6B

Sea-Kale

May 23d. 8˚ 30'. —, 3 leaves on 2 Plants, marked with white wool, whole right-side cleaned with sponge & cold water. (Marks lost.)

(June 4th. 10˚ 30 Frank cleaned right side of leaf viewed from base with damp sponge & marked with sticks to which leaf tied with white tape.

Three leaves) July 7th No' I right side very much more speckled so as to be conspicuously different, (& larger size), but not I think gnawed. Nor. 2. right-side very much more & almost utterly decayed, whilst left side still much green & larger; gathered. No' 3 both sides quite withered, but right side manifestly most withered; gathered.)

(July 22d. No I from reported on July 7th, whole of right side now yellow — left still greenish greenish over large space; right side speckled pitted almost all over, wholly different from left-side: gathered.) Their little circular or ova pits are surrounded by raised brownish border, & therefore are not, I think bits merely bitten out.)

See separate paper for Horace counting of another leaf

(7

To show whether ether & water at 95° injures leaves. —

May 18th 11˚ Am

Sweet-William, a large Ranunculus, Chinese Pæony, young leaf of Lilac & Solomons-seal rubbed with bit of sponge soaked with ether, about 3 times rubbed, black wool

(19th 11˚ A.m. Sweet-W. & Ranunculus seem injured by ether)

23d decidedly injured & thrown away— Perhaps Possibly Lilac slightly injured; I think not so Solomons-seal.

Sweet-william, large ranunculus, Lilac. — Solomon-seal (& carnation see p 9) rubbed several times with dripping sponge with water at 94°.

(none in the least injured.)

8 (7A

(Does not go to sleep) Solomons Seal

2 leaves cleaned in manner described on 18' (see p. 7.) are now (19th 11 Am.) well wet after heavy shower; so they were on 21st & 22d.)

(May 23d. 9˚ A.m. — cleaned 2 more youngish leaves, marked yellow wool, with damp sponge & cold water.) (Only upper surfaces had been rubbed.)

(July 7th — leaf (white w.) cleaned with ether — bloom not removed. not at all injured; nor the 2 (yellow wool) which had been cleaned with sponge.)

Sept 24 one of the sponged leaves looks yellower than the other but doubtful case

Oct 15 I can see no difference

(5 (9)

Carnation Flower-garden

May 18th 77 11. A.m. — (1 leaf with heavy wash of ether to see if injured, black-wool)

(2d leaf with water at 95° to see if injured black + white wool)

(3d. 4th & 5' leaves rubbed gently with dry sponge white wool) — But there is not much bloom on carnation leaves.

(19th I find young leaves are well protected from rain & silvery older leaves very imperfectly, protected & much wetted by rain.)

(19th the above leaves after shower well wetted.)

(Leaf from plant in green-house with bloom dipped in water [2 words illeg] left sheets of particles on surface, & these under high power consisted of irregular minute granules.)

(May 24th 8 A.m. — The worsted of all except 1 have been removed & now sponged with coldish water 3 4 leaves on same plant (marked with label) & marked with white wool— but the rubbing does not seem to remove very well the wax.)

(over)

[9v]

July 7th of the 4 leaves, 2 seem decidedly injured in comparison with others of same age. — not so 2 others — Bloom not renewed—, The bloom but I rubbed them again.)

(Aug 19th— The 4 pairs of leaves cleaned on May 24 are all without exception much more decayed & much more transparent than opposite ones which had not been touched.) Less chlorophyll in cleaned leaves for alcohol now deeply stained green in those which had not been cleaned

Dec. 12 On a plant which stood in greenhouse & had drops on leaves with no effect was put out of doors late in summer, with 4 leaves cleaned & recleaned of bloom, but no clear difference can now be perceived — Possibly leaves must be cleaned early in life to produce any effect— or last experiment was accidental.—

[Repeat on 9v]

(6 10

Oxalis acetosella

May 16 77 Frank by ring of cork has fixed 3 leaves open.

(22d 10˚ P.m I have seen at night that they are kept open.)

(18th 11˚ A.m. I have rubbed these leaflet on near leaf on back of mound with sponge & proved that water now adheres to it better.)

(19th 11˚ A.m. This one leaf & indeed all open leaves wetted after heavy showers.)

(May 23d. 9˚ A.m. — Perhaps speckled & injured a little.)

(June 7th all these leaves in 22 days especially the ones rubbed one of which has dropped & decayed off) seem much injured; but a good many leaves all over the plants, are in rather poor condition, owing I suppose to cold weather.

