(2

Cotyledons— Sleep of

(Used)

Lotus Jacobœus Linn.

Dec. 13 Cots rise a little, but not enough to deserve to be called sleep. (a) (over)

Dec. 16 Cots rise considerably so as perhaps to be called sleep.

Lotus ornithopopoides, Cots. sleep that is rise up considerably

Solanum palinacanthum S. Brazil:

Dec. 13th during day in Hot-House Cots horizontal at 10° P.m, formed angle together of 125° [calculation], so that each had risen 27°. 30'. I kept another pot in study for 3 days, but angles of Cots. varied so much at different times, either from light or temp, that I cd not make out any rule.— Nothing deserving to be called sleep.— Next morning on my chimney piece (Dec. 14th) 7° a.m the 2 Cots formed together angle of 62°, or each or 59° above Horizon) so had each had risen during dark of night very considerably; each cot. had risen 31° 30' [calculation] compared with what each stood at 10° P.m, viz 27° 30'. At 4° & 4° 30' P.m

Dec. 14th the 3 plants in this pot (& 2 in other pot we protected from light which came in only from vertically above) all the Cots. horizontal, so I may safely infer rise at during night steadily.—

62 [+] 59 [+] 59 [=] 180

Entoca viscida — Dec. 13 no signs of sleep — Dec 16th no sign of sleep

Mesembryanthemum tricolor Dec. 13 no signs of sleep (ordinary Cots.) Dec. 16th do.

Sedum Maximowiczii Dec. 13th no signs of sleep. Dec. 23d do. 2 seedlings

Reseda odorata Dec. 16th (only 1 seedling) the 2 Cots almost closed, i.e. sleep

Dec. 17 several seedlings Cots. considerably raised, but far from closed.

Dec 18 During afternoon the Cots formed together an angle rather above right

at 10° P.m. angles of several seedlings much smaller. Change certain.—

Dec. 23 These seedlings when older do not go to sleep.

[2v]

(a) L. Jacobœus — several seedlings with true leaf well developed have cots. at 10° P.m. almost Vertical & as well closed as is possible owing to presence of the true leaves.—

March 31 Two pots were sown with L. Jacobœus seed & observed by Frank & self several weeks ago & Cots. did not go to sleep; so that I thought false seed had been sent me; one of the pots was kept & now all the cots. of all the old seedlings, some with large true leaf rise up so as to form less than 90° together whereas in midday they stood at angle of 180°— This worth investigating.—

April 10th These Cots in this same pot still rise up greatly at night & are horizontal in days; they bear 5 or 6 leaves & are 3 inches in Height

(Used) (Used)

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Cotyledons— Sleep of

Nov. 27th 1877 10.15' P.m

Loasa lateritia, (?) 2 seedlings which I believe belong to this sp. elevate considerably but do not actually close their cots.

Nov. 27. 1877 10° 15' P.m

Lotus ornithopopoides (?)1 seedling believed to be this plant, elevate very considerably cots. so as almost to be called sleep.

Iberis umbellata

Dec. 2d 10° P.m. only 4 seedlings no pla signs of sleep

Dec. 5. The 2 or 3 seedlings are now grown pretty tall, but with no trace of true leaves, & I can see 10° P.m. no signs of sleep.—

Nicotiana rustica

Dec. 2d 10° P.m 2 or 3 seedlings, I think petioles in contact, but Cots not much or at all raised.)—

(Dec. 2d 3rd 10° 15' P.m. 2 seedlings which had their bases of Cots apart this morning now has them in contact; though of one seedling the petioles are bowed & then meet in upper part:

Dec. 4th noon the bases of the cots. of these 2 seedlings are now a little apart.)—

Dec. 16th The Cots do show as if asleep.

[in margin:] I may say a trace of sleep

Pentstemon (var. Mr. Moore) no signs of sleep

Datura stramonium (only 1 seedling & sickly, no evidence of Sleep.—

5

Nov 14'

Cress No plain evidence of sleep in the tripartite cots, but the petioles which are rather long approach each other, & this will protect the growing axis in centre— Stems do not bend to rubbed side.—

Nov. 15 now plants a day older the petioles do not approach each other at night viz at 9°. p.m.

Nov. 15 Radish 13 seedlings which opened their cotyledons today Nov 15' now 9° P.m present a very different appearance, as the Cots approach each other & stand nearly upright.

I think it very likely that mustard did so the first day.

16th 8° 30' This morning cots. in the most conspicuous manner open.

Sida cordifolia (?) corylifolia? yes no signs of sleep — is not this a plant bush which sleeps? .69 .58/100 8/100

Nolana prostrata do.

