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What is nature of strip of Mountain Limestone in N. Wales. was it reef. — I remember many Corals?? Breccia — Stratification?

Anomalous action of ocean. — at Ascension. (where occasionally most tremendous surf & loose sandy beach) deposits calcareous encrustations; At Bahia ferruginous. — At Pernambuco (great swell & turbid water) organic bodies protect like peat reef of sandstone. — Corals, & Corallina survive, in the most violent surfs: in both latter cases become petrified, & increase. — In Southern regions every rock is buoyed by Kelp, now Kelp sends forth branching

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roots which must protect surface: On hard exposed rocks near Bahia, whole surface to where highest spray (there pale green confervæ) coated with living beings; In smooth seas (& even turbulent as at St Helena) I have mentioned point of greatest action; I now having seen Pernambuco believe much is owing to protection of Organic productions. = Yet everywhere on coast (II Defonsos Kelp) rocks show signs of degradation; (soft substances worn into bare cliffs evident); the action is anomalous; It is wonderful to see Coral reef — or confervæ in the breakers or in waterfall: Excepting by removal of large fragments by mere force of waves: & action on upper tidal band, I do not

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see how to account for oceans power. — excepting when pebbles are brought into play; most manifest example of degradation I ever saw on beach near Callao. — From Sir. H Davy experiment on the copper bottom. we see a trifling circumstance determines whether an animal will adhere to a certain part. Apropos to question does animal adhere to rock because it does not decompose or vice versâ. Clay slates unfavourable to attachment of many bodies

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Give various cases

[Diagram] to advancing coast to Seaward

Retreating case in excess as first case.

When discussing Falkland soundings introduce this discussion.

Brazil bank: (& I believe SE coast of Madagascar where a 40 line runs at equal distance?) 1st cases

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Beechey. — changes in bottom in NW coast of America from shingle to sand &c &c.

P. 209. 211. 213. 444 Yanky edition

Shores of Pacifick, as compared to whole E. America. Africa. Australia - profoundly deep: a great fault or rather many faults.

Necessary form; as long as coast line fixed

[Diagram] Level of the Sea Slope*

*Slope necessary for seaward transportal of drift matter