RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [1835]. hand-drawn and water-coloured stratigraphical section map eastwards including Portillo range — Pampas. CUL-DAR44.33. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed and edited by John van Wyhe 2024. With thanks to Gordon Chancellor. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with the permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volume CUL-DAR44 contains maps of South America, plans, diagrams and geological sections etc. drawn by Darwin.

Seven pieces of 'COLLINS 1828' joined with four squares of wove paper and two pieces of blue chain-lined paper pasted on the versos, c.18x158cm.

See the introduction to the Geological Diary by Gordon Chancellor.


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[above sketch:] (W) | * Supposed 2500 above sea 2300 | Rio del Yeso to mouth must be 25 miles or 22 or 20 | This in part to be enlarged | San [Pedro] 10,000 ft above sea one league below junction of river. | Bends up to vertical | stet | Gypseous formations | (a  (a) 70º-80º | Sections N. I & II | {The Back mountain with fainter outlines | Red section nearly vertical | Underlined 70º | 1000 ft on scale | [4 words illeg] | Small anticlinal  (b) | W | No: 5 | a | Anticline | F 200 to 400 | Supposed to be 14000 ft to 15000 | Crest of Puquenes | a | B | C | (Z) | Synclinal lines | D | 45º | E | 45º | F | H | (?) | Too narrow | E

 (C) | Shorten this | 20º | (Sect. 7) | N.B. The intermediate district of the two ranges is too low with respect to the general height of section | [3 words illeg] lines high | N.B. This whole section must be from thrice to thrice too high in proportion to breadth. | Illustration sketch-section | Porphry | Porph: breccia? | 20º to East | Portillo range | (D)

 (D) | (Sect: 8) | Mica slate | East dip | (Sketch section) (Supposed to be taken on a east & west line [up] the Cordillera). | N. B Mica slate dips eas[t] | 3 Mica slate | (shorten this five miles) (shorten this ten feet) | 200 ft | Porph: breccia | Porphry | Porph | Porph.- 3500 ft | Assumed 3300 ft above the sea

[in sketch:] (Colour) | A | B | Porph: breccia | Granite | (J Mier) his height. | 40º | ⸮ Stratification not known | Porph. breccia  Granite | Syenitic greenstone | Porphry | 2000 ft thick | Porph: breccia | Stratification not known | Gypseous formations | ⸮ & [illeg] | Porphry | 45º | Porph: breccia | Gypsum | 300 to 400 | Sandstone | Gypsum | Sandstone | Gypseous formations neither exact superposition or stratification known | Limestone | O | Sandstone  Limestone | 1 Sandstone | (Q) Bl. limestone. | Gypsum (R) | Black limestone (S) (40) | Sandstone T | Sandstone T (2) | Black limestone S (2) | R (2) Gypsum | Black limestone (Q)(2) | Sandstone P(2) | Modern conglomerate Modern conglomerate | 15,000 to 20000 ft in thickness | 45º | Colored strata ? | Laminated sandstone | Quartz | Protogine | Granite | Protogine  Protogine | 300 to 400 ft 1500 ft from bottom of valley | Lava | Mica slate | Tufa | Tufa | Lava | Talus | Pampas

[inset pencil sketch:] 2500 ft | 40º | 14000 ft | Peak of Aconcagua 23000 ft.– | 14000 assumed height of greater number of peaks | 3500 | 1 foot to 60 Road over the crest Assumed 60 nautical miles as breath of Cordilleras from mouth of valley of Maypo to edge of Pampas 3500

[below sketch:] * | Syenitic greenstone | Granite | Altered slates next to the granite | Parts porphrys within stratification | Porph: breccia | Meyen bottom of valley 2000 above plains Tollo 3600 above sea | Trachyte? Pumice | (Black colour) | Junction of rivers of Valle del Yeso & Volcan 4000 to 5000 ft. (8 or 9 leagues from this junction to that of Colorado) | (1) | Trachyte | Little narrower | (Valley of Yeso) | C[uesta][illeg] | (E)  (W. C. del Indio)* | Los Indios | F | C. | (Black limestone clay-slate vertical) [several faint pencil words illeg] | 200 to 300 ft | G F | Rock fragments of feldspathic rock. | Basin valley | Valle del of Yeso 6000 to 7000 ft? flatter more level | (H) | (no 4)  B C Valle del Yeso | (Q) | K | Peuquenes & Rio Yeso shorten 5 miles, especially I see I make basin of Yeso 10 miles | (2 | (E) P | (3)  (W) | V | (this part narrower!) | V | V | W | X | 4 | Y | Z | (E)  (W) | Z | Las Arenales | Dikes. | Erupted after country assumed present form | Lava submarine much more concol-conformable | (NB I think ⅓ of inch to mile good scale & say one inch to 6000 ft) | (5) | Mica slate must end here | Granite coverd by mica slate 30 3a | [to miles for present section] | SW 70º | One inch to mile no doubt [bed] including [gypsum] | 300-600 ft. | 65 miles | (E)

[colour key:] 1 Granite & syenitic greenstone 2 Mica slate [no number] Altered clay-slate 3 Porphry 4 Porph: breccia 5 Micaceous sandstone 6 7 Red sandstone 8 Gypsum 9 Black limestone tuffs 10 Modern conglomerate 11 Lava 12 subærial, or 11 like such

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P 36 Make total section 65 miles to W face of porphyritic conglomerate; so that in the 65 the little hillocks are excluded-

Make from mouth of Maypu to Yeso & Volcan 18 miles it is now only 5, so that 13 are to be saved Save 6 between Portillo & eastern base, & 7 seven miles between Peuquenes & junction of Yeso & Volcan 

3/70 [=] 23


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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