Papaver somniferum do.

Parsley Nov. 22d 1 seedling had cots. almost fully expanded during day. At about 8° 30' P.m they were thus far [sketch] apart. At 10° 20' P.m they almost shut, the tips thus far apart 8/100 [sketch]

Next morning. (23d) at 6° 45' when hardly light they were fully expanded with tips, thus far apart. [sketch] (More than 7 times apart)

Cotyledons not irritable after repeated slight scratching with needle. (over)

Certainly went to sleep. (over)

[5v]

Nov. 29. 10° P.m. the same plants, the Cots. do not look at all asleep.

(Parsley Nov. 25' 10° 25' P.m the same raising of Cots as last night, except the one older plant which had been chiefly observed.)

Parsley, continued. Nov. 23d at 10° 40' P.m. not at all closed; but Cotyledons raised up to a considerable angle; Nov 24' 7° a.m, fully expanded.

Nov. 24th 10° 15' P.m. The same older or first plant with the 2 Cots forming an angle of about 60° together, ie 30° from vertical & had therefore each had risen 60° above horizontal position.— Seven other plant with cots. forming about same angle together, some of which had been horizontal or nearly so during the day. Next morning Nov. 25' 7° A.m. Cots. manifestly more open.— Whether to call this sleep I know not, must protect considerably from radiation.

[6]

Carrot & Celery (of latter only 1 seedling) no signs of sleep. Dec. 29' do

Cl Celery (Dec. 29). the Cots during mid-day were horizontal, & at 10° P.m, the two formed together, as carefully as I cd measure angle of 58°, so that each had risen 61° above Horizon, or 29° from vertical. 61 / 90

Dec 27 Trifolium pratense?? — Cots: do not sleep — Easily wetted, no bloom

25 [+] 4 [=] 29

[6v]

58 [÷] 2 [=] 29 from vertical

90 [-] 29 [=] 61° above horizon

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119 [-] 70 [=] 49 102 [-] 66 [=] 36

Datura stramonium (1 seedling) Dec. 16' 10 P.m the 2 Cots formed angle together of 70°; ie 35 55 from vertical = 55° above Horizon

on 17th at 12° 50', & 2° 25' & 4° 30' the angle was 102°; 51° from vertical — 39° above Horizon at 10° P.m. the angle was 66°.— 33° of vertical

(Dec 18' at 4° P.m, angle was 104° at 10° 15 P.m 69-70°) 35° fr vertical & 55 ab Horizon

Next morning 20th at 7° 30' a.m angle was 119°) 59° 30' — or 31 ° 31' above hr

It is clear that cots: close considerably to during early night & open early in morning

[calculation not transcribed] I can easily calculate angles.—

Orange Gourd Dec. 22d at 4° 10' P.m. the 2 Cots of young seedlings formed ∠ of 60° together— at 10° P.m. the lower 3/4 were closely shut & parallel, but with their tips for above 1/4 of length slightly reflexed — good sleep. at 7° a.m. Dec 23d Cots well apart.

(Used)

8

April 2d

Schizopetalon Walkeri (Cruciferae) the linear bipartite cots, rise up considerably & may doubtfully be said to sleep.

(1) Glaucium luteum— do not sleep— no bloom on them.

Amaranthus caudatus (Ap. 4') at noon Cots of young seedlings opened that day at about rt ∠' to each other — at 10°. 15' P.m so nearly closed as to deserve being called asleep, & some quite closed. Many seedlings— next morning well open

2 Helianthus annuus— (Ap 4th) do not close enough, to be called asleep.

2 Gypsophila paniculata (Ap. 5)

3 Myosotis alpestris} no signs of sleep.

4 Calandrinia discolor. (Ap. 6) do.— do..

5 Antirrhinum majus Ap. 7 do do

6 Armeria cephalotus do do do.

7 Nicotiana macrophylla. do— do do April 14th confirmed

Virginian tobacco Ap. 14 —do. do

8 Balsam (Ap 10) do do

9 Hibiscus trionum trispidens (Ap. 12) do. do

Cocks-comb (D I think I have examined before under foreign name Ap. 12th, a good elevated but not enough to be called sleep.

Nicotiana glauca. no signs of sleep— Ap. 15th no bloom on cotyledon

10 Helianthemum vulgare.— do.— do.

11 Campanula macrantha (Ap. 17')

12 Sycamore} no signs of sleep.

13 Dracocephalum Austriacum. do.

Calystegia Dahurica. cots. a good deal elevated but not enough to be called sleep

14 Trichosanthes cohibrina (Cucurb.) Cots. thick & fleshy like Hypogean, do not move.

15 Beech— (Fagus) does not sleep

16 Erysimum Perofskianum (May 24th) no signs of sleep

17 Epacris Hybrida (do) (do)

Oxalis rosea (May 25) Cots close completely & shut 10° 30' P.m: certainly not at all sensitive.

