatest depth is not more than 60 F. & in the whole area 120 is greatest (about 200 miles distant).— directly beyond produced line of Timor 213. What productions Sandal Wood Isl^d? ought to agree with Java ??

18

¹ Thomas Livingstone Mitchell, Three expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, London, 1838.
² Richard Owen, "Remarks on the Entozoa ", Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. 1, 1835, p. 387.
³ Philip Parker King, Survey of the Intertropical and West Coasts of Australia, London, 1818-22.

214

Terrestrial Planariae assuming bright colours; good instance of colours dependent on localities.—
Hamilton will give an account in his Travels in Asia Minor of the domestic animals. At Angora Centre of Asia Minor are the fine haired goats, which it is said cannot be transported from their country.— the long-haired cats are supposed to come from there.— All the sheep are thick-tailed. The dogs called Persian greyhounds are Kurdish & come also from Asia Minor.— tail like setters, long ears — colours vary, but form constant.—

215

These abortive organs in some males animals, mammae in man, capable of giving milk.
The females of some moths, like glowworm have rudimentary wings so nature can produce in sex what she does in species of Apterix.

10

This is important because if these abortive wings in the female are allowed to the fully organized wings of the male rendered abortive in the womb — if these apparently useless organs do indicate such origin, then we are bound to consider abortive organs of same tendency in species. this is capital & novel argument.—
(there is paper by Yarrell¹ in Zoolog. Transactions & Hunter² on this subject).
Are there any abortive organs in neuter bee, because if X so as she can be converted into female, it will be splendid argument. Old female turning into cocks, abortive spurs growing.—

¹ William Yarrell 1827. On the change in the plumage of some hen-pheasants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. 117: 268-75.
² John Hunter, Observations on certain parts of the Animal Oeconomy, with notes by Richard Owen, London, 1837, pp. 422-66: "Observations on Bees".

216

are there any abortive organs produced in domesticated animals. in plants I presume there are ? get examples.— for instance where a tendril passes into a mere stump.— Shall abortive organs of very same kind in these cases, have plain meaning and none in other case!

Savigny¹ has shown same fundamental organs even in Haustellata & mandi-bulata.— !! Argument where general argument is extended from species to genera & classes.

p. 479. fragment of tusk & molar tooth of Hippopotamus from Madagascar² !!!!!! Proceedings of Geolog. Soc. Vol. I.

19

It is capable of demonstration that all animals have never at any one time formed chain, since if cretaceous period assumed, then some perished before, carboniferous some perished

¹ Marie-Jules-César de Savigny,? Mémoires sur les animaux sans vertèbres, Paris, 1816.
² Proc. Geol. Soc, vol. 1, 1833, p. 479, "A letter was afterwards read from Mr Telfair to Sir Alexander Johnson, accompanying a specimen of recent conglomerate rock from the island of Madagascar, containing fragments of a tusk and part of a molar tooth of a hippopotamus".

221

male glow worm knowing female good case of instinct, bees turning neuter into Queen, more wonderful case.
Dwight's¹ Travels in America, speaks of short-legged sheep, hereditary proceeding from an accident. New England farmer — useful could not leap fences : — D^r Lang² (quoted) on Polynesian nation p. 4.—
do. p. 186 quote Burkhardt³ to show black colour of certain Arabs.— N.B. avoid quoting these hackneyed cases.

¹ Timothy Dwight, Travels in New England and New York, London, 1823.
² John Dunmore Lang, Origin and migrations of the Polynesian nation, London, 1834.
³ John Lewis Burckhardt, Travels in Arabia, London, 1829.

222

M^r Edw. Blyth¹ does not believe in circular or linear arrangement.— Thinks passage very rare, in anatomical structure.— the passage between owls & hawks only external. intermediate groups often have full structure of one class & full of second — this class if analogous to petrel-grebe external appears to be a puzzle against my theory.— 11

If I be asked by what power the creator has added thought to so many animals of different types, I will confess my profound ignorance.— but seeing such passions acquired

¹ Edward Blyth, "Observations on the various seasonal and other external changes which regularly take place in Birds, more particularly in those which occur in Britain ; with Remarks on their great Importance in indicating the true Affinities of Species; and upon the Natural System of Arrangement ", Magazine of Natural History, vol. 9, 1836 pp. 393-409; on p. 407: "[referring to those who] hold that every natural assemblage of species, great or small, forms part of some quinary circle. Now, I cannot but observe here … I should think that a due consideration of this first binary distribution must at once carry conviction of the mind, must be at once a most unanswerable argument against all quinary or similar doctrines …"