RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [ny.00].14-17. Geological specimens, descriptions and calculations. CUL-DAR39.141-146. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 8.2022. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR39 contains Geological notes on South America.

"Miller, William Hallowes, 1801-80. Mineralogist and crystallographer. 1832-70 Prof. Mineralogy Cambridge after Whewell. 1836 M helped CD with examination of rock specimens from Beagle. 1838 FRS. 1859 M and CD corresponded on structure of cells of honeybee comb. CCD7. 1843 M mentioned in Extracts...on the analogy of the structure of some volcanic rocks with that of glaciers, F1670." (Paul van Helvert & John van Wyhe, Darwin: A Companion, 2021)


(1

Spec 1960 [calculations] Cop Therefore Hornblende

(Spec 1059) [calculations] Therefore Hornblende

I should call this rock intermediate between Feldspar & phonolite Specimen 990

(2

(Specimen 64) [calculations] (Real angle being 92º.55 87.5) ∴ augite

(Specimen 65) 115 18 [calculations] Therefore Augite Cop

(Specimen 59) [calculations]

(3

(Saturday)

(Specimen 953) Obtained angle of 55º Therefore Hornblende

(Spec 59) [calculations]

[calculations] Twin crystal of augite Miller ­ copied

(Specimen 1865) 40. [calculations] cop Therefore Epidote Cryst of Epidote is 115º.30'

(4

Tuesday 17th

(Specimen 140) [calculations]

[calculations] The 116º.30' was gained by omitting one plane taking two brightest Cop

Specimen 2252 Hornblende ∠ 127º15' Cop

Specimen 2273 ∠ 109º. What is this?

[5]

ascertained M. Hornblende [calculations]

[calculations] lath with most care yet wrong

Specimen 938

Angle +55º Cop

& + 125º 15 (strike>bad obser)

another fragment 54.18 (bad Observ)

Specimen (323) black cryst 52.50+ Cop

bis 125º+ 2d fragment

(6

(All copied on this one page cop)

3256 Bad obser. gave 86º prob. albite

3113 angle 90. twice over ∴ Feldspar within 15' minutes or opposite sides a 3d fragment gave 90º.— no doubt F.}

3830. — ∠ 54º ∴ Hornblende Black glittering rock, quality of F. very small.

3831 — 55º30' Hornblende—

I cannot anyhow measure the Feldspar, appear white like albite

3112.—black cryst 55º ∴ Hornblende

2079. well formed jet black fine cryst of Hornblende

(55º30').— many scales of mica, vein of quartz. cryst of albite. angles three. (95º. 95' 20' 94º. 40???)

two maclas however were 7º15' & 6º25'. ∴ albite.— numerous specks of pyrites heavy compact rock coarsely crystallize

(7

962. Numerous scales of dark how mica. do. glittering cryst of Hornblende (124º30') no grains of quartz.— white feldspar.— three darker specimen. (94º.45'. 94º.25' 85º.18')! vide last specimen

1 960 very numerous large scales of black mica few cryst of Hornblende black (125º) base foliated & granular snow white F. angles 93º.48' 86º.38' 94º.30' and a macla 7º.20' all distinct fragments no quartz albitic

2258 Hornblende 55º/ but few good cryst nearly black, generally in small patches imperfectly crystalise & greenish passes into earthy soft specks appearing like chlorite.— very numerous minute grains of quartz ascertained by B.P. — a main mass of white albite, one angle 93º.20 & macla 7º.6'

995 one angle (poor) 93º.6' (another bad 92º.54') another angle 86º.48' therefore albite (125º Hornblende) the latter thickly scattered in small black brilliant crystals whole mass dark grey granular like syenite: very few scale of dark brown mica: I could see no quartz

(8

994. appear just same as 995

2653 (felspar not very white V 2882) White foliated almost granular so as to pass into nature of base of porph.— one angle gave 90º and another 85º so that more must be examined

Most numerous small scale of black mica & obscure specks of Hornblende: no quartz no doubt green striated Hornblende from resemblance to following mineral

2607. Hornblende not very abundant cryst 125º: ∴ much black mica in large scales.— white felspar well crystallized but slightly glassy & difficult to obtain good cleavage plain. I obtained following angle 85º 90º 90º 95º 15 (90º.6' 89º42) 87º.51'—

I then obtained following angles 180º 91º15' 98.30' the macla measured more carefully  6º.44'

Feldspar and albite

Miller says probably Albite

(V. 2887. I think very probably also Feldspar)

(9

2912 Albite (83.54) (86º30' pretty good) (92º30' poor) (93º18' pretty good) (85º18' poor) Hornblende pale green, not distinctly crystallized but disseminate in small patches, so as to make rock mottled.— crystals of F. many of them elongated & glassy.—

