RECORD: Darwin, C. R. 1878.07.02-.04 Melilotus officinalis / Draft of Cross and self fertilisation. CUL-DAR209.1.123. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 6.2022. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR209.1 contains materials on circumnutation of leaves and sleep for Darwin's book Movement in plants (1880).


[123]

Melilotus officinalis

July 2d

6.40

8˚ rises

9˚ fallen, but so oblique difficult to see

10 down ??

11 down & to right ??

(new leaf young filament transverse to terminal leaf

2.25 no

3 rises & to left little

4˚down

4.55 to right

6 down

7 15 up & to left

8 50 up & to left

1035 up.

3d 6˚48

8.15 down

9.5 up & back

10.3 do do

11.5 to left & little up

12 down

1˚ do

2˚ down & to right

3.9 a little down & to right

4.5 up & to left

5.15 down a little

6.12 a little up

7.20 a little up & back

5.50 not marked not asleep (tied interface with sleep movement)

4˚ 6˚45 [sketch]

8 30 right down

10.15 up & to left

(8 722

[excised] the flowers of the same

[excised] , find any is of great im-

[excised] it favours the cross-fert=

[excised] idividuals of the same species; but no one will

[excised] this manner for the good also

[excised] [pr]obably lies in insects being able

[excised] to work quicker; they hace

[excised] & in what direction to insert

[excised] on the same principle as

[excised] has to make half a dozen

[excised] one saves time by making con-

[excised] part for the whole. Insects,

[excised] much influence by habit in

[excised] we shall presently see that

[excised] practice of biting holes

[excised] so as to obtain the nectar in

[excised] )

[Cross and self fertilisation, pp. 319-40: "That insects should visit the flowers of the same species as long as they can, is of great importance to the plant, as it favours the cross-fertilisation of distinct individuals of the same species; but no one will suppose that insects act in this manner for the good of the plant. The cause probably lies in insects being thus enabled to work quicker; they have just learnt how to stand in the best position on the flower, and how far and in what direction to insert their proboscides.† They act on the same principle as does an artificer who has to make half-a-dozen engines, and who saves time by making consecutively each wheel and part for all of them. Insects, or at least bees, seem much influenced by habit in all their manifold operations; and
* As quoted in 'American Nat.' May 1873 page 270.
† Since these remarks were written, I find that H. Müller has come to almost exactly the same conclusion with respect to the cause of insects frequenting as long as they can the flowers of the same species: 'Bienen Zeitung' July 1876 page 182.
we shall presently see that this holds good in their felonious practice of biting holes through the corolla."]


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

File last updated 25 September, 2022