[B64]

Morning Chronicle Thursday April 19th 1838

[Hudson's Bay Company Arctic Discovery Expedition, p. 3.]

In a report of "Hudsons Bay Company Arctic expedition under Mr Simpson but nowhere had the thaw penetrated more than two inches beneath the surface, while under water along the shore, the bottom was still not impenetrably frozen." – This however must have been in very shallow water as it is said they were no where in deeper water than 3 fathoms

 

Geological Journal Vol VIII p. 211 Body preserved in Ice for 90 years where temperature pace supposed to be + 1° [illeg]

p. 218 Masses of ice at bottom of sea

p. 220 "bottom of sea impenetrably frozen"

[Darwin cited this in pp. 625-626 Addenda: "Messrs. Dease and Simpson, during their late memorable journey along the shores of the Arctic ocean, speaking of one part (Geograph. Journal, vol. viii., p. 218) say, "The ice lay much closer here; and numerous masses adhered to the bottom, under the water, which obliged us to search a passage out from the shore." Further on (p. 220) they say, "But nowhere had the thaw penetrated more than two inches beneath the surface (of the land), while under water along the shore, the bottom was still impenetrably frozen." This was on the second of August. It should, however, be observed, that the sea along this part of the American coast is extremely shallow."

 

Darwin, C. R. 1839. Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe. Journal and remarks. 1832-1836. London: Henry Colburn.]

 

The Edin Phil Journ Jan 1838. account of increasing Densities of salt water after Captain Ross. - & above [illeg]