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Nov 4 1880

1)

3

Tame Worms

In Pot I sand with some bits of Verandah Tiles lately given them.

1) only one big rounded object concretion in the gizzard and pharynx together -Two bits of leaves (?)

(The larger concretion seem to be containing worn or dissolved almost smooth — for there are [some] slight hollows between bases of what were projecting crystals. The appearance is not of subsequently deposited concentric layers)

2 One big concretion in the gizzard, and 3 smaller ones either in gizzard or very beginning of intestine I cannot say which.

3) Two bits of tiles, with a lot of leaves The bits of tiles are not rounded, but are of a yellowish colour I cannot doubt from the action of digestive fluid or puric &c acids in intestinal canal, on same principle that grain of sand discoloured, & all the softer parts of the tile, (together with mechanical agitation) have those been removed & thus the light fragments have a corroded instead of worn appearance

Nov 9th 1880

(4) worm, killed by chloroform, (dissected by self) from near Hedge sand-walk — gizzard full of crumbled leaves & 2 specimen of same plant — shows how hard living made & infinitude of grain of sand, from extreme minuteness to 1/3 or 1/2 mm in diameter — some larger stones in intestine with 1/2 digested matter & few grains of sand — but in one part of intestine many grains of sand — part of content of intestine blackish. Contents of intest. canal — near anus, in middle & near gizzard all acid, but I am not sure the juice of body not acid

(5 & 6) Nov. 18th 2 large worms from sand-walk, killed by chloroform — in earth in gizzard or close to it, many grains of sand & some small stones.)

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Nov. 6. 1880

2)

Tame Worms being kept in study in Pot with common garden mold & plenty of leaves given them.)

(1) Gizzard full of leaves but no stones or concretions in it; The gizzard was cut off from the intestine before opening it

It seems to me there is a piece of intestine between the true gizzard & the glandular walled intestine. In this place I found one small tile-bit. In the true intestine, near the beginning a large bit & lower down some bits entangled in leaf-particles.

Contents of intestine yellow from decayed cabbage & containing quantities of remains of leaves. These 3 bits of tile from intestine the same yellowish colour; & corroded or pitted appearance as those before observed

(2) 3 concretions and a bit of tile in muscular gizzard; the bit of brick was crunched by the scissors — & I believe cut in half the other half being in the their walled part of gizzard with one more concretion (put near edge of pot)

(see back)

(3) Small worm — minute bit of coal no stones or concretions in gizzard, or in a good piece of intestine examined —

(4) Do. do two minute bits of coal put in pot 3 — Intestine not examined

(5) Do Do no coal even: opened intestine near anus where the contents looked brown, & found fine pulpy

58V

3 cases of discoloured tile

(3) The tile as before — The 4 concretions — 3 extremely minute — all crystallized with crystal projecting.

(4) Coal not a bit removed

59

3)

Worm gizzard stones in

(5) worm from same place as (4) — in gizzard packed with bits of leaves no stone, but some grains of sand — may be accidental — close beneath gizzard in canal a beautiful concretion. Oesophagus also packed with bits of leaves — I saw no grains of sands contents slightly acidic — contents of gizzard & upper part of intestine plainly acid.

The milky fluid in glands before gizzard consist of millions of spheres of C. of Lime, rapidly dissolved by acetic acid. When do concretion form.

Nov 10th

(6) Worm from same place much vegetable matter in gizzard & many grains of silex, bot no stones.

(N.B. The secretion or excretion of so much lime makes one think of the practice of farmers in giving quick lime (?)to peaty soil — if quick lime cases not analogous.)

Nov 12

(7) Worm K. Garden [illeg] gizzard with bits of green veg. matter & several small stones (& bit of coal) — one stone above 2.mm across — 2 fragments, apparently of concretions, dissolved very slowly in acetic acid & when oxalic acid added white precipitate

Nov 12 W. K. Garden — in ant. small calc. gland on one side filled entirely together with neck with hard crystalline mass, so as when found was flask shaped — in opposite side the calc. concretion was simply oval — appeared some C. of Lime & effervesced in acetic acid neutralized with ammonia & then with oxalic acid large white precipitate. (see Back/ (a))

Concretions structure of

In the posterior glands only pulpy matter with infinitude of spheres, very little acted on by acetic acid! (& one small hard mass which was acted on by acetic acid, but I saw no effervescence) do the little spheres did disappear but not very slowly, probably likely coasted with organic matter (over)

60

(a) The solution of both concretion gave white precipitate with oxalic acid

Then 2 concretions when dissolved in acetic acid left a mass of organic tissue retaining form of concretion; in one which had become dry & was redissolved there were here & there traces of little spheres as in the lime-milk of posterior glands. The concretion in acid which had not become dry, was not wholly dissolved — here was much tissue & an infinitude of spheres, & oval bodies, like those in lime-milk: I have now added more acetic acid to see if these bodies will dissolve & they have all dissolved with effervescence. — In act of dissolving they become more transparent.

(Can the crystalline masses in ant. gland serve to carry the lime to posterior part of alimentary canal?

towards circumference, with a slightly opake centre. I observed this in the milk of lime. The nature ultimately mysterious & disappears. When a crystal is formed the calc. matter must pass out of sphere so as to unite. The oval bodies as far as I have seen indifferent in the ant. to post. glands.