(18A

Hot-House Fern

July 6th I have examined leaf where water rested; does not appear in the least injured; but just above spot, where I had tied a thick white worsted there to mark spot, beneath the worsted, leaf injured & decayed considerably; I suppose continued contact with damp surface.

Aug 17th. The whole space where water rested 1 1/2 inches long & nearly 1 inch broad dec brown & withered, where bloom had not been removed & where water rested not at all injured.

(19) (17 A

June 1'. 1877

Eucalyptus innis — P.

9˚ 30' Am.

Pointed oval leaves vertical— both surfaces beautifully silvery — cleaned both with damp sponge— marked with black wool 3 — Young & older older leaves in pairs to see if checks growth — proved by dipping in water that they were cleaned— This to try whether mere loss of bloom injurious. —

June 1st 11˚ Am Also 2 leaves, white wool, cleaned on both sides, to be wetted on both side (twice or) thrice daily with spray to represent dew & short showers. — These leaves are of equal size with adjoining ones for comparison.

(July 6th this has been done: leaves with white wool not injured, as easily wetted as before, so no bloom reformed.— Black wool one youngish leaf seem to have recovered bloom, unless some mistake; the other 2 well wetted.— Wiped off bloom again from both sides of all 5 leaves. — July 16th not the least injured, — discontinued squirting)

(over)

[18v]

Feb. 13. 78. I had observed for some time that the sponged leaves were spotted as if with spots of water — a mildew or rust under m. — The wetting produced no effect, as we have seen, & all 5 leaves sponged finally on both sides.—

During last month or 2 observed more rust on the sponged leaves than on others & today examined carefully. — 2 with white wool & 1 with black much more spotted than any adjoining leaves — 2 old on upper surfaces 2 other blacks more on lower surfaces.

Now though a good many of the older leaves which were not cleaned are in this state, yet it is against all probability that these 5 shd have been more mildewed than neighbouring ones by mere chance. — Ap 26. 1878 Cut off twigs— 2 with white wool certainly much more rested than the many opposite ones— One with black w. perhaps a little more — on 4th not at all more.

The fifth dropped off & lost.

(20

June 1st 11˚ A.m. Eucalyptus globulus The other Eucalyptus

Young plant with horizontal leaves splendidly protected with bloom, so water like quick-silver on them.

Black wool— both sides of leaf well cleaned to compare whether mere removal of bloom injures leaves; opposite leaf left as standard.

White wool little space cleaned & with 8 drops of water on it; with similar quantity in watch glass— removed as evaporated.

June 4th 10˚ 30' removed the drops of water which had lain in leaf & some water in watch glass which had been exposed for equal time, but it stood under Ficus repandus & many particles of dirt had fallen on it. — Evaporated both on plates of glass — that from cleaned leaf was much more opake over whole surface than the other, but this I believe due to particles or spheres of wax. A narrow marginal crust. The w I begin to suspect in every 2 other cases (viz. Nicotiana glauca & Fern) [illeg]

20 A

Eucalyptus globulus

that the opacity of water or crust due to particles of wax. —The water from watch glass had much thicker marginal crust but whole general surface cleaner: the marginal crust yellowish brown, & this makes me suspect that this colour is from cause no relation to matter absorbed from leaves

July 6th. New bloom had formed on both surface of the cleaned leaves (marked with black wool) but not quite so much as on leaves which had never been cleaned: not injured. Cleaned both surface again.

On leaf with white wool, there were many little yellow specks as if leaf injured in some degree where water had lain — some fresh bloom had formed & I again cleaned surface.

Oct 1' on one of cleaned 1/2 leaves the end of black wool rested which will have conducted moisture down & leaf much injured. — The old spot which was first cleaned at base of leaf— considerably spotted with decayed spots.

April 26th 1878. I cannot make out that removing bloom injures leaves, but certainly, when

[21Av]

water has long rested on cleaned leaves surface much injured — (one leaf seems to have had 1/2 cleaned & 1/2 not cleaned, & the cleaned half much more speckled & in some degree injured. / see other paper

(21

Acacia cultriformis

June 1st 11˚ A.m. 1877

2 leaves cleaned on both sides black-wool to see if this injures them

2 leaves (& tips of adjoining lower ones) cleaned on both sides, white wool, & watered with spray twice or thrice a day.

(July 6th. this has been done: none of 4 leaves injured; perhaps some bloom has reformed: rubbed leaves with white wool again.

Feb. 13th 1878 It is a most remarkable fact that I have often looked at the above leaves & never cd see any injury, but to day I found the 2 with black wool quite dead & by a breath fell off, whilst all those above & below on same branch were perfectly Healthy.— The leaves with white wool are spotted with black rust, far more than any of adjoining ones.

22

Acaidia Farnesiana

Jun 2d /77

Put nine young leaf into cold water & into water at 91° no clear movement — After the latter water & waved about leaves well wetted; before silvery & dry.—

(23

June 2d 1877

Eucalyptus resinifera

Leaves asymmetrical, vertical or sub-vertical— neither surface silvery, yet wonderfully free from water after immersion— & long shaken— neither ether nor water at 90 much effect. — Alcohol, if sponged with several times renders them wet.— when rubbed gently with [illeg] chalk is also wetted. F. has made section & a distinct layer of uniform thickness over the epidermis can be seen (This refers not to E. resinifera to the species which is very like it: it is stained bluish black by [illeg] & so contains I suppose tannic A.

