A

Cassia floribunda (over)

1877

July 9th 11°. 30.— rubbed with chalk & water at 90° ultimate & penultimate leaflet white wool on left side of leaflet, & put same quantity of water in watch glass. — The rubbing quite useless for water takes same form on greasy surface of both rubbed & unrubbed leave— the whole leaf pinned on board.—

[in margin:] N.B tried again with sponging with water at 90° no effect whatever

July 11th 8° 30 rubbed with pumice Black wool & water & finger bas the basal half of 3d leaflet from (z) apex & put distilled water on.

Leaves occasionally left dry, & so wd respire.

July 13th 8° 30' rubbed with pumice for longer time, but in same manner a leaf to see if injured

White Thread July 14 8° A.m. rubbed 2 other leaflets with pumice— (only one side of midrib. marked with white w)

Le July 17. 8°. 15' leaf with thread brown specks on each side of mid-rib & close to left margin of leaflet.— The ultimate leaflet a few brown marks on right side near margin— Put drops of water on the 3 leaflets. (See p. p. C)

July 18. 8° Pinned down 2 other leaflets see p. D & did nothing except put on water. 19th. (12 30') put water on terminal Leaflet.

[Av]

July 11'

Between bases of sub-petiole of leaflets a a papilla between each & its apical base large drop of nectar (tastes very sweet) secreted.

(z) July 20th (i.e. after 9 days) have a conspicuous & defined blackish brown mark where water lay & no where else; showing beyond doubt that water injures & decays plants.

(B

1877

Cassia floribunda (The leaflet was occasionally though rarely left dry.)

July 14th 8° A.m let free leaf which was pinned down on the 9th — (ie nearly 5 days ago) (At night on 15th the whole leaf was asleep showing not injured.) white wool

The anti-penultimate leaflet with many black & brown speckles

The penultimate with only a few black speckles (white wool) near mid-rib.

Black-wool. The leaflet which was rubbed with pumice on the 11th i.e 3 days ago, has now a largish space on one side of midrib— where the water generally rested over whole surface of leaf.

(C

July 18th 2'. '30

Cassia

on the Brown marks on all 3 leaflets where water lay 3 leaflets which had been rubbed with pumice & left dry for 3 days & on which water was placed on the 17th at 8°. 15 were now conspicuously browned (after about 30 hours, or I believe sooner for water was at first placed on wrong side of leaf) where before they showed no signs of having been rubbed. F. has made section epidermis crushed & injured & much browned, the chlorophyll in the palisade cells pulpy green. F. has looked at part of leaf where water did not lay, & at a leaf which I have just rubbed & the epidermic cells seemed injured. It is clear that the browning & rotting does not occur until water comes into contact with the abraded surface. Lower sides of the 3 leaflets not affected veins browned.—

There certainly is no appreciable amt of wax on upper surface of leaf.

(D

Cassia

July 20th 12°

One One of the 2 leaflets, ie the 2d from base or middle one which were pinned down on the 18th at 8° & were in no way ill-treated imply water being simply placed on it, is now slightly browned along the mid-rib.—

(July 24th no difference; except that surface is rather crumpled)

July 28th — brownish-black specks of all 3 leaves.)

[in margin:] At night went partially to sleep. July 31 well asleep. No difference, clear in starch in middle part & margin.

(July 30th 9° removed water from all 3 leaves & marked 2 with white wool & gave F. the 3d for searching for starch.— Of the 3 the basal one had mid-rib slightly brownish & freckled with a good many blackish-brown points — The intermediate.....

July 23d syringing with ether spray no effect)

Leaflet mid-rib— slightly brownish. The terminal one with mid-rib slightly brownish, & with few speckles of blackish-brown. I compared these 3 leaflets with many other & could see no brown along mid-ribs in any of them.—

(N.B. The leaflet on opposite side which was rubbed with pumice on 13th marked with thread which has large brown mark on it has not become brown all over, only where water rested.

Aug 2d. examined one of the basal leaflets, from which water removed on the 30th, & besides the blackish specks, there are numerous very pale brown spots, where the leaf is very rather transparent. There can be no doubt about the browning of the mid-rib. F. finds the epidermis browned on lower side, where it had rested on board & sometime damp. see QQQ

[D bis]

QQQ

Cassia

Brown colour chiefly confined to upper epidermis cells: there seems no injury to the chlorophyll. The lower surface epidermis is also brown especially about the midrib

There is some brown in the vessels—

[D bis v]

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Cassia—

The brown colour on the is confined to the epidermis cells, & is quite as strongly marked on the lower surface— of the leaf: the chlorophyll grains are not distinct so that some of the cells are full of homogenous green pulp; but this is also the case in parts of the leaf which are not brown.