As this plant droops its leaves on every cold & wet day wd. be likely to suffer much from leaflets being kept horizontal

(10A

Oxalis acetosella

July May 31. 4 leaves Frank fastened open with bit of cork above & below not pressed. — sticks marked with red wool. — June 2nd 10 Am F. cleaned right-hand according to usual rule, except 1 by mistake leaflet with damp sponge on all 4 leaves.

10AA

July 6. 1877

Oxalis acetosella [sketch] cleaned

1- broken loose

2 leaflet No 1 has a decayed or eaten hole in it

 all 3 leaflets wet & yellowish (36 days)

3 leaflet No 2 eaten or decayed slightly: all 3 in pretty good state. Leaflet 1 wet, & the 2 others rather wet also —

4 Leaflet 3 (cleaned in this plainly by mistake) rather decayed or eaten, & wet as are the other two.

5. all three leaflets blotched & yellow. Leaflet 1 rather worse. It is wet and the other two leaflets also —

(I am inclined to believe that pining open leaves does injure them.)

(10B

Coppery Oxalis with yellow flowers.

out of doors corniculata. (var coppery)

June 1'. 9˚ 30'. F. fastened open 6 leaves & cleaned 1 leaflet on each towards end where sticks are fastened.

June 6. Only 3 of the old ones still attached fastened 7 more at 10. 15 AM — these are known by either being fastened directly to the bog main board or by a pin driven into the little laths. ("VI" is pencilled opposite each new one — but this might wash out)

The leaflet most away from greenhouse wall cleaned on upper surface in each case.

(10 C

Coppery Oxalis July 6. 1877

9 still attached to bearings, of these 2 are quite dead

4 pinned to horizontal sticks, have the middle leaflet quite wet & no striking difference in healthiness among the 3 leaflets

3 pinned to the board are very l unhealthy: no difference between cleaned & not cleaned leaflets in this respect.

(11

Epimedium

The young leaves well protected by bloom —the old leaves are much wetted by rain. —

May 23d. 9˚. A.m. — 3 youngish leaves, marked with black wool, cleaned with sponge & cold water; but the bloom is not very well thus removed; i.e. leaves not very well wetted.

(July 7th no injury to the 2 remaining leaves

(12

Hypericum, bushy (on mound)

May 23d. 9˚. A.m. — 3 youngish leaves, marked with white white wool, cleaned with sponge & cold water. (N. B. H. calycinum is well protected by bloom).

(July 7th all the leaves over whole bush, spotted & diseased, but the 3 cleaned leaves not worse than others.)

(13

May 23d. 77. Highly polished leaves both surfaces of young Ivy, Common & Portugal Laurel— less polished leaves of Chinese box & Privet, are well wetted by water & water cannot be quite jerked off.

But under sides of Common Laurel have greasy appearance & water does not well adhere to it; & whatever it is, it is not easily rubbed off by dry, Handkerchief or S. Ether, but is perfectly removed by slight — rubbing with finest precipitated moistened chalk & end of finger. The surface of Cassia common greenhouse is in exactly the same state as under surface of Laurel. — Youngish Holly-leaves polished & considerably wetted. — Young leaves of Mahonia (aquifolia) splendidly polished — they after dipping are not thoroughly wetted, but rather thickly covered with small drops. This seem a very common case & holds with young smooth almost polished leaves of large Daphne & Vinca major, & many others —The thorn with large fruit on side of walk with woolly leaves not very wobbly is well wetted by immersion. over

[14v]

Hypericum — round-rib silvery

(14

Nicotiana glauca— Sept. May 24. 10˚ 30'

Leaf nearly full-grown — pinned so as not to go to sleep.—

cleaned space on right-side near middle of leaf & put on drop of distilled water & another drop on opposite side nearer end of leaf.

Case cold— only about 60, but rises to 80° when sun shines.

Very fairly hot most days— The drops occasionally dried up, & were then put on again — I shd. conjecture had remained on for at least 4/5 of time. (ie. 4 days) when May 28' 10˚the drops had dried up surface of leaf cleaned of any residue left— Leaf freed of pins & marked white wool —

Places marked with point of vermilion — right-hand side cleaned space, left-hand drop on space not cleaned & near base where a drop fell accidentally early in experiment & not removed.

