[403a]

Vicia faba

Dec 18 Bean — Plumule tied, tip not out of seed (a good way below surface & after fixing filament, curved up, but leaving filament free

(The first great movement seem to be the usual course of a [trace] of basal half of stem)

[data not transcribed]

[403bv]

more magnified

[data not transcribed]

(Used)

[403av and 403br]

19

Chap VII

forms of man kept distinct when they were mingled together in the same country in large numbers, as do like ordinary species, he would immediately discover that this was by no means the case. In Brazil he would behold an immense mongrel population of Negros of Portuguese; in Chiloe & other parts of South America, he would behold the whole population consisting of Indians & Spaniards mingled blended in various populations degrees. 15*(16) In many parts of the sane Continent he would meet with the most complex crosses between Negros, Indian & Europeans; & such triple crosses afford the severest test, judging from the vegetable Kingdom, of the mutual fertility of the parent-forms. In one island of the Pacific he would find a small population of mingled Polynesian & English blood; & in the Viti Archipelago a population of

[Draft of Descent 1: 224-5: "On the other side of the question, if our supposed naturalist were to enquire whether the forms of man kept distinct like ordinary species, when mingled to gether in large numbers in the same country, he would immediately discover that this was by no means the case. In Brazil he would behold an immense mongrel population of Negroes and Portuguese; in Chiloe and other parts of South America, he would behold the whole population consisting of Indians and Spaniards blended in various degrees.15 In many parts of the same continent he would meet with the most complex crosses between Negroes, Indians, and Europeans; and such triple crosses afford the severest test, judging from the vegetable kingdom, of the mutual fertility of the parent-forms. In one island of the Pacific he would find a small population of mingled Polynesian and English blood; and in the Viti Archipelago a population of Polynesians and Negritos crossed in all degrees."]

[404]

(1

New Bean Dec. 20th Bean— Bent tip of filament Deeply buried, cleared away earth & tied tip of plumule which was not out seed with silk very firmly to basal half — then covered up with crumbly earth, leaving minute hollow

Left Plant Further (New)

[data not transcribed]

(dec 21)

(Used)

(See next paper)

[404v]

18

Chap VII

We have now seen that a naturalist might feel himself fully justified in ranking the races of man as distinct species; by finding from having found that they were distinguished by many & various differences, in constitution & structures, some being of apparent importance & having some being of apparent importance, in structures & constitution, & that their differences had remained nearly constant are nearly for very long periods of time. He would also have been influenced by the enormous range of man, which is a great anomaly in his class.

he be [text excised] Our naturalist

[bottom half of page excised]

[Descent 1: 224: "We have now seen that a naturalist might feel himself fully justified in ranking the races of man as distinct species; for he has found that they are distinguished by many differences in structure and constitution, some being of importance. These differences have, also, remained nearly constant for very long periods of time. He will have been in some degree influenced by the enormous range of man, which is a great anomaly in the class of mammals, if mankind be viewed as a single species. He will have been struck with the distribution of the several so-called races, in accordance with that of other undoubtedly distinct species of mammals."]

[405]

(2

Dec. 21'

New Bean Plant

(Before removing Plant from under glass base the beans & see what great movement means)

[data not transcribed]

Dec. 22

(Used)

[405v]

16

Chap VII

may might be justly urged that the perfect fertility, if established, of the intercrossed races of man, when intercrossed ought not absolutely to preclude us from ranking them as distinct species.)

(Independently of the question of fertility, the nature or the character of the offspring from a cross has sometimes been thought to afford evidence whether the parent-forms ought properly to be ranked so species or varieties;

[text excised] evidence

[bottom half of page excised]

[Descent  1: 223: "From these several considerations, it may be justly urged that the perfect fertility of the intercrossed races of man, if established, would not absolutely preclude us from ranking them as distinct species.
Independently of fertility, the character of the offspring from a cross has sometimes been thought to afford evidence whether the parent-forms ought to be ranked as species or varieties; but after carefully studying the evidence, I have come to the conclusion that no general rules of this kind can be trusted."]

[406]

[Two fragments pasted together]

Dec. 26 Bean end of plumule at ∠' to basal half [sketch]

[data not transcribed]

(used)

[406v]

Chap VII

the work 9*(9) of a cautious & p[text excised]

observer, Dr. Paul Broca; & in [text excised]

find, good evidence that some r[text excised]

fertile together; but that in regard to [text excised]

not be affirmed with certainly [text excised]

has been said that Australian & Tasminian [text excised]

produce children to European m[text excised]

evidence on this head has now been [text excised]

almost valueless. The half-cast[text excised]

[text excised]

[Descent 1: 220: "He might consult the work9 of a cautious and philosophical observer, Professor Broca; and in this he would find good evidence that some races were quite fertile together; but evidence of an opposite nature in regard to other races. Thus it has been asserted that the native women of Australia and Tasmania rarely produce children to European men; the evidence, however, on this head has now been shewn to be almost valueless. The half-castes are killed by the pure blacks; and an account has lately been published of eleven half-caste youths murdered and burnt at the same time, whose remains were found by the police.10
9 'On the Phenomena of Hybridity in the Genus Homo,' Eng. translat. 1864.
10 See the interesting letter by Mr. T. A. Murray, in the 'Anthropolog. Review,' April, 1868, p. liii. In this letter Count Strzelecki's statement, that Australian women who have borne children to a white man are afterwards sterile with their own race, is disproved. M. A. de Quatrefages has also collected ('Revue des Cours Scientifiques,' March, 1869, p. 239) much evidence that Australians and Europeans are not sterile when crossed."]

[Proof sheet of Forms of flowers, 167.]

[407]

Total 8 7/8 inches Bean

[data not transcribed]

(Used)

[407]

[Proof sheet of Forms of flowers, p. 169.]