[217]

Lupinus luteus Cot

position Horizontal glass Oct 16th

[data not transcribed]

(Used)

[217v]

70 82

[text excised]uch smaller size, are devoured

[text excised]believes that the males of al=

[text excised] same cause are exposed to

[text excised] females. Nevertheless in the few

[text excised]portional numbers of the sexes

[text excised]ales appear to be largely in ex=

[text excised]t, the superintendent of the Storm=

[text excised]s that in 1865, out of 70 sal=

[text excised]purpose of obtaining the ova, upwards

[text excised]867 he again "calls attention to

[text excised]the males to the females. We had

[text excised]n males to one female." Afterwards

[text excised]ared. He adds, "from the great

[text excised] are constantly fighting and tear=

[text excised]ning beds."*(Q) 53 (a) (text) Mr. H. Buckland

[text excised]curing the ova of trout that "it

[text excised]males preponderate very largely

[text excised]les. It invariably happens that

[text excised] is made to the net, there will

[text excised] males to one female found cap=

[text excised]count for this; either the males

[text excised]the females, or the latter seek

[Descent 1: 308: "M. Carbonnier,52 who has especially attended to the natural history of the pike (Esox lucius) states that many males, owing to their small size, are devoured by the larger females; and he believes that the males of almost all fish are exposed from the same cause to greater danger than the females. Nevertheless in the few cases in which the proportional numbers have been actually observed, the males appear to be largely in excess. Thus Mr. R. Buist, the superintendent of the Stormontfield experiments, says that in 1865, out of 70 salmon first landed for the purpose of obtaining the ova, upwards of 60 were males. In 1867 he again "calls attention to the vast disproportion of the males to the females. We had at the outset at least ten males to one female." Afterwards sufficient females for obtaining ova were procured. He adds, "from the great proportion of the males, they are constantly fighting and tearing each other on the spawning-beds."53 This disproportion, no doubt, can be accounted for in part, but whether wholly is very doubtful, by the males ascending the rivers before the females. Mr. F. Buckland remarks in regard to trout, that "it is a curious fact that the males preponderate very largely in number over the females. It invariably happens that when the first rush of fish is made to the net, there will be at least seven or eight males to one female found captive. I cannot quite account for this; either the males are more numerous than the females, or the latter seek safety by concealment rather than flight." He then adds, that by carefully searching the banks, sufficient females for obtaining ova can be found.54 Mr. H. Lee informs me that out of 212 trout, taken for this purpose in Lord Portsmouth's park, 150 were males and 62 females."]

[218]

Horizontal glass

Lupinus luteus Oct 16

Fresh plant

[data not transcribed]

(Used)

Fix stem of fresh P

[218v]

a special [text excised]

Sir A. Smith in describing an antelope of S. Africa*([P])

(Kobus ellipsiprymnus), remarks, that in the herds of this and other species, the males are few in number compared with the females: the natives believe that they are born in this proportion; others believe that the younger males are expelled from the herds, and Sir A. Smith says, that though himself has never seen herds consisting of young males alone, others affirm that this does occur such occur. It appears probable that the young males when first expelled from the herd, would at first be likely to fall a prey to the many beasts of prey of the country.

[Descent 1: 305: "Sir A. Smith, in describing an antelope of S. Africa43 (Kobus ellipsiprymnus), remarks, that in the herds of this and other species, the males are few in number compared with the females: the natives believe that they are born in this proportion; others believe that the younger males are expelled from the herds, and Sir A. Smith says, that though he has himself never seen herds consisting of young males alone, others affirm that this does occur. It appears probable that the young males when expelled from the herd, would be likely to fall a prey to the many beasts of prey of the country.
43 'Illustrations of the Zoology of S. Africa,' 1849, pl. 29."]

[219]

Oct. 16th

Lupinus luteus

Old leaf with stem tied on vertical glass

[data not transcribed]

(Cotyledons rise to the eye)

Tomato Cot almost close Ipomœa open?

Used

[219v]

89 77

Chap. 8

is well known that if a virgin Lasiocampa quercus or Saturnia carpini be exposed in a cage, vast number of males will collect round her, and if confined in a room will even come down the chimneys to her. into rooms, where she is confined. Mr. Doubleday believes that he has seen from fifty to a hundred males of both these species attracted in the course of a single day by a female in under confinement. Mr. Trimen exposed in the Isle of Wight a box in which a female of the Lasiocampa had been confined on the previous day confined, and five males were soon strenuously endeavoured to gain admittance. M. Verreaux in Australia having placed the female of a small Bombyx in a box in his pocket, and he was followed by a crowd of males, so that about 200 entered the house with him*63 (Y)

Mr. Doubleday has called my attention to Dr. Staudinger's* 64 (z) list of Lepidoptera, which gives the prices of the males and females of 300 species or well-marked [text excised]

[Descent 1: 311-12: "It is well known that if a virgin Lasiocampa quercus or Saturnia carpini be exposed in a cage, vast numbers of males collect round her, and if confined in a room will even come down the chimney to her.
Mr. Doubleday believes that he has seen from fifty to a hundred males of both these species attracted in the course of a single day by a female under confinement. Mr. Trimen exposed in the Isle of Wight a box in which a female of the Lasiocampa had been confined on the previous day, and five males soon endeavoured to gain admittance. M. Verreaux, in Australia, having placed the female of a small Bombyx in a box in his pocket, was followed by a crowd of males, so that about 200 entered the house with him.63
Mr. Doubleday has called my attention to Dr. Staudinger's64 list of Lepidoptera, which gives the prices of the males and females of 300 species or well-marked varieties of (Rhopalocera) butterflies."]