May 30th I can see not the least effect from any of the drops. — June 4th do

(July 7th The space where water lay is yellowish & slightly decayed, but hardly more so than some other spaces spots on the leaf where drops had accidentally fallen, & some other spots from no known cause. (Gathered)

(14A

Nicotiana glauca

June 5th 5˚ P.m. — 3 leaves with bloom rubbed off both surfaces placed in purest water & 3 other leaves of about nearly same size placed in same amt of water. Temp. during first 24˚ 64°-65°F. On second day 65°-66°F.— Third day 63°-66°F.

June 8th

10. 30 AM — Took leaves out, the non rubbed ones floated as soon as weights taken off & came out nearly dry.— There was a slight metallic scum of rubbed lea water in which un rubbed leaves were.

June 9th

There is distinctly a greater residue in the cleaned leaves water— in the other there are flakes of white matter which pulverise on being scratched with a needle I scratched a flake almost to pieces & then left ether on it for several minutes;— but no effect

(July 9th I have looked at 2 evaporating dishes, & I do not think much difference)

(15

May 30th

Nicotiana glauca

I syringed violently young upper leaves with water at nearly 90°F. for about 1' 30", shaking in intervals, & then syringed for 1' with water at 56°, but neither syringing & shaking altered angles of young upper leaves with axis. — The leaves shoot off the water well

30th. 10˚ 30' Am. cleaned space by big pin though rather young leaf (Black wool) & put on drop of very pure water, & put on smaller drop on opposite side & near on surface not cleaned.

June 4th 9˚ Am. removed drops from cleaned & uncleaned surfaces, the drops did not always rest on same spots— Yesterday excessively hot, so that bloom wd have been melted. — The 2 crusts on glass slides presented conspicuous difference: that from the

(15A

Nicotiana glauca

cleaned surface was opake over whole surface, with margin thicker & pale yellowish brown. — That from the uncleaned leaf, had was almost absolutely clear over whole surface except the margins & the marginal crust in parts colourless & in parts paler yellowish brown as in other slide. — The difference altogether very conspicuous, — depending chiefly on the water from the cleaned surface depositing matter over whole surface; whereas that from bloomed surface, had merely a marginal crust.) Probably It is very remarkable that Frank has boiled the slide for long time above 15' in Alcohol & the little spherical particles not in the least dissolved: can hardly be wax.) (over)

(At one pot where globule on uncleaned leaf lay an oval brown & killed spot .25 in longer diameter. A slight mark in another spot.— no m only a trace of mark on cleaned surface. — Probably concentrated light according to [crucible]

(over)

[15Av]

N. glauca

Afterwards he boiled slide for 15' in water & not the least effect— after the slide was dry examined under high power & the multitude of little spherical particles still formed a white crust on glass— This crust cd be broken off with greatest ease, leaving glass clean.—

(The particles not acted on by effective digestive fluid.)

(Nor by S. Ether.)

(July 7th The spot where water lay is speckled with brown & appears decidedly injured.)

(July 15th leaf now bright yellow — bloom still on surface except where bloom was removed.— Where water lay no difference except when viewed as transparent object, & then numberous many quite transparent minute points can be seen.

(16

St. Bruno's Lily Flower-garden

May 30th 11˚ 30 Am

Cleaned with damp sponge 3 leaves, moderately young, both surfaces, white wool, proved by syringing were cleaned.

(July 7th no fresh bloom formed on upper part of leaf. — perhaps somewhat injured, but very difficult to judge, so many other leaves naturally decayed.)

(17

Pampas-Grass Tritons

May 30th 11˚ 30' A.m.

Cleaned with damp sponge 3 leaves, moderately young, both surfaces, white wool, proved by syringing cleaned. —

(July 7th neither 2 leaves not injured, no bloom on upper parts, but some on lower part, this removed.)

(18

Hot-House Fern

June 1' 9˚ A.m. — cleaned bloom off space near mid-rib & put some drops of purest water— in advance of white wool

Also put drops of do. (in advance of black wool) on space with good bloom. —

June 4th. 9˚. A.m removed the drops of the 2 lots, (which had of course been renewed several times) & which were very nearly equal in amount. & evaporated them in glass plates. There was much more matter in water which had rested on cleaned surface & this was of a darker pale yellowish-brown tint. Perhaps the darker tint merely due to greater thickness of matter.

There were infinitely numerous minute hyaline spheres in both, which I presume was particles of wax.

The day before Yesterday was an intensely hot day so that no doubt much bloom wd have been removed by water on the uncleaned surface. I daresay twice as much matter from the cleaned than from other surface.