(1)

Melilotus Messanensis 1877

Oct 2d)

8° 12° first dot — morning hazy right angle to window

8° 32' down & to light young leaf on lateral branchlet

9° — to light— almost horizontal

9° 24' do — do— — sky still dull

10 20' much down

10 47' down ─ sky brighter considerably

11. 6'.do do

11° 35' to light & still a little down — sky rather brighter

11. 47 more down, still to light

12 13 still down & to light

12.40 began to rise slightly, but still to light

1. 3' still rising & to light

1. 21' to light & rising very slightly

1. 40 Back from light & parallel

2. 13— still back — parallel — sky fairly bright

2 40 going back & rising

3° — a little down

3 30' much higher & to light

3. 58— higher & back to light

4° 24 rising most slightly & far to light, though evening advancing

4° 36' rising bit very little, but quickly to light side

5° 5' — far to light & rising rather more

5.30' — dot on edge of glass

Oct 3' 6° 40' cross

7° 40'

N. B The backward movement in morning is awakening as leaf projected laterally with leaves leaflet

terminal leaflet projects with midrib horizontal & face directed obliquely to light

(Used)

(45

98

Chapt. 8

(I was first to infer that a relation of this kind exists specially between the period of development age at which characters are & the manner form of transmission, from from the fact that in wherever & in whatever manner the adult male differs from the adult females, he almost invariably always differs in the same manner from the young of both sexes. The generality of this fact is quite remarkable: it commonly holds good, when the sexes differ, with almost all with mammals, birds, amphibians & fishes; also with many crustaceans, spiders & some few insects, namely certain orthoptera & Libellulæ. But as most insects arrive at maturity by a single abrupt metamorphosis, the gradual development of their secondary sexual character can seldom be observed. Now when, as in their many numerous cases the adult male differs from the young male & from the female [illeg] ages, his masculine characters must have been acquired at a somewhat late period of life; & conformably with our rule, they have been are transmitted & developed in the male offspring alone.

[Descent, pp. 286-7: "I was first led to infer that a relation of this kind exists, from the fact that whenever and in whatever manner the adult male has come to differ from the adult female, he differs in the same manner from the young of both sexes. The generality of this fact is quite remarkable: it holds good with almost all mammals, birds, amphibians, and fishes; also with many crustaceans, spiders and some few insects, namely certain orthoptera and libellulæ. In all these cases the variations, through the accumulation of which the male acquired his proper masculine characters, must have occurred at a somewhat late period of life; otherwise the young males would have been similarly characterised; and conformably with our rule, they are transmitted to and developed in the adult males alone."]

(2)

Melilotus Messanensis— Oct 3d 1877

put glass more at ∠ to plant — but plant in same position ultimately

7° 48 Bright morning

8° 11 down

8° 30' down — I now put pot closer to see more clearly (in old place & made fresh dot at same time, but can be united in tracing — (Tracing had better begin here.)

9° greatly down

9° 15' down & a little to light

10 10' do do

11° 20' almost horizontal to light

11° 45' begun to rise a very little

12° 6 rising more

1 13° right up

1 55 from light

2°. 9' do

2° 25 down & parallel to up ─ line

2 40' gone back up & to light parallel to last line

3° right down.

3. 20 up.

3 40 up

4° 35 near close to edge under the clamp

day afternoon pretty uniform in light

(Used)

Oct 4th 6° 45' to 7° 45 Blue cross close to old Place

36

38

Chap. 8

are crossed, for each transmits the characters proper to its own male & female sex to the hybrid offspring of both sexes. The same fact is likewise manifest, when characters proper to the male occasionally become developed in the females when old or as soon as she grows old or becomes diseased; and so it is conversely with the male. So Again characters sometimes occasionally appear, as if they had been actually transferred from the male to the female, as when spurs appear in the young and healthy females of certain breeds of the fowl; but no doubt in truth they have simply become developed in the female; for will all in each breeds, each every detail of in the structure of the spur is transmitted through the female to her male offspring. In every all cases of Reversion, characters are transmitted during two, three or many more hundreds of generations, and are then developed under certain unknown, but favourable conditions. become. This distinction between transmission and development will be easiest kept in mind by the aid independently of the truth of the hypothesis of Pangenesis, whether not this be true or false.

According to this hypothesis every unit or cell of the body throws off gemmules or undeveloped atoms of the same nature, which are transmitted to the offspring of both sexes, and are multiplied by self-division. They may remain undeveloped during the early years of the life of the individual or during successive generations; their development into organic units

[Descent, pp. 279-80: "That they are present in both sexes, is manifest when two species, having strongly-marked sexual characters, are crossed, for each transmits the characters proper to its own male and female sex to the hybrid offspring of both sexes. The same fact is likewise manifest, when characters proper to the male are occasionally developed in the female when she grows old or becomes diseased; and so conversely with the male. Again, characters occasionally appear, as if transferred from the male to the female, as when, in certain breeds of the fowl, spurs regularly appear in the young and healthy females; but in truth they are simply developed in the female; for in every breed each detail in the structure of the spur is transmitted through the female to her male offspring. In all cases of reversion, characters are transmitted through two, three, or many generations, and are then under certain unknown favourable conditions developed. This important distinction between transmission and development will be easiest kept in mind by the aid of the hypothesis of pangenesis, whether or not it be accepted as true. According to this hypothesis, every unit or cell of the body throws off gemmules or undeveloped atoms, which are transmitted to the offspring of both sexes, and are multiplied by self-division. They may remain undeveloped during the early years of life or during successive generations; their development into units or cells, like those from which they were derived, depending on their affinity for, and union with, other units or cells previously developed in the due order of growth."]