18 Euphorbia variegata. (do)Cots. rise considerably, but do not shut enough to be said to sleep

19 Mimulus zilangus (do) no sign of Sleep— —

Cerinthe retorta Cots. do not shut but rise greatly considerably or Ketorta

9

Sleep of Cotyledons

1 Pelargonium zonale (July 29th) no sign of Sleep

Viscaria oculata 10° P.m Jun 24th; Cots. considerably raised, but not vertical or asleep nearly

Echium creticum do do do— do— do

2 Hollyhock (Althæa?) do. do.— No sign of Sleep.

3 Leptosiphon androsaceum. (25th) do

Salvia amabilis (do) Coty. raised— not vertical or asleep

— Indica (do) (Yes) 27th do. do. do.

Globularia vulgaris (Selaginaceæ ) Jun 26th Cots. somewhat raised— not vertical, not asleep

Centranthus macrosiphon (Valerianaceæ) 26th Cots do. do. do

Androsaca cononopifolia (Primulaceæ) 26th Cot. do. do. do

Microsporia bartonioides (Larsaceæ) 26th Cot do. do. do

Linum berlandieri Linaceæ 26' Cot. very much raised, but not vertical.

— — 27th. Several Cots were quite horizontal about noon & in afternoon, & by 10° P.m. the 2 Cots formed together an angle of 115°, so that each had risen 32' 30.—

Thunbergia alata (Jun 28') only 1 seedling Cots. raised considerably a little

Marvel of Perus (28' 1 seedling I believe much closed — Cots. considerably raised Cots. unequal as one overlaps the other in breaking through the ground like cabbage; both Cots. stand vertical though not in close contact—

Loasa hispida Jun 29. 7° 45'

Arabis alpina do do} no sleep.

Jasione perennis (July 3d) do

Geranium Ibericum do do. The petioles at night stand stood about 10° nearer than at day, & the cots: rose from 12° above horizon to 27° ie rose 15°

Limnanthes Douglasii (July 6) Cots. raised, but not asleep

Melianthus major (do) no signs of sleep.

Passiflora inornata (7) do

Wigandia imperialis do. do.

Calliandra sp.? S. Brazil — July 19' Cots considerably raised but not asleep.

Bauhinia sp. S. Brazil. 20th Cots in midday open to rather less than rectangles at 10° P.m almost vertical, but not shut. They do not seem at all sensitive.

(22d night the on 2 cots formed angle at 4° 30' P.m together of 59° & at 10° 30' P.m. of only 27° so that they had approached each other by 32° & each had risen 16°

Not shut so do not deserve to be said to sleep.— [calculation not transcribed]

10

Nov. 8th 1878.

Amaranthus retroflexus (said to sleep) Cots, not much more move if at all more closed

than during the day —

Nov. 10th at noon Cots horizontal, not perceptibly perceptibly raised at 10° P.m

(1) Nov. 10. 1878 Chenopodium album (said to sleep) Cots. of quite young seedlings at noon at about right angles & at 10° P.m at about same angle.— The young leaves do sleep

(2) Nesæa verticillata (Nov. 10th. 1878) Cots: (believed to be this plant) not at all asleep at 10° P.m.—

Primula auricula (Nov. 12') not sleep

Siebeckia orientalis (Nov. 14) about 2 days old leaves said to sleep — Hori Cots. horizontal at noon; at 10°. 25' P.m the cots form about a rectangle with petioles in contact.

Nov 15th 7° a.m, the Cots are still at right-angles, or perhaps judging by eye a little more closed.

(add 3 to number of seedlings observed)

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1 Wahlenbergia gracilis (May 29th) no sleep

2 Crambe cordifolia do no sleep

3 Adlumia cirrhosa. (31) do. (Two Cots as usual)

Cobæa scandens (June 2) Cots considerably raised but not closed or vertical

4 Lantana hybrida (June 2) (no sleep

5 Calampelis scabra (do) do.—

Abronia avenaria— One Cot, with only a scarcely visible prominence

Jun 4th representing the rudiments in former species. By looking along Epi of Hypocotyl opposite the developed Cot. a slight prominence can just be seen— Base of Hypocotyl enlarged as in last species (a)

Acanthus Candelabrum & spinosus. The opposite leaves which break through ground are of equal size with petioles straight & their laminae are turned inwards & those of opposite leaves in apposition & these make wedge.—

6 Bignonia stans (June 4') no sleep

7 Martynia fragrans (do) do. —

Oxalis floribunda (June 5) a seedling several days (2 pairs) old & 2 which opened only yesterday, have their cotyledons hanging vertically down!!! what country from? Petioles very long [illeg] hypocotyl, but then do not move it is junction of XX

(I see that Ox. rosea also has Cots— down. did I mistake before? No bloom not sensitive

This has now little true leave asleep in normal fashion. It is certain that I mistook from not having used lens— Cd I have mistaken about O. Valdiviana?)