(F. finds that layer is dissolved by boiling pure alcohol in about 15m, with some residue left—)

June 5th. 8˚ A.m. 2 leaves, marked with white wool, cleaned with precipitated chalk, so as to be well wetted with water— & to be daily washed syringed thrice like other Eucalypti & Acacias.— This has been done to July 6th July 16th — no injury — discontinued (over)

[23v]

Feb 13th 1878 These 2 leaves do not seem injured at all more than others of same age.

(p 23

(a) Eucalyptus —? very like E. resinifera. (June 5' 77)

Dotted leaved kind—

In the leaves which have not been rubbed with pped chalk the layer of resinous, tannin-containing matter is not continuous; some sections have none of it & where present it is of very irregular thickness so that it looks wavery in outline; there are generally thicker layers over the glandular 'dots'. This layer of matter is not all removed by rubbing with chalk & it is very doubtful whether any is removed.

By looking vertically down onto thin sections of epidermis cut parallel to surface of leaf it can be seen that there are numerous fine lines scratched on the rubbed leaf & not on the non-rubbed ones; & this probably accounts for water adhering so well to the rubbed leaves.—

About sections of E. resinifera

Ether sp glauca — Digestive fluid does not dissolve spheres

(23B

E. resinifera

July 6th The two leaves are not now so well wetted as when first cleaned with chalk — not in the least injured by daily syringing — or possibly a trace yellower.— But the unrubbed leaves are slightly wetted when immersed in water.

(24

Acacia.....? yellow— little balls of flower [sketch] variety like A. cultriformis

June 5th 1878 8˚ A.m.

3 leaves cleaned of bloom so as to be well wetted white wool, between 2 wollen-threads— to be daily watered syringed thrice. July 6th this has been done; leaves not injured, they have not reformed bloom or not much. — July 16th no injury — discontinued

(This species named by Dyer see Portfolio)

Feb. 13' 1878 These 3 leaves were brown & dropped off on touch. & had clearly suffered by bloom having been removed; some of lower leaves on same branch in bad state, but the leaves above presented a great contrast.

(25

Acacia iteaphylla (evidently wrong name)

June 5' 8˚ A. m — long narrow — 3 leaves between 2 white wool, cleaned of bloom & well wetted to be regularly watered syringed thrice daily.

(July 6th This has been done: leaves not injured: much bloom has reappeared especially towards upper ends of leaves, which have no doubt grown much: rubbed these again.)

July 16th — no injury — discontinued.—)

Aug 19th no injury some bloom removed & again wiped off

Feb 13th 1878 I noticed some time ago that some of the cleaned leaves had dropped off, but now it is too late for all below have naturally dropped off.—

(26

1877

Iris (common garden) Blue-flowered

June 5th 11˚ A. m. — cleaned both surface damp sponge of 3 leaves, tied to sticks with black wool.

(July 7th no bloom removed on upper part, but leaf grown towards base & covered with bloom; this now again removed. — Two of the leaves much or decayed than corresponding ones on the same plant — The thread leaf not at all injured.) (a)

(July 11th rubbed right side alone (viewed from outside of plant) white wool

—Sept 17th I am doubtful about result for I am not quite certain which side was rubbed, but the side which seem to have most bloom has 18 brown-spots & channel, whereas the other side has 28.)

[26v]

July 23d. great considerable difference in the state of the 2 leaves bloom removed, in comparison with the orresponding ones on opposite side of bundle of leaves. — Gathered 1 pair to send to Mr. Worthington Smith. The whole mass A marked difference viz many points burrowed by some larva probably, for epidermis left on one side, & not fungus according to Mr Smith, see his note. (Aug. 10 The second pair, the clean one quite rotted & decayed, & thrown away whilst & the opposite one pair fresh.)

(Sept. 4th The third le pair gathered, (pair refers to leaf of same age on opposite side of sheath of leaves) the cleaned one yellow & much decayed almost to base, but with the same number viz 40 to 42 punctures & holes as the leaf with bloom.) The leaf with bloom not in the least decayed only punctured.)

26 A

Morning 1877 July 11th. Iris

Blue-flowered — separate plant — 2 leaves white wool—. cleaned right side alone — viewed from outside alone Oct 30th one of them lost by accident: the other has on outside 9 burrows by insect. (3 in middle belong doubtfully to either side) & 4 out side with bloom.—

Tall— Yellow iris— 3 leaves cleaned right side as above white wood wool — The leaf with no stick had 2 [illeg] made by insects on right-side.

Dec. 13' no no effect

Iris speudo-acorus— cleaned right side of 1 oldish leaf. July 22d 8˚ 30' cleaned 1/2 of a second leaf. more to wash

Oct 1. These have rim of decay & yellow on right side. running far down leaves.

Oct 15' no trustworthy differences

(27

Hypericum calycinum

June 6' 9˚ A. m. 3 youngish leaves, white black wool (& 1 sticks by) cleaned with damp sponge. Such cleaning makes water adhere much more fully, but yet have greasy feeling appearance & water can easily be shaken off.— These leaves were covered by fine beads of dew, as they stand almost horizontally.

(July 7th no injury caused.)

(28

Aquilegia glandulosa? (growing among Anemones in K. garden —)

June 6. A 10.15 AM — Cleaned both surfaces of one entire leaf of 3 leaflets & also 3 other leaflets on 3 separate leaves.

N.B The entire leaf was done a little too quickly so that I believe under surface was very slightly abraided. Marked with white wool

(July 7th Bloom removed— not at all injured.)

(29

1877

June 7th

I have looked over all previous specimens & no effect except with Trifolium repens & the early pinned leaves of oxalis acetosella.