2932. — common coarsely crystall greenstone. I cannot obtain cleavage.—

2882 crystallized whitish mass, not very perfectly granular; some with faintest tinge of red, & rather opake, good cleavage 90º20'.— others more glassy & transparent with following angles 87º.— 0.º 172º.42' 87º.45 Therefore we have a macla of 7º.18.' & the two usual angles of albite — Then the scattered crystals in patches of black brilliant Hornblende 124º30'.— & green do. (as in former specimens) mingled with little fibrous chlorite.—

(10

2933 irregularly mingled granular crystallized black Hornblende and probably feldspar as well as Albite ∠ (90º33' good) (taking different parts of imago) (91. 40 and 90º) // (&, as before 85. 39 or 87º 2') (86º good) 94º 15' 93º30'—

3080.— brown mica. 2 soft green foliated mineral, intermediate between chlorite & Hornblende sometimes when [illeg] passes crystallize assume appearance of latter with about an equal quantity of Albite two maclas 8º 6' & 7º 9'

2906. well crystallized feldspar with tinge of pale red. (angle, 90º on both sides very good) (90º 14' good.) (89º 40' pretty good) and 75º perhaps mistake of 2 cryst) with very few irregularly scattered minute cryst of black Hornblende.—

3081 Confined crystallized mass. black Hornblende green micaceous mineral allied to that in (3080). & little white feldspar or more probably albite could not obtain cleavage.

(11

3067) Fine granule cryst mixture of small green crystals of Hornblende, appearing of mica & white probably albite. I only succeeded in one measurement which are poorish it gave 93º 50.

(12

Specimen (3071) (55º10' & 124.48) Therefore Hornblende, abounding with fine large crystals — — The feldspar I could not measure palate strewn green—

(2975) 86.48' 93.30 ∴ Albite coloured red elongated small

(2896) angles (0. (85.48 93.20) 0) therefore twin double crystals of albite.—

Spec 2408 angles 93º.45' (& 86º poor) (another angle 87º.14' poor) ∴ Albite

Spec 3289.) 1º86º: : 94º.15' = 86º15' 93º.45'} 1 fragment

86º 94º 94º 86º} 2 fragments Therefore albite

(13

3406) — angle 93º (not particularly good)

(3267) feldspar 90º (Galapagos) angle 90º.30', and again 89º.— no doubt feldspar

3472 — angle poor 77.15 and 104º.30' (latter best?) Compare with the diallage: externally closely resemble it

2902 — (59.17) natural planes fuses readily into black dark enamels swell so [illeg]

⸮ what is it? —

Specimen 3125 crystals of Hornblende cleav 124º.— I could not succeed with the Feldspar

3216: Porph with Albite ∠87º. & some wld appear Hornblende

3292 3292 angle 93º. ∴ Albite no such rock probably mistake for 2292

(14

(real t of albite 93.30 86.30

Specimen (2603) Scale of mica 60º 146º 59.18º — 60 + 94º copied + = 86.42 (latter best measurement) green palete feldspar albite strained green with black specks of Hornblende??

Specimen 2709 Cop angle 74.º 50' real angle 74.55º Therefore Carb of Lime

Specimen 2680 ∠74º.30 Cop Therefore Carb of Lime

Specimen 2255 4.30: 48º45' : 97º 142º.36 6º.6' 48.48 94º.20' + 141º6' 4º.30'

angles = 44.15 — 48.15: 45.36. 43º.30'

42.42 45.32 46.46 43º.24º

no doubt twin cryst of Augite Cop

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Specimen 2390; cavities lined with green earth,— glass Feldspar cleaving 86.º42' and 92º.40' Therefore Albite Cop

Spec 2757. / 85º.30' (bag)

(Specimen 3841. 3841)— 0.95.50

180 179.35 78.20. — (1.40 bad) — 78. 179º. 35V = 78.55, 103.20, 76.20 101.35 ??

(Prof Miller ∠78.26' 79.15 180.2') Prof Miller has it

Specimen 3895.— 0. 105º therefore Cala Spar.. Cop

(Sp 3455) 50º — 5 — 49º.9' + 135º - +44.9 Cop

(16

Same main specimen 34565)

122º15' (180) — 79.15 122.15 +137º 43º Therefore Augite (Cop)

3 2378. — red metallic tarnished mineral olivine. Transparent cryst gave angle about 95º.30'.

Chabasce has ∠ of 94º46' — agrees under blowpipe to act as do.­ Cop

3733 angle 90º Feldspar Cop

3736 looks so exactly same did not try Cop

3742. — angle 93º. 20' (mean) — Ascension ejected Volc

Porph gneiss from Rio ∠ 89º18'

another specimen from angler, all under a tree exactly 90. all under a few minutes difference

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Specimen 3247 112 85º

84º 11-92º diff fact.: observ worth nothing

94º 20' pretty good} 1

87.25 poor 93.15 good 87.46 poor 95 poor} 2

93º30' 86º 30 angle of Albite Therefore albite

2757 93º 38' 85º 45'} 1

93º 86 40} 2 Therefore albite


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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