[in margin:] no Bloom

XX of leaflet with top of which bends: — no bloom on either side; not sensitive

Night of 6th the Cot. of O. rosea splendidly asleep & vertically down: I must have some dates when these seedlings first appeared.

I thought that depression of Cots in O. rosea floribunda might be connected with long petioles, so as to protect central bud, but petioles are not much elongated in very young seedlings; nor are they long in old seedlings of O. rosea, of which the Cots are depressed. Must be to protect them from radiation.—

8 Jacaranda Mimosæfolia June (5) do not sleep.

[12v]

(Jun 13' examined 2 more Ab. arenaria— at first the rudimentary Cot, is near to base of developed cot. but the petiole of latter grows rapidly in line of Hypocotyl from which it cannot be distinguished, so that ultimately the rudiment is half-way down between the seed & the Cot. itself. In the 2d specn the rudimentary Cot was only a little over 1/100 of inch in length & easily overlooked.)

(a) Abronia arenaria the rudiment consists of a little thin rounded free flap or leaflet flap about 1/60' of an inch in length, & with edge covered with glands, of tips, lies close on Hypocotyl so that hardly visible without dissection.

5th Acanthus candelabrum candelabrum in 2d spec. a wide difference in size of the 2 leaves, the larger & green one being arched the shorter one, straight & yellow so very variable in charcter of first pair of leaves!!! In a 3d & 4th specimen nearly equal, with petiole of taller one more bowed.— In a 5th one leaf is to its fellow in height as 4 to 3

In no 3°, 4° & 5 the relative height of the 2 opposite Cots leaves, shown by these dots

Nat. Selection cd soon reduce 1 Cot leaf if advantageous. {[sketches] .76 to .63

June 11th A 6th Seedling — A. candelabrum the 2 leaves in following proportion carefully measured 9 time as long x It consisted of a yellowish white hairy style or cone, & no not looking at all like true leaf

Acanthus latifolius (Jun 7th) taller leaf, green & arched at right angles.

Shorter one, straight & yellow — Difference [sketches] in length shown, the taller one being straightened

do (June 11) 2d spec.— → [sketches] 3 1/2 times as long

do do 3d. spec → [sketches]

[13]

Collinsia violacea (March 13th) Cots not enough closed to be called asleep

2 Brachycorne iberifolia (do) — Cots do not sleep.

3 Bartonia aurea (March 15) do. do

Escholtzia californica (do) Each Cots deeply divided int 2 needle-like leaves: at midday the apices of the opposite cots were more than twice, (or only about 1/3 more distant) as distant from one another than at 10°. 30' P.m. So make some approach to be asleep, for during the day they stand highly inclined

4 Grammanthes gentianoides— no sign of sleep March 16th

5 Collomia coccinea— at day cots. horizontal; at night at rt ∠ or even less 16'

March 17' It is a mistake — about Collomia— do not sleep at all or close much.

6 Sida — young plant few inches high— no signs of sleep

Cassia nodosa (March 17) Cots. thick & fleshy, do not move after being rubbed. Certainly does not go to sleep.— (Used)

(Abronia umbellata (Nyctyginaceæ ) Only 1 Cot. with rudiments of 2d — a very interesting gradation between Orange & Cyclamen. Comes up bowed, but I do not yet know which part bowed. (a)

Frank Length of rudimentary Cot. 118 or 1/84th of inch = .3 mm.

(March 23' the apex of Cot. certainly points perpendicularly downwards, as soon as the arch rises above ground, but within the seed & whilst this is opening the apex of infolded blade of Cot. points upwards & lies parallel to descending legs of arched Hypocotyl.)

7 Viola tricolor (March 18') no signs of Sleep.—

8 Lobelia pumila

2 do. do.—

9 Clintonia pulchella (March. 22) do. do

10 Geum coccineum (do) do. do'

11 Morina longifolia March 28' do. do.

12 Browallia elata do: do.

13 Helwingia. —? Sep. 23d. do. do