13

do. 376. Isle Tres Marias off Mexico with small Hares & raccoons S. American form — off province of Guadalaxura¹ —

October 11^th . — Uncle John² says Decandolle³ distributed seeds of Dahlia all over Europe same year. — he sowed them for four generations before they broke. — showing effects of cultivation gradually adding up. & four more generations before they began to double. —

At present time Uncle J. does not suppose one aboriginal variety for they are all made by fertilizing

¹ ibid., vol. 10, p. 376: "The Tres Marias, or Three Marias, off the Western coast of Guadalaxara, in the kingdom of Mexico … There are also many excellent hares, but much smaller than ours. We saw likewise abundance of guanas and some racoons, which barked and snarled at us like dog".

² John Hensleigh Allen of Cresselly.

³ Augustin Pyramus de Candolle.

14

one plant with another — Uncle John says he has no doubt bees fertilize enormous number of plants — it is scarcely possible to purchase seeds of any cabbage, where a great many will not return to all sorts of varieties, which he attributes to crossing.— Cape Broccolli can hardly be reared without greatest care be taken to prevent fertilization from turnips or other stocks. Says if any variety of apple be sown, all

19

in the cats, "the joints near the tip of the tail were generally crooked, as if they had been broken". are born so in all Malay countries

W. Earl.¹ Eastern Seas, p. 233.

Octob. 12. Kotzebues² Second Voyage Vol. II, p. 344. account of insects of St Peter & St Paul in Lat 53° yet fauna like that 60° & 70° of Europe. — Many European insects, list given — some peculiar —

do. p. 359. At Manilla a small Cercopithecus., & skins of Galiopithecus. —

Malte Brun³ Vol. XII p. 133 at Samar SE of Luçon, many monkeys, buffaloes &c &c — Malte Brun would be worth skimming over with regard to this archipelago

19

¹ George Windsor Earl, The Eastern Seas ; or Voyages and Adventures in the Indian Archipelago in 1832, 1833, and 1834, London, 1837 ; p. 233 : "Here, as in all Maya countries I noticed a peculiarity in the cats, which I never heard satisfactorily accounted for. The joints near the tip of the tail are generally crooked, as if they had been broken ".

² Otto von Kotzebue, New Voyage round the World, 1823-1826, London, 1830.

³ Conrad Malte Brun, Annales des voyages, Paris, 1809-14.

20

Octob. 13^th. — Kotzebues First Voyage¹ Vol. II p. 867. "The Fauna of the Sunda islands presents us, for the most part, with the same families and genera, that are natives of S. Asia, but many of the species are peculiar to them". do. p. 368 "Several kinds of animals have spread from the end of Borneo to the adjacent island — In Soolos we find the elephant — in Magindaneo several kinds of the large monkeys. — Fewer of the mammalia have passed to Paragua & in Lucon the most northern of the group the number is limited["]

¹ Otto, von Kotzebue, Voyage into the South Sea and Beering's Straits 1815-1818, London 1821.

21

of the group. the number is very limited.

do. Vol. III p. 77 Kotzebues Second Voyage Many foreign plants have been introduced in Guahon (Mariannes), "for example the prickly Limonia trifoliata, which cannot now be checked". —

Marsden¹ p. 94 (1^st Edit) of Sumatra has given account of Buffalo of the East which differs from that of S. Europe —

p. 189 The giant kind of crocodile sometimes wanders from Pellew to Eap [Yap] — There is another great Lizard, Kalug, which is found at Pellew & Eap, but not at Feis (near island)

19

¹ William Marsden, History of Sumatra, London, 1783.

22

do. p. 190. The inhabitants of Summagi, a territory in the small isl^d of Eap in the Carolines are remarkably short. — & Deformations are particularly common. — without arms, hands, thumbs, — one leg, hare lip &c. &c.

in Vol II p 363 account of Flora of Pacific. given in my coral paper.¹

Oct. 14^th. Macleay² says that any character even colour is good (i.e. invariable) in some classes. — it is because every part is under change, now one part now another —

¹ Darwin's paper on Coral Islands, written in 1835, has been published, with an introduction by D. R. Stoddart, by Pacific Science Board, National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C., Atoll Research Bulletin No 88, 15 December 1962.

² William Sharp Macleay. Presumably personal communication. Darwin is contending that the relatives of a form can be identified by similarities in the structure of parts and that this can be accounted for on the theory of descent by modification from common ancestors