[B84]

Capt. Hunter. Voyage to Port Jackson p. 102. -says they met many ice islands. – "Many were half black, apparently with earth from the land to which they had adhered to else with mud from the bottom on which they had lain." supposed to have come from George or Sandwich

[B84v]

Ground Ice

Germany called grundeis.

Hales on "Vegetable Statics" & Plot on Oxfordshire" state that such is the case.

Former appears to have examined carefully M. Merian has observed it, says anchor & chain covered with ice. Hugi do "during many successive hours he observed ice to rise in great quantities from the Aar at Solerne" ice thus formed Hugi says very different. Another Professor at Strasbourg do. M. Duhamel in Seine when stream very rapid ice firmly adhering while water zero explains it owing to movement mingling water/ Mem Canal & why not all ice: is it because heat what be given.- Certainly if water all at zero, all could not be block of ice, then all water turned into steam. H Colonel Raucourt on the [river] at 41 ft depth, temperature at surface zero at bottom – 1. pieces of ice bought up coated with sand. H in water 26 ft deep ice six and eight inches thick soon detached, water there no current, ice separate crystals dull & light =

Journ of Nat. & G. Sc. Vol II p. 55 Capt Fiske

H Thompson Kirby Hall Boroughbridge