38

(1) The Plant, a Biography by M. Schleiden, translated by A. Henfrey 1848.

p. 100 Speaking of the Antheridia of Mosses &c, says "They remind us very strongly of a phenomenon observed in the progressive gradation of animals, where we also often find an organ prefigured in a group in which it performs no function, acquiring its actual importance to the life of the animal in a neighbouring group." Could this be proved wd. upset my theory.

p. 103 in a series, we must evidently regard the grasses & Compositae as holding the highest station in existing vegetation", (C. D in the two great series of plants of Monocot & Dicot) "Remarkably enough also, precisely these 2 families by their number of species & individuals constitute the most peculiar characteristic components of the existing Flora "for grasses 1/20, & Composite together 1/7' of all plants. 1/10th 

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(2)

p. 102 Considers each organ as a separate blossom, & their union, as one flower first stage in development then the formation of floral envelopes & "finally in the highest stage Nature unites a number of separate flowers into o one great definite whole" (I think this view, viz "morphological differentiation" of V. Baer here very true.)

p. 169 "Wherever the soil is rich in the various salts occurring most abundantly in plants, the characters of the latter become altered; varieties & monstrosities originate, which never occur in the wild condition." Plants, however differ much in this tendency to vary. Here S. has defined Knight's view, but case of animals makes me doubt.

p. 290 Extends this to the variability of Alpine plants (NB I look to other cause more varied conditions since Glacial & fewness of individuals to cross), owing to supply of soluble alkaline matter washed down from rocks

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(3)

above Mem. plants of Delta of Nile So again the Chenopodiæ & Atropliciæ which grow on rubbish are the most variable (are they more than Rubus?) So (if I understand), he gives the following plants as variable, from vegetating under the influence of our cultivation,

viz Thalictrum minus.

Ranunculus arvensis

Viola tricolor

Silene Gallica et inflata

Spergula arvensis

Medicago falcata, lupulina, tribuloides

Weia villosa, sepium, grandiflora, angustifolia

Knautia hybrida, arvensis

Scabiosa grammantia

Crisium arvense

Taraxicum officinale

Galeopsis ladanum

Agrostis stonolonifera, vulgaris

Aira cæspitosa

Festuca orina, rubra

Bromus secalimus.

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(4)

p. 300 "It may safely be asserted that a portion of our field plants, which are never found anywhere with us, but amongst certain definite crops, are not indigenous, as the lowly "Pheasants' eye" the Blue-bottle the Corn-crake - the Papaver argemone, the Delphinium consolida, the Lilium linicola & Hemps & "But may not these have become adapted to our crops??

p 194 In part of Persia, Camels cannot be kept on account of eating the Box.

p 197 In Sponges, apocyneæ & Urtiaceæ, some plants most useful, like the milk-tree & & som most deadly

p 200 nettle pretty analogy with poisonous snakes. Poison spine a cell, of which tip breaks off.

p. 197 The Urtiaceæ include plants so different as our Pellitory & Nettle, & the Bread-fruit, the Fig, Hop. & Mulberry!

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(5)

p 242 Heaths are so distributed that "S. Africa has innumerable distinct species of which, however, never more than a few individuals grow side by side, [insertion: ie no Heaths C. D] that, then, towards the north, the number of species suddenly diminishes in an important degree, while the number of individuals increases, till at last in the N. of Europe, a single species, the Calluna vulgaris, overspreads whole countries in millions of single individuals." It is very curious. Are Heaths a late arrival in Europe as artichokes in La Plata? On confines of life are not species few & numbers great. Humboldt has written on sociable plants.

Heaths have come from S to North I shd. think, unlike Australian

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9

plants none of which have gone to Europe - Think of this with respect to no Heath having gone to N. America as I believe or crossed Baffin Bay.

Calluna has not crossed the [illeg] Have Heaths?

Heaths a late importation but probably before Glacial period.